评论
打印
We may all be familiar with the irritation arising when something doesn't go as we wish. We feel our heartbeat increasing and our muscles tensing.
我们可能都熟悉当事情不如所愿时产生的烦躁情绪。我们感到心跳加速，肌肉紧张。
Our frustrations build up to the point of physical shaking, and we feel we're about to explode.
我们的挫败感累积到身体颤抖的程度，我们觉得自己就要爆发了。
And so, when the dams of our self-constraint breach, our anger unleashes as floodwaters, out to destroy everything in its way. We feel relieved after that.
当我们自我约束的堤坝被突破时，我们的愤怒就会像洪水一样爆发，摧毁一切。之后我们会感到如释重负。
After all, we've expressed our anger, which is considered the best way to manage it, right?
毕竟，我们已经表达了愤怒，这被认为是控制愤怒的最佳方式，对吧？
Although we may experience solace after releasing anger, science shows this method isn't a good way to deal with it.
虽然我们在释放愤怒后可能会感到安慰，但科学表明这种方法并不是处理愤怒的好方法。
Moreover, venting anger may even make matters worse, as it can lead to behavior we may regret later. We celebrate and even glamorize anger as a society.
此外，发泄愤怒甚至可能使事情变得更糟，因为它可能导致我们事后后悔的行为。我们整个社会都在庆祝甚至美化愤怒。
We just have to look at movies and television series where the protagonists resort to anger as something heroic.
我们只需看看电影和电视剧，主角们诉诸愤怒是英雄事迹。
Strong women and masculine men respond with anger, and violence is the means of dealing with the enemy.
坚强的女人和阳刚的男人会以愤怒回应，暴力是与敌人打交道的手段。
Anger has even become a sign of virtue, as current outrage culture portrays: angrily yelling "How dare you!" into a microphone is what improving the world looks like.
愤怒甚至成为一种美德的标志，正如当前的愤怒文化所描绘的那样：对着麦克风愤怒地大喊“你敢！”就是改善世界的样子。
We see anger as a sign of strength, a transformational force to get what we want, and a legitimate and effective way of expressing discontent.
我们将愤怒视为力量的象征，一种获得想要的东西的变革力量，以及表达不满的合法有效方式。
We often regard the expression of anger as therapeutic, as if, by "letting it out," we're blowing off steam from a steam engine.
我们常常认为表达愤怒是一种治疗，就好像通过“发泄”，我们是在发泄蒸汽机的蒸汽。
And so, we often indulge in venting anger in various ways as we celebrate and value anger for its utility. But should we believe the hype?
我们经常沉迷于以各种方式发泄愤怒，因为我们庆祝和重视愤怒的实用性。但我们应该相信这种炒作吗？
This video shows why we shouldn't vent anger and why we're better off preventing and reducing this emotion altogether.
这段视频展示了为什么我们不应该发泄愤怒，以及为什么我们最好完全预防和减少这种情绪。
Once upon a time, a demon visited a Buddhist temple. It was a frightening creature rampaging around in the meditation hall.
从前，一个恶魔造访了一座佛教寺庙。它是一个可怕的生物，在冥想大厅里横冲直撞。
The monks were terrified and reacted with fear and anger, trying to chase away the demon by shouting and scolding it.
僧侣们惊恐万分，他们表现出恐惧和愤怒，试图通过大喊大叫和责骂来赶走恶魔。
However, each time the monks displayed hostility and aggression, the demon grew larger and more frightening.
然而，每次僧侣们表现出敌意和攻击性时，恶魔就会变得更大更可怕。
When the head monk returned from a trip and saw the demon, he took a different approach.
当住持从旅行中回来看到恶魔时，他采取了不同的方法。
Instead of reacting with fear or anger, he greeted the uninvited guest with calmness and compassion.
他没有表现出恐惧或愤怒，而是以平静和同情的态度迎接这位不速之客。
The other monks were surprised when the demon began to shrink, as the head monk overwhelmed it with kindness. Eventually, it shrunk so much that it completely disappeared.
当住持用仁慈制服恶魔时，其他僧侣惊讶地发现恶魔开始缩小。最后，恶魔缩小了很多，完全消失了。
The Buddhist approach to dealing with anger may seem unusual from a cultural view that considers the appropriate response to anger to be 'more anger.'
文化观认为对愤怒的正确反应是“更多的愤怒”，而佛教处理愤怒的方法似乎不寻常。
But from the Buddhist viewpoint, we only throw more oil on the fire by answering anger with anger.
但从佛教的角度来看，我们以愤怒回应愤怒只会火上浇油。
The Buddhists consider anger a hindrance to attaining enlightenment, categorized as a form of 'ill will.'
佛教徒认为愤怒是获得启蒙的障碍，被归类为“恶意”的一种形式。
The Buddha disapproved of anger for a reason: it's a destructive emotion that leads to suffering.
佛陀反对愤怒是有原因的：愤怒是一种破坏性的情绪，会导致痛苦。
When angry, we often do things that we later regret, as the severity of this emotion clouds our judgment. It distorts reality.
生气时，我们经常会做一些事后后悔的事情，因为这种情绪的严重性会蒙蔽我们的判断力。它扭曲了现实。
So, we act, often destructively and with a warped view. Hence, the Buddha regarded anger as a "great stain" on the personality.
我们常常会采取破坏性的行为，并且带着扭曲的观点。因此，佛陀认为愤怒是人格上的“大污点”。
The Stoic philosopher Seneca the Younger voiced similar views in his book Of Anger.
斯多葛派哲学家小塞涅卡在他的《论愤怒》一书中表达了类似的观点。
He considered anger "temporary madness" that could lead to harmful action, and we're much better off preventing its arousal.
他认为愤怒是“暂时的疯狂”，可能会导致有害的行为，我们最好防止愤怒的爆发。
He criticized Aristotle's idea of useful anger. Seneca believed anger is never useful: there's no scenario in which using anger can lead to better outcomes than using reason.
他批评了亚里士多德关于有用愤怒的想法。塞涅卡认为愤怒永远没有用：在任何情况下，愤怒都不可能比理性带来更好的结果。
Even on the battlefield, anger does more harm than good. From a Stoic viewpoint, anger is not rooted in reason, as a reasonable person understands there's nothing to be angry about.
即使在战场上，愤怒的弊也大于利。从斯多葛学派的观点来看，愤怒并非源于理性，因为一个理性的人知道没有什么可生气的。
Therefore, a practiced Stoic rarely gets to the point of arousing anger, as that would mean he has betrayed reason. All in all, an angry outburst may cause irreparable damage.
因此，一个有修养的斯多葛学派很少会激起愤怒，因为那意味着他背叛了理性。总而言之，愤怒的爆发可能会造成无法弥补的伤害。
Hence, we notice that when we often throw temper tantrums, we begin losing friends, our significant others may not be so happy with us anymore, and people generally start to avoid us.
因此，我们注意到，当我们经常发脾气时，我们开始失去朋友，另一半可能不再对我们那么满意，人们通常开始避开我们。
Venting, therefore, may give us a sense of relief, but it also comes with a price.
因此，发泄可能会给我们一种解脱感，但也需要付出代价。
But still, suppose we don't pay the cost of hurting other people and destroying relationships. Is venting anger still a good idea?
但是，假设我们不付出伤害他人和破坏关系的代价。发泄愤怒仍然是一个好主意吗？
Perhaps in a controlled environment, as a therapeutic act to eliminate negative emotions and repressed aggression?
也许在受控环境中，作为一种消除负面情绪和压抑攻击性的治疗行为？
Didn't the Buddha see that a good, angry outburst is cathartic and makes us feel better?
佛陀难道没有看到，一次好的愤怒爆发是一种宣泄，让我们感觉更好吗？
The Buddhist monk Ajahn Sona states that anger is a form of unwise attention to the fault. The root of this emotion is aversion. We simply don't like our situation.
佛教僧侣阿姜索纳(Ajahn Sona)表示，愤怒是一种不明智的关注过错的形式。这种情绪的根源是厌恶。我们只是不喜欢自己的处境。
We want to push it away. We want it to disappear or even destroy it. Anger always arises with an unpleasant, negative feeling.
我们想把它推开。我们希望它消失甚至摧毁它。愤怒总是伴随着不愉快的负面情绪而产生。
Ajahn Sona emphasizes that venting anger, even with the intention of release, is also anger.
阿姜索纳强调，发泄愤怒，即使是出于释放的意图，也是愤怒。
I quote: "Some people think: 'When I shout and scream and hit pillows and stuff like this, I get the anger out.' No, you don't.
“有些人认为：‘当我大喊大叫、打枕头之类的东西时，我就能发泄愤怒。’不，你不会。
No, actually, you're experiencing anger all that time, and it's so unpleasant that it makes you want to scream and hit things.
不，实际上，你一直都在经历愤怒，这种感觉非常不愉快，让你想尖叫和打东西。
That's the connection between anger and those activities. Perhaps the anger subsides afterward, but what you've just done is set yourself up for more anger." End quote.
这就是愤怒和这些活动之间的联系。也许愤怒随后会平息，但你刚刚所做的就是让自己陷入更多的愤怒。”
Sona also argues that we feel relief after an angry outburst because the unpleasantness of anger simply isn't there anymore, not because we've "let it out," so to speak.
索纳还认为，我们在愤怒爆发后感到解脱，是因为愤怒的不愉快根本不存在了，而不是因为我们“发泄出来了”。
But why should we believe these philosophers and religious figures? Well, it turns out that scientific research aligns with their claims.
但我们为什么要相信这些哲学家和宗教人物呢？事实证明，科学研究与他们的说法一致。
At first sight, it would make logical sense that an angry outburst works as a catharsis.
乍一看，愤怒的爆发是一种宣泄，这在逻辑上是有道理的。
After all, releasing anger seems a practical solution after it's been building up inside.
毕竟，愤怒在内心积聚后，释放愤怒似乎是一个切实可行的解决方案。
Often, people report feeling relieved after a fit of rage, as if they've returned to a pleasant state of equilibrium after getting the poison out.
人们经常报告说，在暴怒之后感到解脱，就好像他们在排泄出毒素后恢复了愉快的平衡状态。
It's like going to the toilet: the only way to eliminate the pressure of built-up excretion.
这就像上厕所：这是消除排泄压力的唯一方法。
