评论
打印
Former president of the United States Jimmy Carter is turning 100 on October 1.
美国前总统吉米·卡特将于10月1日迎来100岁生日。
The 39th president is celebrating the century mark at his home in Plains, Georgia, where he was born in 1924.
这位第39任总统正在他1924年出生时的佐治亚州普莱恩斯的家中庆祝百年纪念日。
He is currently in hospice care.
他目前处于临终关怀阶段。
Carter’s small southern town is much like it was when he was a boy.
卡特所在的南部小镇跟他小时候的样子差不多。
But America, and the world overall, has seen major changes over his long life.
但在他漫长的一生中，美国和整个世界都发生了巨大的变化。
The U.S. population is almost three times larger than it was in 1924.
美国人口几乎是1924年的三倍。
America grew from about 114 million people to about 330 million today.
美国人口从1.14亿增长到今天的约3.3亿。
The world population grew even faster, from 1.9 billion to more than 8.1 billion, during the same period.
在这一时期，世界人口增长更快，从19亿增加到81亿以上。
That great increase has not reached Plains, Georgia, however.
然而，这种巨幅增长在佐治亚州的普莱恩斯并没有体现。
The town of 500 people in the 1920s, now has closer to 600.
这座小镇在20世纪20年代有500人，现在有近600人。
Much of its local economy revolves around Carter, its most famous son.
当地大部分的经济都围绕它最出名的子民卡特展开。
Jimmy Carter first ran for president in 1976 against then-President Gerald Ford.
吉米·卡特第一次竞选总统是在1976年，对手是当时的总统杰拉尔德·福特。
That election marked the first time the television network NBC started using a red-and-blue electoral map to cover the election results.
那次选举标志着NBC电视网首次开始使用红蓝相间的选举地图来报道选举结果。
The colors have since become a permanent part of the American political language.
自那以后，这些颜色已经成为美国政治语言的永久构成部分。
The color blue represents the Democratic Party and red represents the Republican Party.
蓝色代表民主党，红色代表共和党。
In 1924, there was no Amazon to order goods online.
1924年，还没有亚马逊可以进行网购。
But Americans could order a build-it-yourself house from a Sears catalog for $2,025.
但美国人可以从西尔斯的商品目录中订购一套自己建造的房子，价格为2025美元。
That amount was a little below the average worker’s yearly earnings.
这一数字略低于普通工人的年收入。
There was no superstore like Walmart.
当时还没有沃尔玛这样的大型商超。
But people could buy bread, milk, and other things at small, local general stores.
但人们可以在当地的小杂货店里买到面包、牛奶和其他东西。
Prohibition, the ban on making and drinking alcohol, had been national law for four years when Carter was born.
卡特出生时，国家法律已经禁酒四年了，即禁止酿酒和饮酒。
He was nine when it ended.
禁酒法律废除时，他九岁。
The former president and his late wife Rosalynn were not known as big drinkers.
这位前总统和他已故的妻子罗莎琳并不是出了名的酗酒者。
They usually served wine as the single kind of alcoholic drink at White House state dinners, mainly to save money.
在白宫国宴上，他们通常只提供葡萄酒这种酒精饮料，主要是为了节省开支。
Other kinds of alcohol would increase the cost of the events.
其他种类的酒精会增加宴会成本。
But Carter’s brother Billy was known for his beer drinking.
但卡特的哥哥比利是出了名的爱喝啤酒。
When Carter became president, Billy sold his name to a beer manufacturer to produce Billy Beer.
卡特当上总统后，比利把自己的名字卖给了一家啤酒制造商，以生产比利啤酒。
News sources reported that Billy Carter received a $50,000 yearly payment for use of his name from one brewer.
新闻来源报道，比利·卡特从一家酿酒商那里获得了5万美元的年费。
That would be about $215,000 in today’s economy.
这大约相当于现在的21.5万美元。
The 19th Amendment that extended voting rights to women went into effect in 1920, four years before Carter’s birth.
扩大女性投票权的第19条修正案于1920年生效，也就是卡特出生前四年。
And the Voting Rights Act that widened voting rights to Black Americans was passed in 1965.
1965年通过的《选举权法案》扩大了美国黑人的投票权。
Now, Carter is set to vote by mail for Vice President Kamala Harris, says his grandson Jason Carter.
现在，卡特的孙子杰森·卡特表示，卡特将通过邮寄投票给副总统卡马拉·哈里斯。
He added that his grandfather is excited about the chance to see Harris make history.
他补充说，他的祖父很高兴有生之年或许能看到哈里斯创造历史。
If elected, Harris would become the first female and the first person of South Asian ancestry to lead the United States.
如果当选，哈里斯将成为领导美国的第一位女性以及第一位有南亚血统的人。
Jimmy Carter was born in a period of isolationism, protectionism and white Christian nationalism in the U.S.
吉米·卡特出生在美国的孤立主义、保护主义和白人基督教民族主义盛行的时代。
In 1922, Congress enacted taxes on imports, called tariffs, to help U.S. manufacturers.
1922年，国会对进口商品征收关税，以帮助美国制造商。
After stock market losses in 1929, lawmakers added more tariffs to help farmers.
在1929年股市下跌后，立法者增加了更多关税来帮助农民。
Five months before Carter was born, President Calvin Coolidge signed the Immigration Act of 1924.
卡特出生前五个月，卡尔文·柯立芝总统签署了《1924年移民法》。
The law created the U.S. Border Patrol and sharply limited immigration, permitting mostly just Western Europeans to enter.
这项法律设立了美国边境巡逻队，并严格限制移民，主要只允许西欧人进入。
Asians were barred from the country completely.
亚洲人完全被禁止进入美国。
Congress said the law was meant to “preserve the ideal of U.S. homogeneity.”
国会表示，这项法律旨在“维护美国同质化的理想”。
The militant white supremacist group Ku Klux Klan held large marches in Washington in 1925 and 1926 to gather support.
1925年和1926年，激进的白人至上主义组织三K党在华盛顿举行了大规模游行，以获得支持。
A century later, Republican presidential candidate Donald Trump is promising to order the largest deportation effort in U.S. history if he wins office.
一个世纪后，共和党总统候选人唐纳德·特朗普承诺，如果他当选总统，他将下令进行美国历史上最大规模的驱逐行动。
Trump is also calling for tariffs on all goods coming to America.
特朗普还呼吁对所有进入美国的商品征收关税。
Carter has lived through 40 percent of U.S. history since the Declaration of Independence in 1776.
自1776年独立宣言以来，卡特亲历了美国40%的历史。
When Carter took office, just one president, John Adams, had lived to be 90.
卡特上任时，只有一位总统约翰·亚当斯活到了90岁。
Since then, Ford, Ronald Reagan, Carter and George H.W. Bush all reached at least 93.
从那时起，福特、罗纳德·里根、卡特和乔治·H.W·布什都至少活到了93岁。
I’m Caty Weaver.
我是凯蒂·韦弗。
