一、注意前后语境
考查考生根据上下文提供的信息进行分析及推理的能力。高考的完形填空题中绝大多数属这种题型。有的根据上文、有的根据下文、有的要上下文结合,甚至通篇看完并理解才能作出正确的选择。请看下面广东卷中的一个小题(题中保留了原题中的题号,下同):
"As a matter of fact, I've got someone in the office at this very moment who might ___49___." She wrote down a number, and held it out to me, saying: "Ring up this lady. She wants a cook immediately. In fact, you would have to start tomorrow by cooking a dinner for ten people"49. A. hire B. accept C. suit D. offer
【分析】根据下文,这个妇女告诉他第二天可以去上班了,可见,她认为作者是适合(suit)的。
二、注意固定搭配
考查考生对常见的英语固定短语和习惯用法的掌握情况。如动词与名词的搭配;动词与介词或副词的搭配;介词与名词的搭配等。这类搭配在高考完形填空中时有出现。请看下面全国卷中的一个小题:
I admired the fact that he would talk to students outside the classroom or talk with them ___44___the telephone.
44. A. with B. by C. from D. on
【分析】表示“通过电话”交谈,用on the telephone 或by telephone,这是习惯搭配。
三、注意词语辨析
考查考生在特定语境中区别近义词的能力。四个选项词性相同,意义相近,要求我们在特定的语境中区分它们之间的细微差别。一般说来,其中的两个选项容易排除,难辨的是两个。请看下面全国卷中的一个小题:
Although I last met this man eight years ago, I have not forgotten his ___37___ qualities. First of all...
37. A. basic B. special C. common D. particular
【分析】根据句意很容易排除A和C;难辨的是B和D。special强调“与众不同的”,而particular指“值得注意的”,故选B。
四、注意行文逻辑
考查考生对上下文逻辑关系的理解,如转折关系、让步关系、因果关系、递进关系、增补关系、比较关系、对比关系等。四个选项都是表示文章的起承转合、上下连贯等逻辑关系的词语。请看下面全国卷中的一个小题:
Once he ___42___ sang a song in class in order to make a point clear.
42. A. also B. nearly C. even D. only
【分析】从上下文看为了使教学有趣易懂,这位教授不仅仅会借助oil paintings, music, and guest lectures等方式,“甚至”(even)在课堂上还唱歌,属递进关系。