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Nine out of 10 American adults have unhealthy metabolisms, mostly because of the food they eat.
十分之九的美国成年人有不健康的新陈代谢，主要是因为他们吃的食物。
Experts say it might be time for the government to regulate what Americans put in their mouths.
专家表示，现在可能是政府监管美国人嘴里的食物的时候了。
Dariush Mozaffarian is a heart doctor at Tufts University in Massachusetts.
达里什·莫扎法里安是马萨诸塞州塔夫茨大学的一名心脏科医生。
He said the food industry is the only area of the economy "where we have the majority of products being knowingly dangerous, and we leave it up" to the public to decide what to have.
他说，食品产业是经济中唯一的“我们知道大多数产品都很危险，却依然将其交给”公众去决定吃什么的领域。
If there is a product that hurts people, "we get rid of it," Mozaffarian said.
莫扎法里安说，如果有一种产品伤害了人们，“我们就会把它扔掉。”
To look at someone's metabolic health, doctors measure things like blood sugar, cholesterol and blood pressure.
为了观察一个人的新陈代谢的健康状况，医生会测量血糖、胆固醇和血压等指标。
People who are in poor metabolic health are at increased risk of getting diabetes, heart disease and other serious health problems.
新陈代谢健康状况不佳的人患糖尿病、心脏病和其他严重健康问题的风险会增加。
"When you have nine out of 10 adults being metabolically unhealthy, largely due to diet-related illnesses, you know we have a broken system," Mozaffarian said.
莫扎法里安说：“当有十分之九的成年人新陈代谢不健康，且很大程度上是由饮食相关的疾病导致的，你就知道我们的系统已经崩溃了。”
A big part of the problem is that Americans eat a lot of junk food.
很大一部分问题是美国人吃了很多垃圾食品。
Junk foods are processed foods like sweets or potato chips that provide little nutritional value and are high in fat, salt and sugar.
垃圾食品是像糖果或薯片这样的加工食品，它们几乎没有营养价值，而且脂肪、盐和糖含量都很高。
A study by the National Institutes of Health found that junk foods account for 1 out every 7 calories in adults and 1 out of every 5 calories in children.
美国国立卫生研究院的一项研究发现，成年人每7卡路里中就有1卡路里来自垃圾食品，儿童每5卡路里中就有1卡路里来自垃圾食品。
Junk foods are hard to resist because they contain things the body wants and needs.
（人们）很难抗拒垃圾食品，因为它们含有身体想要和需要的东西。
Sweet, salty and fatty foods "are things that are very necessary to live, they're energy providing," said Linda Bartoshuk.
琳达·巴托舒克说，甜的、咸的和油腻的食物“是生活的必需品，它们能提供能量。”
She is a professor of food science at the University of Florida.
她是佛罗里达大学的食品科学教授。
The problem, she said, is that the body has a hard time knowing when to stop wanting them.
她说，问题是身体很难知道什么时候该停止需要它们。
"We take in too much salt, too much sugar, too much fat, and it produces all kinds of illnesses," Bartoshuk said.
巴托舒克说：“我们摄入了太多的盐、糖和脂肪，这会导致各种疾病。”
Mozaffarian is among health experts who are calling for more policies to help Americans eat healthier foods.
莫扎法里安是呼吁更多政策来帮助美国人吃更健康食品的健康专家之一。
He would like to see the federal government improve nutrition in existing food programs, like the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) and Meals on Wheels.
他希望看到联邦政府改善现有食品计划中的营养状况，如“补充营养援助计划(SNAP)”和“膳食车轮(Meals On Wheels)”。
SNAP provides financial aid to poor families to buy food, and Meals on Wheels delivers meals to older Americans.
SNAP为贫困家庭购买食物提供经济援助，“膳食车轮”为美国老人送餐。
Mozaffarian also thinks food nutrition should be included in the health care system.
莫扎法里安还认为，食品营养应该包括在医疗保健体系中。
Even though Americans are getting less healthy, the United States spent $3.8 trillion on health care in 2019.
尽管美国人的健康状况越来越差，但2019年美国在医疗保健方面的支出仍高达3.8万亿美元。
Doctors, for example, could write prescriptions for healthy foods that are partially or fully paid for, Mozaffarian said.
莫扎法里安说，例如，医生可以开出健康食品的处方，这些处方是部分或全额付费的。
He also thinks there could be more nutritional education for health care workers, and students in medical school.
他还认为，可以对医护人员和医学院的学生进行更多的营养教育。
And while Mozaffarian believes nutritional education would be effective, changing Americans' diet is most important, he said.
他说，虽然莫扎法里安认为营养教育是有效的，但改变美国人的饮食是最重要的。
"We're going to need to fix the food, right, so that parents and kids who are busy and out wanting to enjoy their lives can get nutritious, affordable food," he said.
他说：“我们需要修复食物，对吧，这样那些忙碌的父母和孩子才能享受他们的生活，才能得到有营养的、负担得起的食物。”
I'm Dan Novak.
丹·诺瓦克为您播报。
译文为可可英语翻译，未经授权请勿转载！
