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Recording Two
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When Julius Morton moved to Nebraska City in 1854, he faced a problem shared by many settlers in the territory: It was a treeless plain.
当朱利叶斯·莫顿于1854年搬到内布拉斯加城时，他面临着该地区许多定居者共同面临的问题: 这是一片没有树木的平原。
That meant no trees for building materials, or for fuel.
这意味着没有树木作建筑材料、燃料。
But Morton was one of the world's first conservationists, stating, "For prosperity, we ought to plant as many forests as we have exhausted and consumed".
但莫顿是世界上最早的自然资源保护主义者之一，他说: “为了绿树成荫，我们耗尽了、烧毁了多少森林，我们就应该尽可能多地种多少。”
So he started planting trees, beginning with his own land.
于是他开始种树，从自己的土地开始。
By 1860 Morton possessed a forest of more than 300 trees.
到1860年，莫顿拥有了一片共有300多棵树的森林。
A few years later, he had more than 1,000.
几年后，他拥有了一片共有1000多棵树的森林。
As the forest grew, so did Morton's influence in Nebraska.
随着森林越来越茂密，莫顿在内布拉斯加城的影响力也在增加。
This was largely because Morton founded the Nebraska City News, the state's first newspaper, in which he frequently wrote editorials about the practical and aesthetic benefits of tree planting.
这在很大程度上是因为莫顿创办了内布拉斯加州第一份报纸《内布拉斯加城新闻》，他经常在这份报纸上撰写关于植树的实用和美学效益的社论。
He also organized the Nebraska State Gardening Society and served on the Nebraska State Board of Agriculture.
他还组织了内布拉斯加州园艺协会，并在内布拉斯加州农业委员会任职。
While serving on the Board, Morton came up with an idea to spread his belief in tree planting statewide.
在任职农业委员会期间，莫顿想出了一个在全州范围内传播植树信念的主意。
On January 4, 1872, Morton drafted a resolution that April 10 be designated day for the planting of trees in the State of Nebraska and urged people to go out and plant trees themselves.
1872年1月4日，莫顿起草了一项决议，将4月10日定为内布拉斯加州的植树日，敦促人们外出种树。
Morton called the special event Arbor Day as "arbor" is Latin for "tree".
莫顿把这一特殊活动称之为“植树节（Arbor Day）”，因为“arbor”在拉丁语中是“树”的意思。
The state government agreed.
州政府同意了。
And on April 10, 1872, the first unofficial Arbor Day was celebrated throughout Nebraska.
1872年4月10日，内布拉斯加州庆祝了第一个非官方的植树节。
Prizes were awarded to counties, cities, and individuals who planted the largest number of trees.
内布拉斯加州为种植树木最多的县、市和个人颁发了奖项。
That day, an astounding one million trees were planted in Nebraska—an average of more than six for every man, woman and child in the state.
那天，内布拉斯加州种植了100万棵树，数量惊人——该州平均每个男性、女性和儿童都种植了6颗以上的树木。
Since 1885, Nebraska has planted more than 700,000 acres of trees, earning it the nickname "the Tree Planters State".
自1885年以来，内布拉斯加州种植了超过70万英亩的树木，因此获得了“植树之州”的绰号。
Arbor Day became a legal, civic holiday in the state in 1885.
植树节于1885年成为该州的法定公民节日。
It was held on April 22—Julius Morton's birthday.
植树节于4月22日举行，这天是朱利叶斯·莫顿的生日。
In addition to a parade in Nebraska City, Morton introduced what has since become a long-standing Arbor Day tradition: Schoolchildren went outside and planted trees together.
除了内布拉斯加城的游行，莫顿还引进了植树节由来已久的传统: 学生们到外面一起种树。
In 1970, nearly a century after Arbor Day was first celebrated, President Richard Nixon declared the last Friday of every April to be observed as National Arbor Day.
1970年，在首次庆祝植树节近一个世纪之后，理查德·尼克松总统宣布每年四月的最后一个星期五为国家植树节。
All 50 states recognize the April observance, although many hold an additional state Arbor Day in a month more suited to local tree planting.
全美50个州都认可将4月定为植树节，尽管许多州会在一个更适合当地植树的月份额外举办一个州植树节。
Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard.
请根据你刚刚听到的录音回答问题19至问题21。
Q19. What does the speaker say about Nebraska City in 1854 when Julius Morton moved there?
问题19：关于1854年朱利叶斯·莫顿搬到内布拉斯加城时，说话人说了什么?
Q20. What did Julius Morton do that increased his influence in Nebraska City?
问题20：朱利叶斯·莫顿做了什么增加了他在内布拉斯加城的影响力?
Q21. What does the speaker say happened on April 10, 1872?
问题21：说话人说1872年4月10日发生了什么?
