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Hi. Welcome to www.engvid.com. I'm Adam.
欢迎来到英格威学习网。我是亚当。
In today's video I want to talk to you about some business English,
在今天的视频中，我将教大家一些商务英语，
but more specifically, we're going to talk about meetings, business meetings and what goes on there,
更具体来说，我们将谈论会议，商业会议和开会时的用语。
and some of the vocabulary you will need to know if you have to go to some of these meetings.
还有你参加商业会议时需要知道的词汇。
Okay, we have a bunch of words here. I'm going to go through each one, make sure you understand what it is.
今天有很多要讲的词汇。我会逐一讲述，确保你明白它的意思。
So, every meeting has to have an "agenda". Actually I'll stand on this side a little bit.
每次会议都有一个议程。实际上我需要站在这边一点。
Every meeting has to have an agenda. What is an "agenda"?
每次会议都有一个议程。什么是“议程”？
An agenda is basically the plan or the list of topics that need to be covered in this meeting.
议程基本上就是会议上需要讨论的计划或主题的清单。
Right? So by the end of the meeting you have to cover these points, and then the meeting can break up or whatever. Okay?
所以在会议结束前，你得谈论这些要点，然后大家的会议结束或去做其他的事情。
So that's the plan. We also use this for other situations, like somebody has an agenda, means somebody has a goal they're after.
这就是计划。我们也可以在其他情境下使用这个词，比如某个人有一个计划，意思就是他有一个追逐的目标。
In a business meeting, the plan. The goal is to finish these lists... The list of priorities.
在商业会议中，目标就是完成清单...首要事项的清单。
At a meeting someone will be "designated" to take notes.
开会时有人会被指定来做记录。
Okay? So, "you designate" means you choose someone or you assign someone a specific task.
“你指定”的意思是你来选择某人或者安排某人一项具体的任务。
Okay? So, every... Every meeting somebody else takes a turn or sometimes some big companies have one person whose job is to take those notes.
每次会议都有人轮流发言，有时一些大公司会有一个人负责做记录。
Now, those notes are called "minutes", like the same minute... Like, you think about it in terms of time.
这些记录叫做会议记录，就是分钟这个词...在时间的角度思考它。
"Minutes" are the notes or the summary of a meeting.
会议记录是会议的总结或记录。
Okay? At the end of the meeting the person who was designated to take the notes will go back to his or her desk,
会议结束时，被指定做记录的人会回到他或她的办公桌前，
and type up a list of the main highlights of the meeting, and whatever goals were achieved, whatever items need to be discussed next meeting, etc.
把会议的主要事情、会议的目标、下次会议需要讨论的事项等都列出来。
So, notes. Now, somebody might put forward a "motion". Okay? "Put forward a motion".
这就是记录。有人可能会提出一项动议。提出一项动议。
A motion is basically the same idea as a proposal. Somebody says: "Okay, I think we need to do this. Let's vote on it."
动议基本上与提案的意思相同。有人说：“好吧，我认为我们需要这样做。让我们投票表决吧。”
So anything that needs to be voted on is called a motion. Okay? Their idea, their plan, their suggestion, etc.
所以任何需要投票表决的议案都被称为动议。好吧？他们的想法、计划、建议等等。
After somebody puts forward the motion, everybody else in the meeting room will have "deliberations".
有人提出动议后，会议室里的每个人都会进行“商议”。
Okay? They will deliberate on this motion. Basically they will discuss it.
他们会就这个动议进行商议。基本上他们会讨论它。
Everybody will say what they think, what they like, what they don't like.
每个人都会说出他们的想法，他们喜欢的地方，不喜欢的地方。
There'll be a general discussion about the motion, and that's called deliberations.
将会有一个关于动议的综合讨论，这叫做商议。
Sometimes these deliberations involve a "conference call".
有时这些讨论会包含“电话会议”。
A conference call is basically a call with people outside the meeting room,
电话会议就是和会议室外的人通话，
it could be on Skype, some sort of video program, it could be just a telephone call,
可能是用通话软件Skype开视频，也可能只是打电话。
but it's a speaker and everybody in the room can hear and be heard, and the person on the other end can be...Can hear and be heard as well.
但是会有扬声器，房间里的每个人和通话者都能互相听到。
So it's a conference call. Then everybody will "brainstorm" to come up with new ideas.
这就是电话会议。然后每个人会头脑风暴来构想新点子。
So, "brainstorming" is basically thinking, but thinking hard about a specific topic,
所以，头脑风暴基本上就是思考的意思，但是它是针对一个具体的话题进行努力思考，
and trying to come up with different ideas for that topic, how to do something, etc.
试图想到关于那个话题的不同的点子，如何做某件事等等。
Hopefully everybody in the room will "collaborate",
希望房间里的每个人都要合作，
people from different departments might come into a meeting to talk about a project or a product, or whatever, or a campaign.
不同部门的人可能一起参会，谈论一个项目或者一个产品，或者一个活动等等。
Everybody has to collaborate, everybody has to work together, that's what "collaborate" means.
每个人都要合作，每个人都要一起努力，这就是合作的意思。
A good company will have people who like to collaborate, they'll like to work as a team; some companies it's a bit more difficult.
一个好的公司会有喜欢合作的人，他们喜欢团队合作；有些公司会比较困难。
Then after the deliberations, after the brainstorming, after all their talk, it's time to vote. Okay?
在讨论和头脑风暴过后，每个人发言过后，就是投票的时间了。
So everybody will "cast a ballot". We also talk about this when we talk about politics.
所以每个人都进行投票。我们在讨论政治的时候也会讲到这个。
After the campaign for a political position, the public goes to cast a ballot. They go to the ballot box to vote.
在一个官方职位竞选活动过后，公众会进行投票。他们去投票箱投票。
So, "cast a ballot", vote. Now, there are different ways to do it. There's a secret ballot. Okay?
所以"cast a ballot"就是投票的意思。投票可分为几种不同的方式。有一种就是不记名投票。
If you have a secret ballot, then everybody writes their answer,
如果你参加不记名投票，每个人都写下他们的答案，
their choice on a piece of paper, puts it into a box, and then somebody collects them: "Yes", "No", whatever.
在一张纸上写上自己的选择，放到一个箱子里，然后有人会把它们收集起来：看看人们持赞成或者反对等等意见。
There's an open ballot that everybody knows what everybody else is voting.
还有一种是公开投票，每个人都知道其他人的投票内容。
This is called "a show of hands". "Show of hands, who's for the project? Who's against?"
这种方式叫做举手表决。举手表决，谁赞成，谁反对？
Okay, and then more hands this side, this side wins; more hands this side, this side wins. "Show of hands".
哪一边的票数多，哪一边就赢得投票。这就是举手表决。
In a classroom a teacher might use this: "Okay, does everybody understand?
在教室里，老师可能会这样说：“好的，大家都明白了吗？
A show of hands. If you understand, put up your hand." Good.
举手表决。如果你明白了，就举手。”好。
Sometimes you'll hear: "The ayes have it".
有时你会听到：“赞成票更多”
Another way to vote is: -"All in favour, say, 'Aye'." -"Aye."
另外一种投票方式是：完全赞成就说，“赞成”。
All against, say: 'Nay'." -"Nay." More people have... Say: "Yes", the "Ayes", not these eyes, the ayes, this means yes.
完全反对就说：“反对”。"Ayes"就是赞成的意思。不是眼睛这个单词，这个单词意思就是赞成。
"The ayes have it" means the yes side wins. Okay?
“赞成票更多”意思就是赞成票一方赢得投票。
Now, hopefully you will reach a "consensus" or you will reach a "unanimous"-excuse me-decision.
但愿你们能达成“一致”或者你们能达到“全体一致”。
"Consensus" and "unanimous" are very similar words.
"Consensus"和"unanimous"是很相似的词汇。
"Consensus" means all or at least almost all.
"Consensus"意思是全体一致或者至少几乎是全体一致。
So if most of the people choose one side, then you have a consensus, then that's a good decision, everybody's on board.
所以如果大多数人选择了其中一方，那么你就有了一个共识，这是一个好决定，每个人都同意。
If it's unanimous, means everybody agrees or everybody disagrees.
如果是unanimous，意思是每个人都同意或不同意。
So, "unanimous" means everybody, all the people who are voting made the same choice. Okay?
所以"unanimous"的意思是全体一致，所有参加投票的人都做了相同的选择。
Now, sometimes if you can't make a meeting... Okay?
有时候你不能参加会议，
You're out of town on business or you're sick that day, but you want somebody to cast your ballot, vote for you, you can send a "proxy".
开会那天你出差或者是生病了，但是你想让某人来为你投票，你就可以找一个"proxy"。
A "proxy" basically means a substitute, somebody who will go in your place to vote in your name. Okay?
代理基本上意思就是替代者，某人会代替你以你的名义投票。
We also think... If you read the news you sometimes see, like: "proxy war".
我们也认为...如果你看新闻的话，有时你会看到，"proxy war"。
A "proxy war", when you have two very big countries, if for example, Russia and the United States decided to have a war,
代理人战争，比如说，有两个很大的国家美国和俄罗斯决定开战，
that would be a lot of destruction because they're both very big countries with very big militaries.
那会造成极大的破坏，因为他们都是军事实力很强的大国。
So if they want to fight but they don't want to fight directly, they will fight through smaller countries.
所以如果他们想要战争，但又不想直接战争，他们会通过小国来战争。
They will find a small country and a small country, and they will send these two countries to war as a proxy for themselves. Right?
他们会找到一个小国家和一个小国家，然后把这两个国家送上战场，作为他们自己的代理人。对吧？
In the business meeting it's not so bad, but it's still the same idea, it's a substitute.
在商业会议上它并不是很糟，但是也还是同样的理念，它是个代理人。
Okay, so then the meeting is all good, you have your ballot, you have your choice, everybody's in agreement, it's a consensus, etc.
所以这次会议很好，你可以投票，你有选择，每个人都同意，达成了一致，等等。
it's time to "wrap up". When you're wrapping up, basically you're bringing the meeting to a close. You finish all the last details.
是时候"wrap up"了。当你说结束的时候，基本上意思就是你要结束这个会议。你完成了所有的细节。
"Any questions? Any questions? No? Everybody's good? Okay, let's wrap it up.
“有什么问题吗？有什么问题吗？没有？每个人都好吗？好了，我们结束吧。
Everybody sign where they need to sign. See ya next week, next meeting."
每个人在对应的地方签字。下周下次会议见。”
And then you "adjourn". "Adjourn" means you basically end the meeting, or sometimes you suspend the meeting.
然后你“休会”。“Adjourn”意味着你基本上结束了会议，或者有时是暂停会议。
"Okay, this meeting is adjourned" means it's finished.
这句话就是说“这个会议结束了”。
"We're going to adjourn this meeting until next week", so it means we're going to take a break, we're going to come back and finish next time. Okay?
“我们要暂停这次会议，下周继续。”它的意思就是我们要暂停会议，下周回来继续开会。
"A-journ", the "d" is silent, you don't actually pronounce it.
单词中"d"是不发音的，你不用发出这个音。
So, there you go. You're ready to go to a business meeting in English and be able to handle all these different words.
就是这样。你已经准备好参加一个英文会议了，能够掌握所有这些词汇。
If you have any questions about them, please go to www.engvid.com, you can ask me in the forum.
如果你有什么问题，请登陆 www.engvid.com。你可以在论坛中向我提问。
You can take the quiz, make sure you understand all of these words.
你可以做一下小测验，确保你理解了所有的词汇。
Of course, subscribe to my channel if you like this lesson, and I'll see you again very soon. Bye-bye.
当然，如果你喜欢这堂课，请订阅我的油管频道，我会很快回来。
