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This autumn, students in the Finnish town of Riihimaki headed back to school with backpacks full of books.
今年秋天，芬兰里希马基镇的学生们背着装满书的书包回到学校。
This marks a change from recent years.
与近几年相比，这一现象体现出了一种变化。
For the past 10 years, the Finnish government pushed laptops and other electronic devices in the classroom.
在过去10年里，芬兰政府一直在教室里推广使用笔记本电脑和其他电子设备。
Finland's public education system is known for its good results and its readiness to try new teaching methods.
芬兰的公共教育系统以其良好的效果和乐于尝试新的教学方法而闻名。
Until recently, many schools gave laptops for free to all students from as early as age 11.
直到最近，许多学校向所有满11岁的学生免费提供笔记本电脑。
But Finnish parents and teachers have become increasingly concerned over the effect of screens on children.
但芬兰的家长和教师越来越担心屏幕对孩子的影响。
Riihimaki is a town of about 30,000 people. It sits 70 kilometers north of the capital, Helsinki.
里希迈基是一个大约有3万人的小镇。它位于首都赫尔辛基以北70公里处。
In 2018, the town’s middle schools stopped using most books.
2018年，该镇的中学停用了大多数书籍。
But this school year, schools in Riihimaki are going back to pen and paper.
但本学年，里希迈基的学校又回到了纸笔时代。
"Young people are using phones and digital devices so much these days that we don't want school to be one of the places where children are only staring at screens," said Maija Kaunonen, an English teacher at Pohjolanrinne middle school.
Pohjolanrinne中学的英语老师玛加·考诺宁说：“现在的年轻人使用手机和电子设备太多了，我们不希望学校变成孩子们只盯着屏幕看的地方。”
The distractions that come with the use of digital devices make many children restless and unable to give their full attention to learning, Kaunonen said.
考诺宁说，使用电子设备导致的分心让许多孩子焦躁不安，无法全神贯注地学习。
She added, "Most students just did the exercises as quick as they could” so they could then move on to using social media.
她补充说，“大多数学生尽快完成练习”，只是为了能早点开始使用社交媒体。
"And it took them no time at all to change tabs in the browser. So when the teacher came round to them, they could say: 'Yes, I was doing this exercise'."
“而且他们更改浏览器中的标签页根本不费吹灰之力。所以当老师走到他们身边时，他们会说：‘是的，我正在做练习’”。
Across Finland, children's learning results have been slowly getting worse in recent years.
近几年来，芬兰各地儿童的学习成绩一直在缓慢恶化。
In answer, the government plans new laws to ban the use of personal devices, such as phones, during school hours to cut back on screen time.
作为回应，政府计划制定新的法律，禁止在上学时间使用手机等个人设备，以减少屏幕时间。
One of Kaunonen's students is 14-year-old Elle Sokka.
14岁的艾尔·索卡是考诺宁的一名学生。
She said she did not always pay attention to the school subjects when learning digitally.
她说，在数字化学习时，她并不很关注学校的科目。
Instead, she moved to another web page.
相反，她会看其他网页。
Eighth-graders Miko Mantila and Inka Warro, both 14, said their concentration has improved since books returned to the classrooms.
都是14岁的八年级学生米可·曼提拉和因卡·沃罗说，自从课堂重新用回书本后，他们的注意力有所提高。
"Reading, for one, is much easier and I can read much faster from books," Mantila said.
曼提拉说：“例如，阅读变得容易了，我可以更快地阅读书籍。”
"And if you have to do homework late at night, it's easier to go to sleep when you haven't just been looking at a device," Warro added.
沃罗补充说：“如果你必须在深夜做作业，如果你盯着看的不是电子设备，那睡着会更容易。”
Minna Peltopuro is a psychologist working with the town on the change.
明娜·佩尔托普罗是一位心理学家，她与镇上的人一起研究这一变化。
She said the total screen time should be cut because Finnish teenagers currently stare at a screen for up to six hours each day on average.
她说，总的屏幕时间应该减少，因为目前芬兰青少年平均每天的屏幕时长达到了6个小时。
She added that too much use of electronic devices comes with both physical and mental risks, such as eye problems and growing anxiety.
她补充说，过度使用电子设备会带来身体和精神上的风险，比如眼睛问题和日益增长的焦虑。
Peltopuro added that the brain is at risk when trying to do more than one thing at a time.
佩尔托普罗补充说，如果你试图一次做多件事，大脑就会处于危险之中。
"Especially at a young age, one cannot manage it well," she said.
她说：“尤其是在小时候，人们还没法很好管理它的时候。”
I’m Jill Robbins.
我是吉尔 · 罗宾斯。
