评论
打印
As tech companies grew larger and more valuable, the rush to hire more talent heated up.
随着科技公司规模越来越大、价值越来越高，招聘更多人才的热潮也愈演愈烈。
By the mid-2010s, if you had a talented developer, you could easily out earn any other career out of college by working for a company like Facebook, Apple, Amazon, Netflix, or Google, the so-called FAANG companies.
到2010年代中期，如果你有一名才华横溢的开发人员，那么通过在Facebook、苹果、亚马逊、网飞或谷歌等公司（即所谓的FAANG公司）工作，你可以轻松获得比大学毕业后从事的其他任何职业更高的收入。
These businesses all had established platforms, but they still hired tens of thousands of developers and paid them very well for a few reasons.
这些企业都拥有成熟的平台，但他们仍然雇佣了数万名开发人员，并为他们支付了丰厚的报酬，原因有几个。
The first was that they were constantly trying to add new features to their core offerings and even maintaining a platform like YouTube takes a lot of work to keep up to date with customer demands.
首先，他们不断尝试为其核心产品添加新功能，甚至维护像油管这样的平台也需要大量工作才能跟上客户的需求。
The homepage of the site today looks very different from even 5 years ago.
该网站的主页今天看起来与5年前大不相同。
There was also an exuberance, where newer companies like Uber, Airbnb, twitch, Snapchat, Tinder, and even WeWork, were scaling their operation so fast that they would hire developers before they even had a defined project for them to work on.
当时也出现了一种繁荣的景象，Uber、Airbnb、twitch、Snapchat、Tinder甚至 WeWork等新公司正在迅速扩大业务规模，甚至在有明确的项目要开展之前就会聘请开发人员。
Because hiring when they actually needed staff would slow them down.
因为在他们真正需要员工时招聘会拖慢他们的速度。
This was part of a relatively new tech industry strategy called blitzscaling, a not so subtle reference to the Blitzkrieg of World War II,
这是一项相对较新的科技行业战略，称为“闪电式扩张”，它并不隐晦地暗指第二次世界大战中的“闪电战”，
which was all about capturing as much territory as possible, as quickly as possible, using new technology before the enemies could respond.
即在敌人做出反应之前，利用新技术，尽可能快地占领尽可能多的领土。
Supply lines couldn't keep up. But the hope was that once a territory was captured the German Army could sort all of that out later.
补给线跟不上。但人们希望，一旦占领了一块领土，德国军队就可以在以后解决所有问题。
Now clearly tech companies are not rolling tanks through Belgium.
现在，很明显，科技公司并没有开着坦克穿过比利时。
But they are using the scalability of technology to capture market share in industries like food delivery, taxis, holiday rentals and online dating as quickly as possible and then sorting out things like what to do with all their staff later on.
但他们正在利用技术的可扩展性，尽快占领食品配送、出租车、度假租赁和在线约会等行业的市场份额，然后再解决如何处理所有员工等问题。
In an interview published by the Harvard Business Review, Reid Hoffman, a Silicon Valley venture capitalist and one of the founders of PayPal and Linkedin,
在《哈佛商业评论》发表的一次采访中，硅谷风险投资家、PayPal和领英创始人之一里德·霍夫曼表示，
said that companies that are blitzscaling may need to get as many warm bodies to the door as possible as quickly as you can.
采用闪电式扩张的公司可能需要尽快招募尽可能多的人才。
Another reason why tech bros are being hired as quickly as possible was that hiring lots of staff was a great way to make sure that they couldn't go to potential competitors, especially startups that could.
科技兄弟被尽快聘用的另一个原因是，大量招聘员工是确保他们不会去潜在竞争对手那里的好方法，尤其是那些可能被竞争对手聘用的初创公司。
And I really hate to say this but disrupt, the industries of the big incumbent players, acquiring competitor companies as they start to take market share could get companies in trouble with the FTC for anti-competitive practices.
我真的很不想这么说，但破坏大型现有参与者的行业，在竞争对手开始占据市场份额时收购它们，可能会让公司因反竞争行为而陷入联邦贸易委员会的麻烦。
But there were no rules against denying them to staff that they would need to get their business going in the first place.
但没有规定禁止拒绝聘用他们开展业务所需的员工。
A report by The Wall Street Journal interviewed tech workers who admitted to being hired to do nothing at all and that the businesses were hoarding developers like Pokémon cards.
《华尔街日报》的一篇报道采访了科技工作者，他们承认自己被雇来什么都不做，而且这些企业像囤积神奇宝贝卡一样囤积开发人员。
That made it all worse when high interest rates reduce market certainty and lower customer demand for a lot of these tech products resulted in mass layoffs across the industry.
当高利率降低市场确定性，客户对许多科技产品的需求下降，导致整个行业大规模裁员时，情况变得更糟。
Businesses that were Blitzscaling either shut down or shifted gears to only hire workers they really actually needed.
那些闪电式扩张的企业要么倒闭，要么转变方向，只雇佣他们真正需要的员工。
New feature development slowed down and big established companies didn't need to worry about hoarding workers away from their competitors anymore because nobody was hiring.
新功能开发速度放缓，大型老牌公司不再需要担心从竞争对手那里抢走员工，因为没有人在招聘员工。
Artificial intelligence is also already doing a lot of the grunt work that is typically given to new employees.
人工智能也已经做了很多通常交给新员工的繁重工作。
Tech companies by their nature are more open to adopting these new technologies and even replacing just a handful of entry-level developers can save companies millions of dollars every year so it really is an ideal environment for automation.
科技公司本质上更愿意采用这些新技术，即使只替换少数入门级开发人员，每年也能为公司节省数百万美元，所以这确实是自动化的理想环境。
This was the second major blow to the tech bros. They traded in the promise of a very stable career for something that has become an incredibly risky game of survival.
这是对科技兄弟的第二次重大打击。他们用非常稳定的职业承诺换取了一项已经变得极其危险的生存游戏。
You can make a lot of money and technology. But your success is going to depend just as much on picking the right company or startup at the right time as it is on your own personal skills development.
你可以赚很多钱，制造很多技术。但你的成功不仅取决于你个人的技能发展，还取决于在正确的时间选择正确的公司或初创公司。
An entry-level developer that started working with Intel 5 years ago had a good chance of being laid off last month with stock options that are worth absolutely nothing.
一名5年前开始在英特尔工作的入门级开发人员上个月很有可能被解雇，而股票期权一文不值。
A similarly skilled developer that took a job with Nvidia at the same time on the other hand probably never needs to work again in their life.
另一方面，如果一名技能类似的开发人员同时在英伟达工作，那么他可能一辈子都不需要再工作了。
The ones that got lucky go out and the ones that got let go are sick of playing the stock market with their careers.
那些幸运的人离开了，那些被解雇的人厌倦了在职业生涯中玩弄股市。
If they wanted to do that, they would have become finance bros. And then there is the biggest problem of all.
如果他们想这样做，他们就会成为金融兄弟，然后就是最大的问题。
Workers want to be close to job opportunities and companies want to be close to workers. So the whole industry has aerated in just a handful of locations.
工人希望靠近工作机会，公司希望靠近工人。因此，整个行业只在少数几个地方蓬勃发展。
These cities have become incredibly expensive and infrastructure has not been able to scale as fast as these companies, which means it's not unusual for tech workers making six figures to share a two-bedroom apartment with three other highly paid local workers.
这些城市的生活成本变得非常昂贵，基础设施无法像这些公司那样快速扩展，这意味着年薪六位数的科技工作者与其他三名高薪本地工人合租一套两居室公寓并不罕见。
Ask me how I know. If you are a tech worker struggling to afford a place to live on a six figure salary, then there is basically no hope for other workers in these cities, which are still essential to keep society functioning.
问我我是怎么知道的。如果你是一名技术工人，靠六位数的薪水挣扎着负担得起一个住处，那么这些城市的其他工人基本上就没有希望了，而这些工人对于维持社会运转仍然至关重要。
As a result, big Tech cities have not only become expensive places to live, they've also become not particularly nice places to live.
因此，大型科技城市不仅变成了生活成本高的地方，也变成了不太好的居住地。
Remote work could have alleviated these issues by easing demand in these small markets.
远程工作可以通过缓解这些小市场的需求来缓解这些问题。
But the big tech companies now have a lot more negotiating power over workers who don't want to be another layoff statistic and they are using that power to mandate a return to office.
但是，大型科技公司现在对那些不想成为另一个裁员统计数据的员工拥有更大的谈判能力，他们正在利用这种权力要求员工重返办公室。
Even Zoom, the company developing remote working solutions has pulled its teams back into the office. These problems also don't come with many upsides for locals.
甚至开发远程工作解决方案的公司Zoom也将其团队拉回了办公室。这些问题对当地人也没有带来太多好处。
The big sell is that these companies offer great jobs but most of these jobs go to people who were not local and only move to the city after they secure a role and then compete with locals for housing and other services.
最大的卖点是这些公司提供了很好的工作，但大多数工作都给了外地人，他们只有在找到工作后才会搬到城市，然后与当地人竞争住房和其他服务。
I personally moved to San Francisco from out of state after I got a job at an investment bank.
我在一家投资银行找到工作后，就从外州搬到了旧金山。
So even though I was technically a finance bro, I was still very much a part of the problem.
所以，尽管我严格意义上来说是一名金融兄弟，但我仍然是问题的一部分。
Other areas have gone from welcoming tech companies opening up operations in their cities to actively pushing back against it.
其他地区已经从欢迎科技公司在其城市开展业务转变为强烈抵制。
And this all represents a trend which is way larger than just gentrifying entire cities. People just straight up don't like the tech industry anymore.
这一切都代表了一种趋势，这种趋势远不止让整个城市士绅化。人们根本就不喜欢科技行业了。
Whether they are pressing them out of their homes, collecting their data, hitting them with declining services, making them piss in bottles or threatening their jobs with AI, most people don't see this as progress anymore.
无论是将他们赶出家门、收集他们的数据、用下降的服务打击他们、让他们向瓶子里撒尿或用人工智能威胁他们的工作，大多数人都不再认为这是进步。
And the tech Bros have become just as unpopular as us finance bros.
科技兄弟变得和我们金融兄弟一样不受欢迎。
These companies have also bent the rules in their favor to make their particular brand of market power technically legal.
这些公司还为了自己利益而扭曲规则，使他们特定的市场力量在技术上合法化。
