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A CDC advisory committee and then the head of the CDC, Rochelle Walensky, just approved a booster dose of COVID 19 vaccine.
COVID-19加强针疫苗获得了美国疾控中心的一个顾问委员会和疾控中心负责人罗谢尔·瓦伦斯基的授权。
And what's different about this shot is that it protects against the original version of the virus, and also what's currently circulating, which is called BA.4 or BA.5.
这支疫苗与原版疫苗的不同之处在于，它可以预防原始病毒，以及目前正在传播的被称为BA.4和BA.5的病毒。
The virus that causes COVID-19 has been mutating for the last two years, changing around a little bit.
新冠肺炎病毒在过去两年里一直在小幅度发生变异。
Especially on the spike protein, which is this protein that dots the outside of the virus.
尤其是刺突蛋白，这是一种位于病毒外层的蛋白质。
And that's what the vaccines target.
也就是疫苗的目标。
The new vaccine aims at both the original spike protein and also the new one on the current variants.
新疫苗既针对原始的刺突蛋白，也针对当前变种的新蛋白。
BA.5 is the dominant variant around the world.
BA.5是目前传染性最强的主流变种。
BA.4 is second.
BA.4是传染性第二强的。
So this targeted booster should be better at preventing infection and severe disease from BA.4 and BA.5.
因此，这种靶向增强剂应该能更好地预防BA.4和BA.5导致的感染和严重疾病。
This authorization covers both the Pfizer and Moderna vaccines.
辉瑞和莫德纳疫苗公司均获得了授权。
Pfizer would be authorized for people ages 12 and up, and the Moderna vaccine for adults only.
辉瑞公司的疫苗能够用于12岁及以上的人群，而莫德纳疫苗仅适用于成年人。
It's believed to be extremely safe because we have so much experience with the original vaccine.
我们认为这两种疫苗是极其安全的，因为原版疫苗让我们积累了很多经验。
And also the companies for about a year have been testing changes to the vaccine to address new variants, So they have a lot of data on that as well.
此外，大约一年来，两家公司一直在测试疫苗的变化，以应对新的变种，所以他们也有很多这方面的数据。
The safety data that we had from previous vaccines probably covers this one.
我们从以前的疫苗中获得的安全性数据可能也适用于该版本疫苗。
They don't expect any different side effects this time than with the previous vaccines.
两家公司预计，该疫苗不会出现与原版疫苗不同的副作用。
The last two winters and falls we've had big surges of COVID-19.
过去的两个冬天和秋天，我们的新冠肺炎感染者数量飙升。
So there is concern that as we go inside, as things get colder in most places in the U.S., that infection will pass more readily and people could be more vulnerable.
因此，人们担心，随着我们进入室内，美国大多数地方的天气变冷，病毒将更容易传播，人们可能更容易受到感染。
The rule of thumb that somebody gave me is if you haven't been vaccinated or infected within about the last six months, it's probably a good idea to get boosted now.
有人传授给我了一个经验法则，如果你在过去六个月内没有接种过疫苗或感染过病毒，那么建议你现在去注射疫苗。
If you're immunocompromised or elderly, it's probably better to shorten that timeframe.
如果你免疫功能低下或年事已高，建议缩短疫苗接种时间。
And it's probably been more than a year for most people since they've had either a shot or a booster.
大多数人可能已经有一年多没有打疫苗或加强针了。
Protection does fade with these shots.
时间长了，疫苗的保护能力确实会减弱。
And so it's probably a good idea to get a booster shot this fall to protect against the surge that we expect in the fall and winter.
因此，我们建议大家今年秋天接种加强针，以防止预计在秋季和冬季出现的感染者数量激增。
