评论
打印
Hi. Welcome to www.engvid.com. I'm Adam. In today's lesson we're going to talk about the Winter Olympics.
欢迎来到英格威学习网。我是亚当。在今天的课程里我们将谈论冬奥会。
They're just around the corner, and I figured it's a good idea that you know what's going on if you're interested in winter sports.
冬奥会就快来了，如果你对冬季运动感兴趣的话，了解一下这些项目是很好的事情。
I'm going to tell you about the different events that you can watch, and what the different words are that they're talking about on TV. Okay?
我会跟大家讲解你可以观看的不同赛事，以及人们在电视上谈论的不同的词汇。
Because this year the Olympics are in Pyeongchang, South Korea, which is the northern part of South Korea, but not North Korea.
因为今年的奥运会在韩国平昌举行，平昌位于韩国北部，但不是朝鲜。
It's a little bit confusing. The northern part of South Korea.
这有点令人困惑。韩国的北部。
And all the regular events are there, so I'm going to walk you through them and make sure you know which ones you like,
所有常见的项目都在这里，我会带大家讨论这些项目，发现自己喜欢的项目，
which ones you want to watch, adjust your calendars, your timetables
想观看的项目，进而调整你的日程安排和时间表。
because if you live in a different part of the world, you may have to watch them during the night.
因为如果你住在世界的另一个地方，你可能不得不在晚上看它们。
So, we're going to start with the events and then I'll give you some general Olympics' vocabulary.
所以我们就以这些项目开始，然后我会教大家一些常用的奥林匹克词汇。
Let's start with skating. Okay? We're going to... There're different events for skating.
让我们以滑冰开始吧。滑冰分好多种项目。
There's speed skating which happens around a long track, an oval track, and people basically race each other;
有速度滑冰，它是在一条长跑道上进行的，椭圆形跑道上，人们互相比赛；
then there's short track speed skating-sorry-and basically this is like a very short...
然后是短道速滑——抱歉——基本上这是一种非常短的...
It's almost like a little circle, and you have five or six guys,
它就像一个小圈子，共有五或六个人，
and they just basically have a race and they're trying to finish first; and whoever finished first, second, etc.
他们会彼此竞争，争取获得第一名；然后是第二名，等等。
they go on and they have a few rounds of this. Okay? They have different rounds,
他们会继续，进行几轮的比赛，
and the winner of each one or the top two of each race go to the next round, the next round until you have a final round,
每场比赛的前两名或第一名的获胜者进入下一轮，再到下一轮，直到你进入最后一轮。
and then the winner gets gold, second place gets silver, etc. or in bronze.
然后获胜者获得金牌，第二名获得银牌，等等，或者铜牌。
So, this is a very exciting event because there're always crashes, and they go around really, really fast, and they're like...
所以，这是一个非常令人兴奋的项目，因为总是会有碰撞，而且碰撞的速度非常非常快，就像...
Basically almost sideways because they're on their skates going around in a circle all the time, very exciting to watch.
基本上是侧着走，因为他们一直都穿着溜冰鞋绕着圈走，看起来很刺激。
Then, of course, there's figure skating, which is one of the more... One of the most popular events during the Winter Olympics.
然后，当然还有花样滑冰，这是冬奥会最受欢迎的项目之一。
There are men's, women's, and pairs figure skating, and I think there's also a dance figure skating, it's a little bit different.
有男子花样滑冰、女子花样滑冰和双人花样滑冰，我认为还有舞蹈花样滑冰，项目有点不同。
And basically they're on the rink, so the ice surface, or the... The building they're in is the arena and the actual ice surface is called a rink.
基本上他们是在溜冰场，所以冰面，或者...他们所在的建筑是竞技场，实际的冰面被称为溜冰场。
And there they do all kinds of performances. It's very acrobatic.
他们会在那里做各种各样的表演，非常有杂技性。
Now, you might hear all the different names of the movements they make, like double axel and cow something,
现在，你可能会听到他们做的所有不同的动作的名字，像两周半和牛之类的，
these I don't actually know because you have to actually know something about figure skating, but you can just watch it.
这些我不知道，因为你们必须知道一些关于花样滑冰的知识，但是你们可以看。
It's very beautiful to watch, beautiful music and they wear their costumes.
花样滑冰看起来很美，还有美丽的音乐，他们穿着他们的服装。
Their costumes are just basically they create for themselves, they're custom-made costumes you can call them,
他们的服装基本上是他们自己做的，它们是可以叫上名的定制的服装。
and they go around, they do all these acrobatic things.
他们四处漫游，做着各种的杂技动作。
There're two components to it, there's the technical and then there's the artistic.
有两个组成部分，有技术的部分，还有艺术的部分。
So they do this on two occasions, and they get a scaled score, basically up to six or five, 5.2, 5.5, etc.
他们会这样做两次，然后会得到一个标准分，基本上能高达6分或5分，或者5.2，5.3分。
and whoever has the best score, obviously gets the gold medal.
很明显，得分最高的人会收获金牌。
And the one component is the technical where they have to do certain number of routines, certain number of movements.
一个部分是技术，参赛者必须做一定数量的常规动作。
And the second one is artistic where they have to basically involve those movements,
第二部分是艺术，他们必须要把这些动作包含进去，
but also according to the music, according to the style, etc. Okay?
但是也得和音乐合拍，符合风格，等等。
Very popular. And of course they're wearing figure skates. That's the only real equipment they need, except for their costumes.
非常受欢迎。当然他们还穿着花样滑冰鞋。那是他们唯一真正需要的装备，除了他们的服装。
Speed skaters, they wear a different type of skate. It's a much longer blade, okay? So they're basically on blade.
速滑运动员穿的是不同类型的滑冰鞋。这冰刀要长得多，知道吗？所以他们基本上是在刀锋上。
They're basically on, like, two or three milli-... Or three or four millimetres of metal, that's all that's holding them up.
他们基本上是在大概2或3毫...或者3到4毫米的金属上，这就是支撑它们的全部。
Very sharp edges to the blades, and that's what they go around on, etc. Okay? So, figure skating.
刀刃的边缘很锋利，这就是它们的作用，等等。好吧？花样滑冰。
Skiing, that's another common and very popular sport in the Olympics. All types of different events that involve skiing.
滑雪，这是另一项在奥运会上很常见也很受欢迎的运动。各种各样的滑雪项目。
Alpine skiing is basically coming down a mountain, and there's a slalom, basically it's a very long...
高山滑雪基本上就是从山上滑下来，还有障碍滑雪，基本上它就是一条非常长的...
They're on the slope of the mountain, and it's a very long course. Okay? And they come down and whoever has the best time...
它们在山上的陡坡上，路程很长。他们滑下来，谁的时间最短...
So, there's two ways to do it, there's time and there's also races for different things, but Alpine is usually time trial.
它有两种方式，在时间或在其他方面竞争，但是高山滑雪通常是计时赛。
Now, there's cross-country skiing which is flat but long distance.
还有越野滑雪，它是平坦的，但距离很长。
It's like a marathon for runners, except they're doing it on skis. They're different types of skis. Their boot...
对于跑步者来说，这就像一场马拉松，只不过他们是在滑雪板上进行的。它们是不同类型的滑雪板。
Their ski boots are not tied down on the back so they can take steps, and they have much longer poles than the race skiers.
他们的滑雪靴没有绑在后面，所以他们可以迈步，而且他们的滑雪杖比竞速者长得多。
Then there's the Nordic-combined. The Nordic-combined is both Alpine and cross-country.
然后是北欧组合赛。北欧组合既包括高山滑雪又包括越野滑雪。
So sometimes they go down hills, and then sometimes they go across flat land, then down hills, etc.
有时他们滑雪下山，有时他们穿过平地，然后滑雪下山，等等。
Now, there are mogul races. Moguls are basically like bumps, and they go...
现在，还有雪墩赛。雪墩赛基本上就像颠簸前行，
And they have to go between the bumps, over the bumps, and whoever does it the fastest is the winner.
他们必须在不断穿过雪墩，谁滑得最快谁就是胜利者。
Sometimes there's a race, sometimes it's by time. Okay? A biathlon.
有时会有比赛，有时是计时赛。冬季两项。
So, a biathlon is a combination of cross-country skiing, so they go for like a couple of kilometres, then they stop, and then they have rifles on their backs.
冬季两项是越野滑雪的结合，他们会跑几公里，然后停下来，然后背上步枪。
They take the rifle, they aim, they shoot at a target, they put the rifle back, cross-country skiing some more, another rifle shot, another range, and targets, etc.
他们拿起步枪，瞄准，射击，然后他们把步枪放回去，再进行一段越野滑雪，然后再拿起步枪射击另一个范围和目标，等等。
Then there's ski jumping. Now, there's two types. When they say ski jumping, basically this is the long jump.
然后是跳台滑雪。现在，有两种类型。当他们说跳台滑雪时，基本上就是跳远。
So they're coming down a long ramp-okay?-and then they take off, and then they're, like,
他们沿着一条很长的斜坡往下走？然后他们起飞，然后他们，就像，
flying like birds as far as they can, and they land and everything's good.
像鸟一样飞得越远越好，它们着陆了，一切都很好。
Then there's freestyle ski jumps, which means it's a very, very steep and short ramp,
然后是自由式滑雪跳跃，这意味着这是一个非常，非常陡峭和短的斜坡，
and they jump, and they have to, like, upside down, summersaults, and twists, and all kinds of interesting things.
他们跳跃，必须做出倒立，翻转，扭转，以及各种有趣的动作。
That's the freestyle. Then there's also snowboarding, which basically has the same events, obviously not cross-country, it's only down hills.
这是自由式滑雪跳跃。还有单板滑雪，基本上都是一样的项目，显然不是越野，只是下山。
And they have races and they have to qualify. So they have all kinds of qualifying rounds,
他们有比赛，他们必须取得奥运资格。他们有各种各样的资格赛，
and then when they have the best of the best, then they have races, and they have times, and they have to get the best time.
集结好最好的运动员后，他们就会进行比赛，计时，努力取得好的成绩。
Now a lot of this, the qualifying is about trials. So they have many rounds just to qualify,
很多时候，排位赛是关于选拔赛的。所以他们有很多轮比赛只是为了晋级，
and then the official races begin, and then the official time counts begin.
然后正式比赛开始，然后正式计时开始。
The equipment that they use for skiing or basically the skis, there're two skis that they stand on, the two poles that they use.
他们用来滑雪的设备，基本上是滑雪板，他们站在两个滑雪板上，他们使用的两根滑雪杖。
And again, cross-country and Alpine are different. And then they wear goggles, they wear boots, they usually wear helmets these days as well.
再次说明，越野滑雪和高山滑雪是不同的。他们戴护目镜，穿靴子，现在他们通常也戴头盔。
The snowboarders just wear... Just use a snowboard, which is basically like just a long board, one board, both feet are on it.
单板滑雪的运动员只穿...只用一个滑雪板，它基本上就是一个长的板子，两只脚都站在上面。
The board is this way and they're facing... They're horizontal or perpendicular to it, and then they go down and try to win. Okay.
滑雪板在这边，他们正对着...他们是水平的，或者垂直于它，然后他们向下，试图赢得比赛。好吧。
So that's the main events, now we're going to look at a couple more. Okay, so now we're going to see the other events.
以上就是主要的项目，现在我们再来看几个别的项目。我们来看看别的项目。
Now, the thing about the Winter Olympics, there are much fewer events...
关于冬奥会，它的比赛项目比夏季奥运会的项目要少得多，
a lot fewer events than the Summer Olympics, but they're very exciting events.
但是这些项目都非常激动人心。
They're all very exciting because there's always something happening, there's always some drama.
原因是因为比赛时总会发生什么事情，总是会有一些戏剧性。
Unfortunately there's a lot of accidents, but they also...
不幸的是，总会出现很多意外，但是它们也...
That's part of the excitement, part of the fear of what can happen, especially when you're talking about sledding.
这是兴奋的一部分，也是对可能发生的事情的恐惧的一部分，尤其是当你谈论雪橇的时候。
Now, this is a very exciting sport. You have bobsledding, luge, and skeleton.
这是一项非常刺激的运动。项目有大雪橇，小雪橇和俯式冰橇。
Super, super dangerous sport, but very interesting to watch. So, a bobsled or some... a bobsleigh, as... However you want to say it, both are okay.
这是非常危险的运动，但是看起来很有趣。所以大雪橇，这两个说法都行。
It basically looks like a big tube and the top... It's hollow and open at the top, and four guys or two guys have to push it on the track.
它基本上看起来像一个大管子，顶部是空心的，开着的，有四到两个人得把它推到跑道上。
They basically go down a track, but it's like a curved track like this, and they're going inside.
它们基本上是沿着轨道走的，但是像这样的曲线轨道，它们是往里面走的。
And it goes all the way down the mountain and they go really fast.
它一直延伸到山下，速度非常快。
So this tube, it looks like a canoe a little bit, and it's on blades, long blades,
这个管子看起来像个小舟，它就在刀片上面，很长的刀片，
and they go down the ice, and they go like up and down, and really fast around all the curves and stuff.
它们沿着冰向下滑，上下起伏，在曲线轨道上以非常快的速度滑行。
And the two or four guys, they push it down the track, once it starts getting to move they have to jump inside, tuck in and start going down.
两个或四个人把大雪橇推到轨道上，大雪橇开始动的时候，他们就得跳到里面，塞进去，然后开始向下滑行。
Very exciting. And then there's a luge, which is one person with a shorter little tube or sled, is the correct word, and they just do it by time.
非常激动。然后是小雪橇，一个人用一个更短的管子或雪橇，sled是正确的词，他们只是按时间来做。
So all of this is about time, whoever has the best time down the track is the winner. Okay?
所以所有这些都是关于时间的，谁完成比赛的时间越短谁就是赢家。好吧？
Now, skeleton, I personally think the people who do skeleton are a little bit crazy because this is basically a flat sled,
还有俯式冰橇，我个人认为做俯式冰橇的人有点疯狂，因为这基本上是一个平板雪橇，
it's just a board on blades, on ice... Like, basically long ice skates, right?
它只是一块放在刀刃上的木板，放在冰上...就像长溜冰鞋，对吧？
Just blades with a flat board, and they take it, and they run, they put it down, jump,
只是装有平板的刀片，他们拿着它跑，他们把它放下，跳起来，
and they lie down flat on their stomachs, head first, and they go down the track, and whoever has the best time.
他们平躺下来，头朝下，沿着跑道走，谁时间越短谁就能赢。
Super dangerous, but very exciting to watch. Okay? Then there's, of course, the best event and this is the marquis event of the Olympics because...
超级危险，但看起来很刺激。好吧？当然，还有最好的项目，这是奥运会的马奎斯项目，因为
So we call it marquis, because this draws the most attention, this and figure skating I would say are about equal.
所以我们称它为马奎斯，因为它的关注度最大，它和花样滑冰的关注度平分秋色。
Hockey is very popular in especially northern countries that have... that play hockey. And they play on a rink, it's a much bigger rink...
曲棍球在北部国家非常受欢迎...他们在溜冰场打比赛，那是大很多的溜冰场...
If you watch NHL hockey, it's a much bigger rink, it's an international-size or Olympic-size rink, and the national teams play.
如果你看美国国家冰球联盟的冰球比赛，你就知道它是一个大得多的溜冰场，是一个国际规模或奥运会规模的溜冰场，有国家队参赛。
And every child in these countries, like Canada, US, Sweden, Finland, etc.
还有这些国家的每个孩子，比如加拿大，美国，瑞典，芬兰等等。
everybody grows up wanting to play on a national hockey team and win the gold for their country.
每个人长大后都想加入国家冰球队，为国家赢得金牌。
Hockey involves a stick, a hockey stick; a puck, a little, round, rubber thing that they play around with.
曲棍球包括一根球杆，一个冰球，它一个小的，圆的，橡胶的东西，他们玩这个球。
You have to get goals and if at the end of the game the score is tied, then you have a shootout, just like in soccer.
你必须努力进球，如果在比赛结束时比分打平，就会有点球大战，就像足球比赛一样。
Whoever gets the most goals on the goalies win the medal. Okay? Then there's curling. Curling is relatively a new sport.
谁进的球最多，谁就获得奖牌。还有冰壶运动。冰壶运动是一项相对较新的运动。
It hasn't been in the Olympics all the time. It's basically played on a sheet.
它并非一直出现在奥运会上。冰壶基本上就是在一块薄板上进行的运动。
It's on ice, but they're not wearing skates; they're just wearing shoes that they can grip the ice with.
它在冰上，但他们没有旱冰鞋；他们只是穿着能在冰上行走的鞋子。
And they take a stone, it's basically like a stone and it has a handle, and they grab the stone, they lift it, and they throw it down the sheet.
他们拿起一块石头，它基本上就像石头一样，上面有一个把手，他们抓住石头，拿起来，扔到板子上前行。
And there's like a target and they have to land it in the middle of the target,
那里有一个要对准的靶子，他们得把冰壶停在靶子的中央，
and they have to knock the other team's stone out of the target area, and they go back and forth.
他们必须把对方的石头击出目标区域，然后反复进行。
And they use the stone and then a broom. So one guy throws the stone down the ice,
他们使用冰壶和扫帚。一名运动员把冰壶扔到冰上，
and then two guys walk down the ice in front of the stone and broom the ice to make it smooth so the stone goes faster or slower as they need it.
然后另外两名运动员走在冰壶前面，用扫帚扫冰面，使之顺滑，这样冰壶就能按照他们想要的速度或快或慢地行进。
It looks like fun to play. It's not that much fun to watch, but again, people love it, that's why it's become a sport.
看起来很好玩。但是观看的感觉就没那么有趣，但是人们喜欢它，所以冰壶才成为一项运动。
So, now, a few things you need to know in terms of the Olympics, and this applies to Summer and Winter Olympics.
关于奥运会有几件事你可能不知道，这几件事同时适用于夏季和冬季奥运会。
The people who compete are mostly amateur athletes. Now, some sports like hockey was full of professional hockey players, this year it will not be.
参与奥运会的人大部分是业余运动员。像曲棍球这样的运动有很多专业的运动员，今年将不会如此。
The NHL, where most of the hockey players play, did not allow them to come to Korea to play,
大部分曲棍球运动员都在美国国家曲棍球联盟打球，但NHL不允许他们来韩国打球，
so there will be amateur hockey players, and it's all about sportsmanship.
所以届时将会有业余曲棍球选手参赛，这都关乎体育精神。
Now, this is a very important word: "sportsmanship". This is about competing, but remaining friendly and gentlemanly. Okay?
这是个非常重要的词汇："sportsmanship"。比赛是为了竞争，但是仍然要保持友好和绅士的作风。
If the other team is hurting, you don't hurt them more. You beat them, but you don't embarrass them, you don't hurt them more than by beating them.
如果另外一个队受伤了，你不要再伤害他们。你击败他们，但是不要让他们窘迫，你伤害他们最多的方式就是击败他们。
Okay? It's about showing respect to each other. The winners stand on the podium, and the podium often looks like this.
这关乎互相尊重。胜者会站在领奖台上，它通常是这个样子。
You got your gold, silver, bronze medalists. Sometimes it could be like this, whatever. Whoever's the highest has the gold.
比赛会产生金牌、银牌和铜牌得主。有时也会这样。成绩最好的人活得金牌。
When they present the medals to the winners, they will always play the national anthem of the gold medal winner. Okay?
在颁奖仪式上，人们总是会播放金牌得主代表国家的国歌。
Whoever won the gold, that person's country's anthem is played.
无论是谁赢了金牌，那个人的国家的国歌就会被播放。
And at the beginning, just like in the Summer Olympics, somebody comes in running with a torch, a big stick that has a little flame,
在一开始，就像夏季奥运会一样，有人拿着火炬跑进来，一个有火焰的大火炬，
and they come and they light the Olympic flame, and the games begin. Opening ceremony, closing ceremony, etc.
他们进来点燃奥林匹克圣火，然后比赛就开始了。开幕式和闭幕式等等。
Now, you might not be very interested in the Winter Olympics; Summer Olympics are still more popular,
你可能对冬奥会不太感兴趣；夏季奥运会仍然更受欢迎，
but if you live in an English-speaking country or if you live in a country,
但是如果你生活在一个讲英语的国家，
a northern country where these sporting events are very popular, you may need to discuss or have a conversation with people about the Olympics.
或者这些运动项目更受欢迎的北部国家，你可能会和他人讨论奥运会。
For example, if you're in Canada, people will talk about the Olympics. They will especially talk about the hockey team. Okay?
比如，如果你在加拿大，人们会谈论奥运会。他们尤其会谈论曲棍球队。
If they have a good Canadian figure skater, they will talk about him or her.
如果他们有一个好的加拿大花样滑冰运动员，他们会谈论他或她。
So it's very important that you know what's going on in the Olympics if you're living in these countries, and it's a good way to start talking to people, make new friends.
所以，如果你生活在这些国家，了解奥运会的情况是非常重要的，这是一个开始与人交谈、结交新朋友的好方法。
If you go to a bar in Canada, for example, during a hockey game, when there's a hockey game playing,
如果你去加拿大的酒吧，例如，在一场曲棍球比赛中，当有一场曲棍球比赛时，
everybody will be there, the bars will be full, people will be talking and having a good time, and talking about the Olympics and hockey.
每个人都会去那里，酒吧会爆满，人们会谈论，会玩得很开心，他们会谈论奥运会和曲棍球。
You should really watch. In fact, I'll... One day I'll make a video lesson about hockey,
你真应该看看。实际上，未来我会制作一期关于曲棍球的视频课程。
I'll teach you guys how the game works, why it's so exciting, why it's the best sport in the world.
我会教你们这项运动是如何进行的，为什么它如此令人兴奋，为什么它是世界上最好的运动。
So, in the meantime you can go to www.engvid.com. If you have any questions about the Olympics, you can ask me there in the comments section.
在此期间，你可以登陆 www.engvid.com。如果你有关于奥运会的任何问题，你可以在评论区问我。
There's also going to be a quiz that you can try to understand your... make sure you understand the vocabulary here, and all the points.
还有一个小测验，你可以试着理解你的...确保你理解了这里的词汇和所有的要点。
And if you like the video, please subscribe to my YouTube channel,
如果你喜欢这个视频，请订阅我的油管频道，
and come back for more good lessons to help you guys with your English. Okay? I'll see you then. Bye.
回来上更多的好课来帮助你们学习英语。好吧？到时候见。再见。
