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When peanuts are dropped into a glass of beer, they sink to the bottom before floating up and "dancing" in the glass.
把花生放入一杯啤酒中，它们会先沉到底部，然后浮起来，在杯子里“跳舞”。
Scientists investigated this process in a study involving the alcoholic drink beer.
科学家在一项涉及酒精饮料啤酒的研究中调查了这一过程。
It appeared recently in the publication Royal Society Open Science.
这项研究最近发表在《皇家学会开放科学》杂志上。
The scientists say the research helps them understand mineral extraction or bubbling magma in the layer of Earth called the crust.
科学家表示，这项研究有助于他们理解地壳中的矿物提取或冒泡的岩浆。
Brazilian researcher Luiz Pereira is the study's lead writer.
巴西研究员路易斯·佩雷拉是这项研究的主要作者。
He told the French news agency AFP that he first had the idea when passing through Argentina's capital Buenos Aires to learn Spanish.
他告诉法新社，他是在途径阿根廷首都布宜诺斯艾利斯学习西班牙语时产生这个想法的。
It was a "bartender thing" in the city to take a few peanuts and drop them into beers, Pereira said.
佩雷拉说，在城市里，把几颗花生放进啤酒里是“酒保的事情”。
Because the peanuts are more dense than the beer, they first sink to the bottom of the glass.
因为花生的密度比啤酒大，所以它们首先会沉到杯底。
Then each peanut becomes what is called a "nucleation site."
然后，每颗花生就变成了所谓的“成核点”。
Hundreds of tiny bubbles of carbon dioxide form on their surface.
它们的表面形成了数百个微小的二氧化碳气泡。
The bubbles act as flotation devices that carry the peanuts upward.
这些气泡就像浮力装置一样将花生向上拖动。
"The bubbles prefer to form on the peanuts rather than on the glass...," said Pereira, a researcher at Germany's Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich.
德国慕尼黑路德维希·马克西米连大学的研究员佩雷拉说：“气泡更喜欢在花生上形成，而不是在玻璃杯上形成。”
When the bubbles reach the surface, they burst.
当气泡到达水面时，它们就会破裂。
The peanuts sink again before newly formed bubbles send the peanuts up again.
在新形成的气泡再次将花生送上来之前，花生会再次下沉。
Like a dance movement, the peanuts continue sinking and floating until the carbon dioxide runs out, or someone drinks the beer.
就像跳舞一样，花生不停地下沉和漂浮，直到二氧化碳耗尽，或者有人喝了啤酒。
In the experiments, the team of researchers in Germany, Britain and France examined how peanuts acted in what they called the "beer-gas-peanut system."
在实验中，德国、英国和法国的研究小组研究了花生在他们所谓的“啤酒-气体-花生系统”中的作用。
They found the larger the "contact angle" between the curve of an individual bubble and the surface of the peanut, the more likely it would grow.
他们发现，单个气泡的弧线与花生表面之间的“接触角”越大，它增大的可能性就越大。
But it cannot grow too much — less than 1.3 millimeters across is best, the study said.
研究称，但它不能长得太大——直径最好小于1.3毫米。
Pereira said he hoped that "by deeply researching this simple system, which everyone can grasp, we can understand a system" that would be useful for industry or explaining natural processes.
佩雷拉说，他希望“通过深入研究这个每个人都能掌握的简单系统，我们可以理解一个对工业或解释自然过程有用的系统”。
For example, he said the flotation process was similar to the one used to separate iron from ore.
例如，他说，浮选过程类似于从矿石中分离铁的过程。
Air is injected into a mixture in which a mineral, such as iron, "will rise because bubbles attach themselves more easily to it, while other (minerals) sink to the bottom," he said.
他说，将空气注入到一种混合物中，其中一种矿物，如铁，“将会上升，因为气泡更容易附着在它上面，而其他矿物则会沉入底部”。
The same process could also explain why volcano scientists find that the mineral magnetite rises to higher layers in Earth's crust than would be expected.
同样的过程也可以解释为什么火山科学家发现矿物磁铁矿在地壳中能上升到比预期更高的层。
Like peanuts, magnetite is more dense and should sit at the bottom.
像花生一样，磁铁矿的密度更大，所以应该位于底部。
But the researchers suggest, a high contact angle causes gas bubbles that carry the mineral up through the magma.
但研究人员认为，高接触角会产生气泡，从而使矿物质通过岩浆向上移动。
Science is never settled, especially when beer is involved.
科学从来没有定论，尤其是当涉及啤酒的时候。
So, Pereira said the scientists hope to create a better model of the dancing peanut action by continuing to experiment with "different peanuts and different beers."
因此，佩雷拉说，科学家希望通过继续试验“不同的花生和不同的啤酒”来创建一个更好的花生舞蹈动作模型。
I'm Dorothy Gundy.
多萝茜·甘迪为您播报。
译文为可可英语翻译，未经授权请勿转载！
