评论
打印
4. Improved nutrition for residents
（四）居民健康营养状况明显改善
– More choices for meals. Per capita shares of various foods in 2018 and their increase over 1996 are as follows: oil, 24.7 kg, growing by 6.5 kg (35.7 percent up); pork, beef and mutton, 46.8 kg, growing by 16.6 kg (55 percent up); aquatic products, 46.4 kg, growing by 19.5 kg (72.5 percent up); milk, 22.1 kg, growing by 17 kg (333.3 percent up); vegetables, 505.1 kg, growing by 257.7 kg (104.2 percent up); and fruits, 184.4 kg, growing by 117.7 kg (176.5 percent up). The per capita direct consumption of staple grains has decreased, and the consumption of non-grain foods such as meat and fish, ligneous foods, vegetables, and fruits has increased. The Chinese have more choices in what they eat and have a healthier diet.
——膳食品种丰富多样。2018年，油料、猪牛羊肉、水产品、牛奶、蔬菜和水果的人均占有量分别为24.7公斤、46.8公斤、46.4公斤、22.1公斤、505.1公斤和184.4公斤，比1996年分别增加6.5公斤、16.6公斤、19.5公斤、17公斤、257.7公斤和117.7公斤，分别增长35.7%、55%、72.5%、333.3%、104.2%和176.5%。居民人均直接消费口粮减少，动物性食品、木本食物及蔬菜、瓜果等非粮食食物消费增加，食物更加多样，饮食更加健康。
– Improved nutrition. Data from the National Health Commission shows that the average daily energy intake of a standard person in China is 2,172 kcal, and the intakes of protein, fat and carbohydrate are 65g, 80g and 301g. Chinese citizens have an adequate supply of dietary energy, with sufficient intake of the three major nutrients – proteins, fat and carbohydrates. The proportion of carbohydrate intake has fallen, and those of fat and quality protein intake have risen.
——营养水平不断改善。据国家卫生健康委监测数据显示，中国居民平均每标准人日能量摄入量2172千卡，蛋白质65克，脂肪80克，碳水化合物301克。城乡居民膳食能量得到充足供给，蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物三大营养素供能充足，碳水化合物供能比下降，脂肪供能比上升，优质蛋白质摄入增加。
5. Food for the poor
（五）贫困人口吃饭问题有效解决
– Poor people in China no longer need to worry about food. The Chinese government has always attached great importance to eliminating hunger and poverty. Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, in particular, it has explored ways to develop the rural economy, increase farmers' incomes, and eliminate hunger and poverty. Remarkable results have been achieved in targeted poverty alleviation and eradication. According to China's current poverty standards, as of the end of 2018, there remained 16.6 million people living in poverty in China. This represented a reduction of 82.39 million compared to 2012, and the incidence of poverty was down from 10.2 percent to 1.7 percent. The government has helped 750 million people out of poverty since 1978, when a staggering 770 million people were struggling for the means to live. According to the World Bank's poverty line of 1.9 US dollars per person per day, China has contributed more than 70 percent of the global poverty reduction effort. China has lifted more people out of poverty than any other country, and is the first country to reach the poverty reduction goal in the UN's Millennium Development Goals.
——中国农村贫困人口基本解决了“不愁吃”问题。中国高度重视消除饥饿和贫困问题，特别是党的十八大以来，探索出了一条发展农村经济、提高农民收入、消除饥饿和贫困的成功道路，精准扶贫、精准脱贫成效卓著。按现行农村贫困标准计算，2018年末，中国农村贫困人口数量1660万人，较2012年末的9899万人减少了8239万人，贫困发生率由10.2%降至1.7%；较1978年末的7.7亿人，累计减贫7.5亿人。按世界银行每人每天1.9美元的国际贫困标准，中国对全球减贫的贡献率超过70%，是世界上减贫人口最多的国家，也是世界上率先完成联合国千年发展目标中减贫目标的国家，贫困人口“不愁吃”的问题已基本解决。
– Nutrition for key groups in poverty has improved markedly. In 2018, the per capita disposable income of residents in impoverished rural areas reached 10,371 yuan, an actual increase of 1.7 percentage points higher than that of rural areas in general. This increase in income has enabled poor areas to acquire more food, and the intake of grains among poor groups has grown steadily. The government has carried out extensive nutrition improvement programs in poor areas for young students, infants, children, pregnant women, and the elderly, as a result of which there have been noticeable improvements in their nutrition and health.
——重点贫困群体健康营养状况明显改善。2018年，贫困地区农村居民人均可支配收入达10371元人民币，实际增速高于全国农村1.7个百分点。收入水平的提高，增强了贫困地区的粮食获取能力，贫困人口粮谷类食物摄入量稳定增加。贫困地区青少年学生营养改善计划广泛实施，婴幼儿营养改善及老年营养健康试点项目效果显著，儿童、孕妇和老年人等重点人群营养水平明显提高，健康状况显著改善。
