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Mars is also bathed in harmful radiation from the sun,
火星还沐浴在太阳的有害辐射中
even though it's further away,
即使它离太阳更远
unlike Earth it has no
与地球不同的是，它没有磁场
magnetic field and no ozone layer to protect it.
也没有臭氧层的保护
Early explorers would
早期探索者们
have to be careful to minimize their exposure
必须小心让自己的暴露面积减到最小
and perhaps they would have to live underground.
或许他们还要居住在地下
But one day, I think it will be possible
但我认为，未来某天
to drastically alter conditions on Mars,
我们很可能完全改变火星的生存条件
perhaps using space-bourne mirrors to supply warmth and power.
比如利用空间反射镜供给热能与动能
With perfectly foreseeable technology,
在势必问世的更高科技出现后
much more could become possible.
更大的转变也将成为可能
If we could erect giant domes made of glass and plastic
若我们能够建造一个巨大的玻璃塑料拱顶
to block out the radiation,
来阻挡辐射
inside them we could enrich the atmosphere.
在拱顶之内，我们还能充实稀薄的大气
500 years from now which really is a very short time indeed,
我相信，在未来短短500年之内
I think Mars will have its own language,
火星人就会形成自己的语言
its own currency, it's own cuisine.
货币，甚至烹饪之道
Although I'll bet you will still be able to get a hamburger somewhere.
不过我肯定你在那里仍旧能吃到汉堡包
But it's clear as the universe continues to age,
但随着宇宙的不断变老
even advances like these
即使是这样的进展
will not be enough to guarantee humanity's existence for a very long time.
也无法保证人类能够永久地繁衍生息
Look further into the future and ultimately our solar system
在更远的未来，我们的太阳系最终
will follow the same path as countless billions of solar systems before it
将与之前无数其他太阳系一样
and cease to exist.
不复存在
Right now the sun is in the middle of its life cycle.
现在的太阳正值壮年
During this phase, it is getting gradually hotter
这一阶段，它将以每十亿年6%的速度
and brighter all the time by about 6% every billion years.
逐渐地变热，变亮
In about five billion years,
在约五十亿年后
the sun's temperature will have grown to nearly 200 billion degrees.
太阳的温度将增至近两千亿度
At this point
这时
the Earth will be an unrecognizable ball of molten rock.
地球将成为一颗难以辨认的熔岩球
All life having long since perished.
地球上的生命也早已不复存在
This is our planet's unavoidable destiny.
这是我们这个星球难逃的命运
But that's not all the sun has in store.
但太阳将要带来的灾难远非如此
