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When you become pregnant, carry a baby, and give birth, you undergo what is likely to be the most transformative experience in your adult life—you become a mother.
当你怀孕生子时，你将经历成年生活中最具变革性的经历——成为一名母亲。
For thousands of years, this metamorphosis occurred within the tribe of the extended family, where other women, who have had that experience, were able to provide physical care and offer mental support.
几千年来，这种蜕变发生在大家庭的部落中，在那里，有过这种经历的其他女性能够提供身体护理和精神支持。
There was a village to raise the child. Today, you may embark on this journey alone.
有一个村庄抚养孩子。今天，你可能独自踏上这段旅程。
As a result, you may feel lonely, anxious, or severely stressed. Five factors can make your journey to motherhood miserable.
因此，你可能会感到孤独、焦虑或极度紧张。五个因素会让你成为母亲的旅程变得痛苦。
First, and most obviously, pregnancy alters the female physique — your body changes.
首先，也是最明显的，怀孕会改变女性的体格——你的身体会发生变化。
Your feet may grow, your eyesight might deteriorate and the child's birth can painfully damage your body.
你的脚可能会长大，你的视力可能会下降，孩子的出生会给你的身体带来痛苦的伤害。
While some discover a deeper love for themselves or develop a new connection to their femininity, for others these changes can be hard to accept and recover from.
虽然有些人会发现对自己有了更深的爱，或者与自己的女性气质建立了新的联系，但对另一些人来说，这些变化可能很难接受和恢复。
Your mind is affected by hormonal fluctuations. Your estrogen levels, which act like a mood stabilizer, tend to increase tenfold during pregnancy.
你的思想受到荷尔蒙波动的影响。雌激素水平就像情绪稳定剂，在怀孕期间往往会增加十倍。
Then, right after delivery, they drop sharply and return to pre-conception levels only three days later. This often results in intense mood swings and may even trigger depressions.
然后在分娩后，雌激素水平急剧下降，仅三天后就恢复到受孕前的水平。这通常会导致情绪剧烈波动，甚至可能引发抑郁症。
Then there is your baby, a tiny human being you must protect and nurture, often day and night, for years to come.
还有你的宝宝，你必须在未来几年里日夜保护和养育这个小人儿。
The ongoing crying might push you to your limits. And if the baby falls sick, you may feel worried and helpless.
持续不断的哭闹可能会让你达到忍耐的极限。如果宝宝生病了，你可能会感到担忧和无助。
And while many mothers also feel an overwhelming amount of unconditional love for their newborn, others need more time for these feelings to develop—a realization that can be deeply disturbing.
虽然许多母亲也对新生儿怀有无条件的爱，但其他人需要更多的时间来培养这些感情——这种认识可能会让人深感不安。
Then there is the loss of your old self. You might have had a thriving career or a vivid social life before your pregnancy, but with childbirth, all of that comes to an end.
然后是失去旧的自我。在怀孕之前，你可能拥有蒸蒸日上的事业或活跃的社交生活，但随着分娩，所有这些都将结束。
For those who feel unhappy in their new role, the loss of their old identity can be daunting. You may wonder if you'll ever lead a normal life again.
对于那些在新角色中感到不快乐的人来说，失去旧身份可能是令人畏惧的。您可能想知道自己是否还能过上正常的生活。
And if you do return to your former life you may be labeled as a bad mother. Lastly, there are overwhelming expectations.
如果您真的回到以前的生活，您可能会被贴上“坏妈妈”的标签。最后，还有压倒性的期望。
New mothers are expected to instantly bond with their baby, master breastfeeding, take care of their partners, regain their pre-pregnancy bodies, and seamlessly balance work and family life.
新妈妈需要立即与宝宝建立亲密关系、掌握母乳喂养、照顾伴侣、恢复怀孕前的身材，并无缝平衡工作和家庭生活。
The societal pressure to do all of that can lead to intense feelings of inadequacy.
社会压力会导致强烈的不足感。
Add to these factors the severe lack of sleep, constant nighttime feedings, diaper changes, and hours spent soothing a baby, and it's not surprising that you may, at times, wish you could go back to your old life.
除了这些因素外，严重缺乏睡眠、夜间不断喂奶、换尿布以及花数小时安抚宝宝，您有时希望回到以前的生活也就不足为奇了。
Some mothers may also develop dark thoughts, often accompanied by feelings of shame and guilt.
一些母亲还可能产生阴暗的想法，常常伴有羞耻和内疚的感觉。
This maternal mental stress can range from mild forms of baby blues to postpartum depression, up until postpartum psychosis.
这种产后精神压力可以从轻度产后忧郁症到产后抑郁症，直至产后精神病。
Baby blues refers to light mood swings and feelings of sadness within the first few days to weeks after childbirth, that typically resolve on their own.
产后忧郁症是指产后几天到几周内出现的轻微情绪波动和悲伤情绪，通常会自行消退。
It's often the direct result of changing hormones and affects up to 4 in 5 new mothers.
这通常是激素变化的直接结果，影响多达五分之四的新妈妈。
Postpartum depression (PPD) is a severe and longer-lasting form of depression that occurs after childbirth.
产后抑郁症(PPD)是一种严重且持续时间较长的抑郁症，发生在产后。
PPD may require medical intervention and can last for several months. Symptoms include overwhelming fatigue, persistent sadness, and difficulty bonding with the baby.
PPD可能需要医疗干预，并且可能持续数月。症状包括极度疲劳、持续悲伤和难以与婴儿建立联系。
The condition affects close to 10% of new mothers. Postpartum psychosis (PPP) is a severe mental health emergency and affects about 1 of every 1,000 mothers.
这种疾病影响了近10%的新妈妈。产后精神病(PPP)是一种严重的心理健康紧急情况，每1000名母亲中就有1名受到影响。
Symptoms can include hallucinations, extreme agitation, and insomnia—which when combined can threaten the life of both newborn and mother.
症状可能包括幻觉、极度焦虑和失眠——这些症状结合在一起会威胁新生儿和母亲的生命。
In most modern societies, PPP is the leading cause of death for new mothers.
在大多数现代社会中，PPP是新妈妈死亡的主要原因。
There are 4 ways to help: Clear protocols can ensure that medical professionals check their patients' mental well-being already during pregnancy and especially after child birth.
有四种方法可以提供帮助：明确的规程可以确保医疗专业人员在怀孕期间，尤其是分娩后检查患者的心理健康状况。
The presence of a partner, family, friends, or an experienced midwife may work wonders.
伴侣、家人、朋友或经验丰富的助产士的陪伴可能会产生奇效。
The best solution is often a support group where new mothers can share how they feel with those who have been through the same — this can also be online.
最好的解决方案通常是成立一个支持小组，新妈妈可以与同样经历的人分享自己的感受——这也可以在网上进行。
If things get seriously bad, medication might be the only way to prevent a tragedy. And help matters!
如果情况变得非常糟糕，药物可能是防止悲剧发生的唯一方法。帮助很重要！
Because behind every baby we're so warmly welcome to this world, there may well be an adult who needs as much attention as the little one.
因为在我们如此热情地欢迎来到这个世界的每个婴儿背后，可能都有一个需要像孩子一样多关注的成年人。
As the philosopher Osho once said, "When a child is born, a mother is born."
正如哲学家奥修所言，“当一个孩子出生时，一位母亲随之诞生。”
