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A yearly report on international study shows the number of Chinese students in the United States fell by a small amount last year.
一份关于国际学习的年度报告显示，去年在美国的中国学生数量略有下降。
Meanwhile, a growing number of Chinese students are choosing to go to less costly countries like Britain and Australia.
与此同时，越来越多的中国学生选择去英国和澳大利亚等生活成本较低的国家。
Experts say the cost of studying in the U.S., a struggling Chinese economy, and tension between the two countries are reasons for the changing numbers.
专家说，赴美留学的费用、中国经济的困境以及两国之间的紧张关系是造成这一数字变化的原因。
The number of foreign students studying in the U.S. during the 2022-23 school year passed 1 million for the first time since the COVID pandemic.
自新冠疫情以来，2022-23学年在美国学习的外国学生人数首次超过100万。
That information comes from Open Doors, the yearly report on international study.
这一信息来自国际研究年度报告《门户开放》。
While the U.S. saw a 12-percent increase in foreign students in 2022-23, the number of students from China fell by 0.2 percent to 289,526.
2022年至2023年，美国的外国学生数量增长了12%，而中国的学生数量下降了0.2%，降至289526人。
China still had more students in the U.S. than any other country that year.
当年，中国留美的学生人数仍然比其他任何国家都多。
India was the second-largest country to send students to the U.S. in 2022-23, with 268,923 students.
2022-23学年，印度是向美国派遣学生第二多的国家，有268923名学生。
That represents an increase of 35 percent from the previous year.
这比前一年增长了35%。
In the 2021-22 school year, the number of Chinese students in the U.S. fell nine percent.
在2021-22学年，在美国的中国学生数量下降了9%。
The COVID pandemic saw Chinese student numbers in the U.S. drop in 2020-21 by nearly 15 percent.
2020-21年间，中国赴美留学生人数在新冠疫情期间下降了近15%。
That number is about the same as the drop in students from all parts of the world in 2020-21.
这一数字与2020-21学年来自世界各地的学生降幅大致相同。
Vincent Chen advises Chinese students about studying abroad. He is based in Shanghai.
文森特·陈为中国学生出国留学提供建议。他常驻上海。
He said most of the students he advises are still interested in studying in the United States.
他说，他建议的大多数学生仍然有兴趣去美国学习。
However, he also said there are growing numbers of students applying to study in Britain and Australia.
然而，他也表示，越来越多的学生申请到英国和澳大利亚学习。
"If you just want to go abroad, a one-year master's degree in the U.K. is much cheaper,” Chen said.
“如果你只是想出国，在英国攻读一年的硕士学位要便宜得多，”陈说。
“Many people can't afford to study in the U.S., so they have to settle for the next best thing."
“很多人都负担不起在美国留学的费用，所以他们只能接受退而求其次的选择。”
Data from the nonprofit U.S. group College Board Research shows that in the 2023-24 academic year, the average cost for a U.S. private college four-year education increased 4 percent to $41,540 compared with the previous academic year.
来自美国非营利组织大学理事会研究的数据显示，在2023-24学年，与上一学年相比，美国私立大学四年制教育的平均成本增加了4%，达到41540美元。
Foreign students, including Chinese students, also study in public U.S. universities.
外国学生，包括中国学生，也在美国公立大学学习。
Those schools are generally less costly than private colleges.
这些学校通常比私立大学的费用要低。
The British Council said three to four years of undergraduate tuition in Britain costs as little as $15,000 per year.
英国文化协会表示，在英国，三到四年的本科学费每年只需1.5万美元。
The number of Chinese students in Britain was 154,260 in 2022-23, according to the U.K. Higher Education Statistics Agency, HESA.
根据英国高等教育统计局(HESA)的数据，2022-23年在英国的中国留学生人数为154260人。
That is about 22 percent higher than in 2018-19, when the number was 121,145.
这比2018-19年的数字高出约22%，当时的数字为121145人。
Australia’s Home Affairs office said in the 2023-24 program year, China was the top foreign country for new students at 43,389, up slightly from the previous year.
澳大利亚内政部表示，在2023-24学年，中国以43389人的人数位居外国新生之首，比前一年略有上升。
Chen gave two other reasons more Chinese students are choosing to study in Britain and Australia: Chinese media's negative image of the United States and concerns about unfair treatment in the U.S.
更多的中国学生选择去英国和澳大利亚留学，陈给出了另外两个原因：中国媒体对美国的负面形象，以及对美国不公平待遇的担忧。
Bruce Zhang is a Chinese citizen who received his master's degree in Europe after studying in China.
张小龙是中国公民，在中国学习后在欧洲获得硕士学位。
He told VOA’s Mandarin Service that he had such an incident happen to him after he was admitted to a U.S. university’s Ph.D. program.
他在接受美国之音中文频道采访时表示，在他被一所美国大学的博士项目录取后，就受到过不公平对待。
When he entered Boston's Logan International Airport last year, Zhang said customs officers questioned him for more than an hour about his research.
张说，去年在他进入波士顿洛根国际机场时，海关官员就他的研究向他询问了一个多小时。
They asked him if it had any connections to the military.
他们问他，它是否与军方有任何联系。
And he said they took his computer and mobile phone for examination.
他说，他们拿走了他的电脑和手机进行检查。
Zhang was permitted to enter the U.S. for his studies in materials science.
张被允许进入美国学习材料科学。
Still, the questioning left him so upset that he has told other Chinese to study elsewhere.
尽管如此，这个问题还是让他非常不安，以至于他建议其他中国人去其他国家学习。
Cui Kai is a study abroad advisor based in the American state of Massachusetts.
崔凯是美国马萨诸塞州的留学顾问。
She told VOA Mandarin that experiences like Zhang’s -- or worse -- happen for a reason.
她告诉美国之音，像张这样的经历--或者更糟的经历--发生是有原因的。
Cui said those students who are questioned or denied entry have usually come to the U.S. for advanced study in an area related to security.
崔说，那些被询问或被拒绝入境的学生通常是来美国深造，学习与安全相关的领域。
Former U.S. President Donald Trump signed Proclamation 10043 in June 2020.
美国前总统唐纳德·特朗普于2020年6月签署了10043号公告。
That ruling denied visas to any Chinese student who had studied or worked in an organization connected to China’s “military-civil fusion strategy”.
该裁决拒绝向任何曾在与中国的“军民融合战略”有关的组织学习或工作的中国学生发放签证。
Under Proclamation 10043, the U.S. took away more than 1,000 visas given to Chinese nationals and has denied thousands more.
根据10043号公告，美国吊销了1000多个发给中国公民的签证，并拒绝了数千个签证。
Critics say the policy is costly to the U.S. and is making Chinese students look to universities in Europe and other places.
批评人士说，这项政策对美国来说代价高昂，并使中国学生将目光投向欧洲和其他地方的大学。
I’m Andrew Smith. And I'm Anna Matteo.
我是安德鲁·史密斯。我是安娜·马泰奥。
