评论
打印
The World Health Organization is calling for donations to fight the latest outbreak of the viral disease mpox in Africa.
世界卫生组织呼吁捐款，以抗击非洲最近爆发的猴痘病毒。
The U.N. health agency declared mpox in Africa a "public health emergency of international concern" last week.
上周，联合国卫生机构宣布非洲的麻疹是“国际关注的突发公共卫生事件”。
The director-general of the WHO, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, made the announcement after a meeting of the WHO's emergency committee.
世卫组织总干事谭德塞·阿达诺姆在世卫组织紧急委员会会议后宣布了这一消息。
The move follows a declaration by the Africa Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC).
在此之前，非洲疾病控制和预防中心(African CDC)发表了一份声明。
That organization declared mpox a public health emergency in Africa one day earlier.
该组织在一天前宣布猴痘为非洲的公共卫生紧急情况。
The WHO said there have been more than 14,000 cases and more than 524 deaths in Africa this year.
世卫组织表示，今年非洲已有超过1.4万例猴痘病例和超过524例死亡病例。
So far, about 96 percent of all cases and deaths have taken place in one country: the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
到目前为止，大约96%的病例和死亡都集中在一个国家：刚果民主共和国。
But the WHO and others are concerned that a new version of the viral disease could spread more easily among people.
但世界卫生组织和其他机构担心，新版本的猴痘毒株可能更容易在人与人之间传播。
The Associated Press recently reported some of the information known about the current mpox outbreak.
美联社最近报道了一些已知的关于当前猴痘爆发的信息。
Mpox is also known as monkeypox.
Mpox也被称为猴痘。
The United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says the viral disease was first identified by scientists in 1958 when outbreaks of a “pox-like” disease appeared in monkeys.
美国疾病控制和预防中心说，科学家在1958年首次发现这种病毒，当时在猴子身上爆发了一种类似天花的疾病。
Until recently, most human cases involved people in central and West Africa who had contact with infected animals.
直到最近，大多数人类病例都涉及中非和西非接触过受感染动物的人。
In 2022, experts confirmed that the virus could be spread through sex.
2022年，专家证实该病毒可以通过性行为传播。
Outbreaks were reported in more than 70 countries that had not reported the disease before.
据报道，70多个以前没有报告过这种疾病的国家爆发了疫情。
Mpox belongs to the same virus family as smallpox.
猴痘与天花属于同一病毒家族。
It causes symptoms like high body temperature, chills and body pain.
它会引起体温升高、发冷和身体疼痛等症状。
People with serious cases can develop lesions on the face, hands, chest and sex organs.
病情严重的人可能会在面部、手、胸部和性器官出现损害。
The number of cases has increased sharply in the last few weeks.
在过去的几周里，病例数量急剧增加。
The Africa CDC said the disease has been identified in at least 13 African countries.
非洲疾控中心表示，至少有13个非洲国家发现了这种疾病。
Compared to the same period last year, the agency said cases have increased by 160 percent and deaths by 19 percent.
该机构表示，与去年同期相比，病例增加了160%，死亡人数增加了19%。
The version of mpox seen in the Democratic Republic of the Congo could kill up to 10 percent of people infected.
在刚果民主共和国出现的这种版本的猴痘可能会导致高达10%的感染者死亡。
Unlike earlier mpox outbreaks, where lesions were mostly seen on the chest, hands and feet, the new form of mpox causes less severe symptoms.
与早期的猴痘爆发不同，早期猴痘患者的损害主要出现在胸部、手和脚上，而猴痘新毒株引起的症状并没有那么严重。
This could make the disease harder to identify.
这可能会使这种疾病更为隐匿。
The WHO said mpox was recently reported for the first time in four East African countries: Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda and Uganda.
世卫组织表示，最近在四个东非国家首次报告了猴痘：布隆迪、肯尼亚、卢旺达和乌干达。
All of those cases were linked to the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
这些国家的所有病例都与刚果民主共和国有关。
In the Ivory Coast and South Africa, health officials have reported a less dangerous version of mpox than the one that spread in 2022.
在科特迪瓦（象牙海岸）和南非，卫生官员报告了一种没有2022年传播的那种毒株凶险的猴痘。
The WHO's emergency declaration is meant to get donors to provide money for a campaign against the disease.
世卫组织的紧急声明是为了让捐赠者为抗击这种疾病提供资金。
African CDC Director General Dr. Jean Kaseya said the agency's declaration of a public emergency was meant "to mobilize our institutions, our collective will and our resources."
非洲疾病控制与预防中心总干事让·卡西亚博士说，该机构宣布进入公共紧急状态的目的是“动员我们的机构、我们的集体意愿和我们的资源。”
Michael Marks teaches medicine at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.
迈克尔·马克斯在伦敦卫生和热带医学院教授医学。
He said, “It is clear that current control strategies aren't working and there is a clear need for more resources.
他说：“目前的控制策略显然不起作用，显然需要更多的资源。”
Most of the cases during the 2022 outbreak of the viral disease were gay and bisexual men.
2022年埃博拉疫情爆发期间，大多数病例都出现在同性恋和双性恋男性中。
The virus was spread through close contact and sex.
该病毒通过密切接触和性行为传播。
Although similar things are happening in Africa, children under the age of 15 now make up more than 70 percent of mpox cases and 85 percent of deaths in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
虽然非洲情况也类似，但但15岁以下的儿童现在占刚果民主共和国猴痘病例的70%以上，占死亡人数的85%。
WHO chief Tedros said officials are dealing with several outbreaks and, what he called, "different modes of transmission and different levels of risk."
世卫组织总干事谭德塞说，官员们正在应对几起疫情，以及他所说的“不同的传播方式和不同的风险水平”。
Greg Ramm is with the aid group Save the Children.
格雷格·拉姆是援助组织救助儿童组织的成员。
He said his organization is worried about mpox spreading in crowded refugee camps.
他说，他的组织担心猴痘病毒会在拥挤的难民营中传播。
He said there were 345,000 children living in unhealthy conditions in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo.
他说，刚果民主共和国东部有34.5万名儿童生活在不健康的环境中。
Ramm added that the country's health system is already “collapsing” because of malnutrition, measles and cholera.
拉姆补充说，由于营养不良、麻疹和霍乱，该国的卫生系统已经在“崩溃”。
Dr. Boghuma Titanji is an infectious disease expert at Emory University in the American state of Georgia.
博古玛·泰坦吉博士是美国佐治亚州埃默里大学的传染病专家。
She said it is unclear why the disease is mostly affecting children in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
她说，目前还不清楚为什么这种疾病主要影响的是刚果民主共和国的儿童。
She said children might become infected more easily or social conditions like overcrowding or infected parents might explain the problem.
她说，儿童可能更容易被感染，或者过度拥挤或父母被感染等社会状况也可能解释这种现象的原因。
The AP says in 2022, developed countries stopped the outbreak of mpox with treatments and vaccines.
美联社表示，2022年，发达国家通过治疗和疫苗阻止了猴痘的爆发。
But few vaccines are available in Africa.
但在非洲几乎没有疫苗可用。
Marks said the immunization would likely help — including vaccination against the similar smallpox virus.
马克斯说，免疫接种可能会有所帮助，包括接种类似的天花病毒疫苗。
He said, “We need a large supply of vaccine so that we can vaccinate populations most at risk.”
他说：“我们需要大量的疫苗供应，这样才能为最危险的人群接种疫苗。”
He said that would mean vaccinating children, sex workers and adults in affected areas.
他说，这将意味着为受影响地区的儿童、性工作者和成年人接种疫苗。
The WHO has already released $1.45 million of emergency money for mpox.
世界卫生组织已经为水痘发放了145万美元的紧急资金。
But the U.N. agency says $15 million is needed to start efforts to combat the disease.
但是联合国机构表示，开始抗击这种病毒，需要1500万美元的资金。
I'm Mario Ritter, Jr.
我是小马里奥·里特。
