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This is Everyday Grammar. I'm Kaveh.
欢迎收看《每日语法》栏目，我是卡维。
And I'm Lucija. Writing can be hard, especially with all the different punctuation rules.
我是露西佳。写作很难，尤其是它有不同的标点规则。
What punctuation confuses you the most?
什么标点符号最让你困惑？
Let me think. No one has ever really explained to me the proper use of dashes.
我想想。没有人真正向我解释过破折号的正确用法。
Dashes? Yeah. I always use them, but I've never been taught about them, either.
破折号？是的，我总用它们，但从来没有被教过。
The En Dash, Em Dash and the Double Hyphen are the three types of dashes.
短破折号、长破折号以及双连字符是三种类型的破折号。
But today let's focus on the first two.
但我们今天着重讲前两种。
A dash is a long horizontal line in the middle of a line of text.
破折号是一行文字中间的一条长水平线。
It is used to separate groups of words when, as the writer, you want to emphasize a statement...
当你想要强调一项陈述时，它被用来分开一组单词，
or use them in place of a colon...or to replace parentheses or a commma.
它们也可以代替冒号或圆括号或逗号。
The Em Dash does all of these things.
长破折号有所有这些作用。
When you want to be less formal in writing and still generate a strong emotion, you can use the Em Dash.
当你想在写作中不那么正式，并仍要产生强烈的情绪时，可以使用长破折号。
After all the neighbors arrived—including Jimmy and Taylor—the host gave a speech.
所有的邻居都来了之后——包括吉米和泰勒——主人发表了讲话。
The students—all 30 of them—failed the test.
所有学生——全部30名——都没有通过考试。
He is afraid of one thing—spiders.
他害怕一个东西——蜘蛛。
The En Dash is shorter in length and can be used to represent spans of time or ranges in numbers,
短破折号长度较短，可以用来表示时间跨度或数字范围，
or to show a connection or create compound adjectives.
或者显示关联或是创建复合形容词。
I read pages 30-36 of the new book.
我读了这本新书的30-36页。
I need 15-20 minutes to cook my lunch.
我需要15-20分钟来做午餐。
The flight route is London-New York.
飞机航线是伦敦到纽约。
He is the Nobel prize-winning scientist.
他是获得诺贝尔奖的科学家。
And that's Everyday Grammar.
以上就是今天的全部内容。
