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Hi. Welcome to engVid. I'm Adam.
大家好，欢迎来到英格威英语学习网，我是亚当。
In today's video, I'm going to talk to you about going to a hospital or a clinic in an English-speaking country.
在今天的视频中，我将要和你聊聊去一个讲英语国家的医院或诊所的事情。
Now, hopefully, you will never need to know any of the words in this video because nothing will happen to you;
但愿，你不需要知道视频中任何一个单词，因为你会健健康康的。
but life is life, things do happen, sometimes accidents happen, sometimes things occur unexpectedly, so you may need to go to a hospital or a clinic.
但是生活嘛，总是会发生事情，有时意外会发生，有时事情会出乎意料，所以你可能会去到医院或者诊所。
A hospital - big building, lots of doctors, lots of equipment. It has an emergency room or an emergency department.
一家医院，一座大楼，很多的医生，很多的设备。医院里有急诊科或急诊室。
A clinic is more like a small doctor's office, and you can walk into...
诊所更像是一个医生的办公室，你可以去...
Go into a walk-in clinic, meaning you don't need an appointment.
走进一家诊所，意思是你不用预约。
If you have something urgent and you need to speak to a doctor, then you can go here to take care of whatever it is.
如果你有紧急的事情，需要去看医生，你就可以去那里解决问题。
Now, this is all assuming that you are ambulatory.
这种情况的前提是你可以走动。
Now, all of you know "ambulance"; an ambulance carries you to the hospital.
你们都知道救护车，救护车可以带你去医院。
If you are ambulatory, it means you don't need an ambulance; you can go on your own two feet.
如果你可以走动，意思是你不要叫救护车，你可以双脚走路。
You are mobile, you can stand, you can take yourself to the doctor. Okay? Now, I'm going to talk about this in two ways.
你可以移动，可以站立，可以自行去看医生。下面我要从两个方面来讲这个事情。
First, I'm going to talk about the administrative aspect of going to the hospital, and then I'll talk about the medical aspect.
首先，我来讲讲去医院时行政方面的事情，然后再跟大家说说医学的部分。
Now, I'm assuming that if the situation is an emergency, someone will go with you.
假设现在出现的是一个紧急情况，有人会陪你去。
Now, it may be a friend of yours who's also not a native speaker, it may be a roommate, it may be a classmate from your English school.
可能是你的一个朋友，他的母语也不是英语，可能是你的室友，可能是你学校的同学。
So, everybody should know this stuff; you may need to help somebody, somebody may need to help you.
所以，大家都应该知道这些东西。你可能需要帮助他人，别人也可能会帮助到你。
Again, hopefully not, but be prepared. So, you're going to go into the hospital or the walk-in clinic and you're going to check in.
希望这些事情不会出现，但是要做好准备。如果你要去医院或者去一个诊所，你需要登记。
Just like you check in at a hotel, you check in at a hospital. You will go and deal with the admitting staff.
就像你去酒店登记一样，去医院也需要登记。你会和医院的接待人员交涉。
"Admitting" means they take you in; they admit you, they do all the paperwork, they get you set up or your friend set up to be taken care of.
“接收”意味着他们让你入院，他们让你入院，完成文书工作，安排你或你朋友去看医生。
You will fill out a lot of forms; name, information, maybe medical history if that's what they need to know.
你要填很多的表格，性命，信息，也许还有病史，如果需要知道的话。
If there's a situation that you've had in the past, they need to know this.
如果你过去出现过某个状况，他们需要知道这些。
You will fill out all this information, and they will start to process you.
你会填所有这些信息，他们会开始走程序。
Excuse me. They will process you, and you're ready to go or your friend will be ready to go.
就是开始接诊，你或者你的朋友要准备好。
If you need an x-ray, they will schedule an x-ray to check if you have any broken bones anywhere in you.
如果你需要做X光检查，如果你有骨折的话，他们会给你安排X光检查。
If you need something like an MRI or a CAT scan, where they do a full body diagnosis and look inside,
如果你需要做核磁共振或者CAT扫描检查的话，他们会做一个全身检查，
that's not going to happen at the emergency room because there's always a line up for that.
这个在急诊室是做不了的，因为那里总是有人排队。
That's not emergency services; if you need it, they will schedule it for a week later-if you're lucky-a month later, etc.
那不属于紧急服务，如果你需要的话，他们会安排在一周后-如果你幸运的话-或者一个月后，等等。
Now, it's very important, if you're going to travel overseas, that you have insurance.
这个很重要，如果你要去海外旅行的话，你有保险，
This is something that you pay for that, if anything happens, all your medical expenses are given back to you.
这是你需要支付的东西，如果发生了什么事情的话，你所有的医学花费都会返还给你。
But check your policy. Your policy is the insurance that you signed for; that you paid for.
但是要检查你的保险单。你的保险单上就是你买的保险。
It has all the different rules, it has all the different conditions - make sure you understand these very clearly
上面有很多不同的规则，有很多不同的条-确保你充分地理解了它们，
because it happens often that somebody comes to Canada, or to the US, or to another country, they need to go to the hospital and then they get a bill.
因为这种情况经常发生，有人去了加拿大，或者美国，或者其他的国家，他们需要去医院，然后就收到一个账单。
The hospital says: "Okay, here. You owe us $5,000." Medical expenses can be very, very high,
医院表示：“给你，你欠我们5000美元。”医疗花费可能会非常高。
so you may have to pay upfront, meaning you have to pay at the hospital at the time for anything that they do to you.
你需要提前付费，意思是你需要在医院提前支付所有的诊疗费用。
If you have to go to surgery, you may have to pay $50,000 or whatever the situation.
如果你要去做外科手术，你可能必须得付50000美元，或者是其他情形。
So, be prepared to be able to pay upfront. Now, if you think: "Well, that's what insurance is for.
所以，准备好提前支付。你可能会想到：“我可以用保险。
Insurance will pay for all this stuff." Some policies, yes, will pay the hospital directly; some will not.
保险可以支付这些费用。有些保险是的，会直接在医院付款，有些则不会。
Some will reimburse you. You will be reimbursed when you go home and fill out all the paperwork in your home country.
有些会在之后补偿你。在你回国填了所有的文件之后，他们会补偿你。
So make sure you understand what's going on. If you get to the hospital and you don't have a credit card with you,
确保你知道保险何时生效。如果你去了医院，你没有带信用卡。
you might be in some serious trouble; they might not let you leave the hospital until somebody comes and pays for you.
这样你可能会遭遇麻烦，在某人前来为你支付之前，他们可能不让你离开医院。
Okay? So, this is all the administrative stuff. Now let's look at what actually happens, medically speaking; doctors, nurses, etc.
这些都是行政方面的事情。现在我们来看看医疗方面的事情，医生，护士，等等。
Okay, now let's look at the actual action that's going to happen when you come to the hospital.
我们来看看你去医院后会发生的事情。
So, first of all, you will be looked after by the attending nurse, or doctor, or resident.
首先，主治医生、护士或者实习医生会来照顾你。
A resident is still a student; he or she is still working towards a specialization or just towards their final certificate.
实习医生还是学生，他或她正在学习某个专业或者在攻读他们的文凭。
So, it'll be the attending nurse, or the on-call nurse or the doctor. Okay? That's the one taking care of that shift-okay?-at the hospital.
所以会是实习护士，呼叫护士或者医生。他们会在医院轮流值班。
Now, if you came in an ambulance, then the paramedic will have already started the whole process in the ambulance;
如果你是坐救护车来，护理人员在救护车就已经开始治疗过程。
but if you're walking into the clinic or the hospital, you will be looked at by the attending doctor or nurse.
如果你是走进诊所或者医院，实习医生或者护士会接待你。
So, the first thing they will do is perform triage. So, we use this verb.
首先他们会做患者鉴别分类。所以，我们使用这个动词。
"Triage" is the process of separating all the injured, or wounded, or sick people in order of priority.
“患者鉴别分类”是指按照优先次序将所有的伤员或者病人分开。
Okay? Whoever needs to go in first will go in first; whoever can wait will wait.
需要先治疗的人就先治疗，可以等的人就先等等。
So, this process basically looks very quickly: "Are you bleeding?" Then they have to go stop the bleeding.
这个过程会很迅速：“你流血了吗？”然后他们得赶快止血。
If you're not bleeding, and your heart is pumping okay, and your brain...
如果你没流血，你的心脏也没有不舒服，你的大脑...
And you can still function and speak, then you can wait; it's not that bad, and you may have to wait a few hours, but you will eventually get in.
你仍然可以正常活动和说话，那你就可以等等，没那么糟糕，你可能会登上几个小时，但是最终会轮到你的。
Those who need care fastest go in first. So, this begins with a diagnosis.
需要马上接受治疗的人就排在前面。这开始于一个诊断。
The nurse or doctor will look at you, they will try to understand the situation; if you're having pain, if something's broken,
护士或医生会观察你，他们会去了解你的情况，如果你感到疼痛，如果哪里出了问题，
if you're bleeding, if you're hurt in whatever way - they will figure out what the problem is and what the treatment should be.
如果你在流血，如果你受了伤，他们会发现问题出在哪里，需要应用什么治疗。
And, from there, you start your process of being treated. Okay? Diagnosis leads to treatment.
然后你就开始治疗。诊断引出治疗。
Now, most of the time what they will do first is take your blood pressure to make sure that it's not too high; that you're not going to have a heart attack any second.
多数时候他们做的第一件事就是量你的血压，确保血压不是太高，你不会出现心脏病发作。
Right? If your blood pressure is sustainable; if you can sit and wait for a while, then you'll sit and wait.
如果你的血压是可以忍受的，如果你可以坐下等会儿，那你就等一会儿。
If your blood pressure is too high, they may need to take you in right away and bring it down, or do something else.
如果你的血压太高，他们可能需要妥善处理，把血压降下来。
They may hook you up to an IV. So, an IV is, like, a needle.
他们可能会给你静脉注射。静脉注射就是，一个针，
It goes into your arm, so that's why it's called "intravenous".
它扎到你的胳膊上，这就是她为什么叫“intravenous”。
It goes into your vein, and it feeds you most likely saline solution - water with a little bit of salt just to make sure you're okay.
它会进到你的静脉里，最可能给你注射的是生理盐水-就是带一点盐的水，用它来让你没事。
It's, like... Keeps you alive, like food, but I'm not going to get into the details.
它会让你活着，就像食物，但是我不会给你讲细节。
So, they'll hook you up to an IV. Sometimes they may have to hook you up to a catheter.
他们会给你静脉注射。有时他们可能给你用一个导尿管。
If you have trouble and you're, like, peeing, for example, and you don't want to do it all over the floor,
如果你难以排出小便，你不想尿在地上，
they'll hook you up with a tube, you'll go into a bag, and you'll wait until it's your turn to see the doctor.
他们会给你一个管子，接上一个袋子，然后就等着轮到自己时去看医生。
If you're bleeding, then the first thing they're going to do is stop the bleeding.
如果你在流血，首先他们要帮你止血。
If you lose too much blood, you can pass out and worse things can happen.
如果你失血过多，您可能会晕倒，糟糕的事情会发生。
So, first thing: Stop the bleeding. Disinfect the wound.
首先：止血。给伤口消毒。
So, if you're cut somewhere and you're bleeding from it, they have to clean it with alcohol or whatever other disinfectant - make sure it's clean.
如果你哪里受伤了，伤口在流血，他们得用酒精或者其他消毒剂清洁，确保伤口是干净的。
And if it's really gushing... "Gushing" means bleeding very fast and a lot.
如果血在喷薄...“gushing”意思是血流的很快，留的很多。
If you're gushing blood, they have to stop it and then they may have to staple the cut or stitch the cut.
如果你在喷血，他们得赶快止血，可能需要用外科钉处理或者缝合。
Staple, like a stapler, like pieces that: "Chicka-chicka-chicka-chick".
外科钉，就像订书机一样，一个一个的：“咔咔咔”。
And they take the skin and they close it, and they staple it.
他们找到皮肤，止住伤口，然后钉住。
Or stitch with, like, a needle and thread, and they close it, stop the bleeding, and then take care of it after.
或者用针线缝合，止住伤口，止血，之后再处理。
