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I think outlines are hugely important for almost anything you do – probably not everything but almost everything.
我认为列提纲对于你做的几乎任何事情都非常重要，也许不是任何事情，但是也差不多了。
Certainly writing novels that are nonfiction;
列提纲适用于写非虚构类的小说，
I think writing speeches, same thing writing essays, writing letters.
写演讲稿，写论文，写信时也是一样。
And it always comes down to what's your big idea? What's the point of the thing?
而且写作总是会归结到这几个问题，你的想法是什么？写作这个的意义是什么？
What's the focus of it? And then what are the points, the many points that you want to make?
作品的核心是什么？你想要表达的关键点有哪些？
And then what's an order that makes sense?
合理的顺序应该是怎样的？
And you start putting down points. You might have a hundred points and you might decide here are the ten
然后你开始把这些要点记下来。你可能会想到100个要点，
that I'm going to concentrate that really make this a powerful story.
最后你决定浓缩出10个使这个故事充满力量的要点。
And I just think pretty much anything you do it's going to be better if you outline it first, most anything.
我认为对于你要做的任何事情，如果你先列个提纲的话会更好。
And people don't do it as much now because, that first draft stuff.
现在人们不太经常这么做了，因为人们都在写初稿。
I think first drafts are insulting for the most part.
我认为初稿在很大程度上是一种侮辱。
And you're always getting them and they're like semi incoherent, full of spelling – well, spellcheck fixes that – bad grammar.
你总是会修改初稿，初稿里的语句很多是半连贯的，初稿里充满了拼写，拼写检查修正的痕迹，还有糟糕的语法。
The whole, you know, you're reading this going like, really?
你读着初稿里杂乱的内容，你会想说，
Did this person graduate from high school? People do that now.
写初稿这个人高中毕业了吗？人们现在做的就是这个。
I think a second draft is a good idea, especially if you're doing it to a boss.
我觉得二稿是一个好选择，尤其是当你给老板汇报东西的时候。
You're talking to your boss, let your boss see how smart you are not how sloppy you are.
你是在和你的老板交流，你得让你的老板看到你有多聪明，而不是你有多懒散。
When I'm writing a book I'll do three or four or five versions of the outline.
当我写一本书的时候，我会写三到五个版本的提纲。
That's it, that's the book. I mean you read one of my outlines you've kind of read the book.
我就是这样创作一本书的。我的意思是你读过我的大纲后，你就有点像是读过我这本书了。
Now it may change a lot and it will change because certain characters get more interesting than I thought they were going to be
书的内容可能跟提纲有很多不同，两者是会有不同的，因为我在写某些章节的时候，
as I'm writing certain chapters I'll go, oh I wanted to go another way.
某些人物会变得比我预想的更有趣，这时，我就会换一种写法。
So I'll make a shift and suddenly things will go in a way that I wasn't originally planning it to be.
所以我会做一个改变，突然事情就会朝着我原先没有计划的方向发展。
I almost never the ending in the outline. It's almost never the ending.
我几乎从没有在提纲中写书的结尾。几乎从来没有这样过。
For whatever reason by the time I get there I want to do something different.
无论是出于何种原因，在我写到书的结尾的时候，我想创作一些不一样的内容。
I try to get as close to the bone as I can get. What's the core idea?
我尽可能的靠近我写作的核心问题来创作。核心观点是什么？
What drives this scene? And I want to do it in a paragraph, really because if you start doing chapter 1
是什么驱动了这个场景？而且，我想在一个段落里完成它。真的，因为如果你开始按章写，
and you wrote two pages of outline, it's already all over a lot.
一会你就会写出两页纸来，那就已经很多了。
I mean, seriously you can get all that shit in that first chapter?
我的意思是，你真的能在第一章里写这么多东西吗？
And you can do it in certain kinds of narratives, but not if it's a scene.
而且你可以按照某种叙事手法来写，但是如果是一个场景的话，就不要这么做了。
And another thing, I think that people do a lot in fiction and nonfiction.
还有一件事，我觉得人们在在虚构和非虚构写作里经常做的事，
And so they'll go out and they'll research and then they just dump the research.
人们会出去，做调查，然后把调查的结果扔掉。
You can almost feel it. It's supposed to be some scene where it's a romantic scene
你能感觉到这个。它就是一个浪漫的场景，
where someone is going to propose to the other person in Saint Patrick's Cathedral
在圣帕特里克大教堂里，一个人要向另外一个人求婚，
but they've done a lot of research, so it's supposed to be a very romantic scene.
但是他们已经做了很多调查，所以它应该能拍成一个非常浪漫的场景。
But they dump like three pages of…… it was built in such and such.
但是他们扔掉了有三页的调查，它应该是这样，这样的。
Stop! That's not supposed to be in here because it's supposed to be a romantic scene.
别做这个了！就是在教堂里求婚就行了，因为它就是一个浪漫的场景。
