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Hey there! Welcome to Life Noggin.
大家好！欢迎来到脑洞大开的生命奇想！
Mental health is important.
心理健康很重要。
Just like some of my human friends have conditions that can be more easily seen on the outside, others have conditions that affect them mentally.
一些人类朋友的健康状况更容易从外界看到，同样，其他人也有影响他们心理的症状。
One of these conditions is Schizophrenia.
其中之一就是精神分裂症。
Schizophrenia is described as a severe and chronic mental disorder that can affect different parts of a person's life, such as how they think, feel, and make decisions.
精神分裂症被描述为一种严重的、慢性的精神障碍，可以影响一个人生活的不同部分，比如他们的思维、感觉和决策。
Often showing up in their late teens or 20s, individuals with schizophrenia often have a different interpretation of what they believe to be reality.
精神分裂症患者通常在他们十几岁或二十几岁的时候发病，他们对自己所认为的现实往往有不同的理解。
Compared to other mental disorders, it's not very common, but it can be a pretty severe disorder.
与其他精神障碍相比，它不是很常见，但它可能是一个相当严重的障碍。
According to the National Institute of Mental Health, the main symptoms of schizophrenia fall under one of three categories; positive symptoms, negative symptoms, and cognitive symptoms.
根据美国国家精神卫生研究所的研究，精神分裂症的主要症状可分为三类：阳性症状，阴性症状和认知症状。
Positive symptoms include psychotic behaviors not generally seen in people without schizophrenia, such as hallucinations, delusions, and agitated body movements.
积极的症状包括精神分裂症患者通常不会出现的精神病行为，如幻觉、妄想和激动的身体动作。
Negative symptoms disrupt a person's behaviors and emotions, such as reduced speaking, difficulty starting activities, and less pleasure in everyday life.
消极的症状会扰乱一个人的行为和情绪，比如说话减少、很难开始活动、日常生活中的乐趣减少。
Cognitive symptoms include trouble paying attention and trouble using information to make decisions.
认知症状包括注意力不集中和难以使用信息做出决定。
So once it's figured out that someone has schizophrenia, what is treatment like?
一旦发现有人患有精神分裂症，要怎样治疗？
Well, since it's a chronic condition that doesn't have a cure, it requires lifelong treatment.
嗯，因为这是一种没有治愈方法的慢性疾病，所以需要终生治疗。
Common treatments include antipsychotic medications and psychotherapy.
常见的治疗方法包括抗精神病药物和心理治疗。
Antipsychotic medications are typically a daily pill or liquid, but can sometimes be injections given once or twice a month.
抗精神病药物通常是每日服用的药片或液体，但有时也可以每月注射一到两次。
Psychotherapy is usually a step taken after a patient is put on an effective medication system, and teaches people coping skills to help address whatever challenges they still face with schizophrenia.
心理治疗通常是在病人接受了有效的药物治疗后采取的步骤，并教会人们应对技巧，帮助他们应对精神分裂症患者仍然面临的挑战。
And even better treatments might be on the horizon!
甚至更好的治疗方法可能马上就出现！
According to a recent press release, scientists have unraveled the molecular structure of risperidone, an often prescribed antipsychotic, docked in its D2 dopamine receptor.
根据最近的一份新闻稿，科学家们已经解开了利培酮的分子结构之谜。利培酮经常作为抗精神病药物出现在处方里，常与D2多巴胺受体结合。
It's allowed scientists to have the chance at understanding how some antipsychotic drugs bind to their primary molecular target in the human brain.
这让科学家有机会了解一些抗精神病药物是如何与人类大脑中的主要分子靶点结合的。
Their discovery might just pave the way for a new generation of antipsychotic drugs that can better treat mental illnesses like schizophrenia, with the hope of more desirable outcomes and fewer side effects.
他们的发现可能会为新一代的抗精神病药物铺平道路，这些药物可以更好地治疗精神分裂症等精神疾病，并有望带来更理想的结果，副作用也更少。
Currently, common side effects and risks associated with antipsychotics include things like weight gain and movement disorders, so reducing or getting rid of the chance for these could be great for the treatment process.
目前，与抗精神病药物相关的常见副作用和风险包括体重增加和运动障碍等，因此减少或消除这些风险对治疗过程可能是很有利的。
Going back to our friends at the National Institute of Mental Health, they gave some advice for supporting or caring for someone with schizophrenia.
回到我们国家心理健康研究所的朋友那里，他们给了我们一些建议来支持或者照顾精神分裂症患者。
You should help them get treatment and encourage them to stick with it. Maybe even find some support groups if you can.
你应该帮助他们得到治疗并鼓励他们坚持下去。如果可以的话，甚至可以找一些支持团体。
Remember that their beliefs and hallucinations can feel very real to them, so do your best to acknowledge their thoughts and feelings with kindness and respect!
记住，他们的信念和幻觉对他们来说是非常真实的，所以尽你最大的努力去理解他们的想法和感受，带上善意和尊重！
I do love it when you humans help each other.
我希望你们互相帮助。
So have you are anyone you've known been affected by schizophrenia?
那么，你认识的人中有人受精神分裂症的影响吗？
If you're comfortable with sharing, let me know in the comments below.
如果你愿意分享，请在下面的评论中告诉我。
If you wanna learn more, check out the video we did on what it's like to have ADHD.
如果你想了解更多，看看我们做的关于多动症的视频。
It can be common to have times of inattention, sporadic motor activity, or even times of impulsivity, but for most people with ADHD, these times are far more severe and frequent.
注意力不集中、偶发肌动活动、甚至冲动都很常见，但对于大多数多动症患者来说，这些症状出现的时候要严重得多，而且频繁得多。
As always my name is Blocko. This has been Life Noggin. Don't forget to keep on thinking!
我是宝高。这里是脑洞大开的生命奇想。思考不要停！
