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In this episode, I am going to teach you two words that look very similar, but mean opposite things.
在这一集中，我将教你两个看起来非常相似但意思却相反的单词。
And the two words are childish and childlike. Childish and childlike. That's childish: c-h-i-l-d-i-s-h. And childlike: c-h-i-l-d-l-i-k-e.
这两个单词是childish和childlike。
You have probably seen other words that use that -ish ending. This is a suffix that attaches to the end of nouns to make adjectives.
你可能见过其他-ish结尾的单词。这是一个后缀，可以附加在名词末尾以构成形容词。
For instance, the word foolish. That is the noun fool and this -ish (i-s-h) suffix. Foolish. That means "similar to a fool."
例如，foolish这个词。这是名词fool加上-ish后缀。意思是“类似于傻瓜”。
And you have probably seen the suffix -like before. This also attaches to nouns to make adjectives.
你可能以前见过后缀-like。它也附加在名词后面以构成形容词。
For instance, the word plantlike. Plantlike: p-l-a-n-t-l-i-k-e. Plantlike means "similar to a plant."
例如，plantlike这个词。意思是“类似于植物”。
When you look at the words childish and childlike, you might think they mean the same thing. You might think that they both mean "similar to a child."
当你看到childish和childlike这两个词时，你可能会认为它们的意思是一样的。你可能会认为它们都意味着“和孩子一样”。
And in a way, you would be correct. They do both mean "similar to a child," but they mean this in very different ways.
从某种程度上来说，你是对的。它们都意味着“像孩子一样”，但它们的意思非常不同。
Childish means "similar to a child," but it usually means "similar to the negative traits of a child." What are the negative traits of a child?
Childish 的意思是“类似于孩子”，但它通常意味着“类似于孩子的负面特征”。孩子的负面特征是什么？
Well, we often think of children as being impatient and unreasonable and selfish. Now, of course children are not always those things, but sometimes they are.
我们经常认为孩子没有耐心、不讲道理、自私。当然，孩子并不总是这样，但有时确实如此。
And we can refer to people, to adults who are acting in that way, as childish. If an adult is acting selfish or impatient or unreasonable, we might say that adult is being childish.
我们可以把那些表现出这种行为的成年人称为childish。如果一个成年人表现得自私、没有耐心或不讲道理，我们可能会说这个成年人很childish。
They are similar to a child, but in a negative way. Okay. Well then what about childlike? Childlike means "similar to a child, but in a positive way."
他们和孩子很相似，但是一种消极的方式。那么childlike呢？它意味着“与孩子相似，但具有积极意义”。
What are the positive traits of children? We often think of children as playful and curious about the world and innocent.
孩子有哪些积极特征？我们经常认为孩子活泼、对世界充满好奇，而且天真无邪。
We can describe somebody—we can describe an adult—as childlike if they also are playful and curious about the world and innocent.
如果一个人（我们可以形容一个成年人）也活泼、对世界充满好奇，而且天真无邪，那么我们就可以称其为childlike。
In other words, we are saying they are similar to a child, but in the positive way.
换句话说，我们说他们与孩子相似，但具有积极意义。
Childish and childlike: two words that kind of mean the same thing, but also are kind of opposites.
childish和childlike这两个词的意思差不多，但也有点相反。
