评论
打印
Hey there! Welcome to Life Noggin!
大家好！欢迎来到脑洞大开的生命奇想！
Ah, the age old debate of introverts versus extroverts.
内向者与外向者，由来已久的争论。
These two groups are often pitted against each other, with people arguing that one is better than the other, but are introverts and extroverts really all that different? And what's the science behind this?
这两组人经常互相对立，人们认为其中一个比另一个好，但是内向的人和外向的人真的有那么不同吗？这背后的科学道理是什么？
My good friend Anthony Padilla is here to help explain. Anthony, take it away.
我的好朋友安东尼·帕迪拉来帮忙解释。安东尼，交给你了。
Gladly. Society has some pretty typical stereotypes for introverts and extroverts.
好的。社会对内向者和外向者有一些典型的刻板印象。
One is cuddled up with a book in bed and the other is out being the life of the party.
一个蜷缩在床上看书，另一个则是聚会上的主角。
But there's actually a big misunderstanding about what truly makes someone one or the other.
但实际上，究竟是什么让一个人成为内向人或者外向人，对此我们有很大的误解。
Being introverted or extroverted isn't dictated by how you spend your free time.
内向或外向不是由你如何度过空闲时间决定的。
It all depends on how you recharge when you're feeling low. Introverts do it alone. Extroverts with others.
这完全取决于你在情绪低落时如何充电。内向的人自己待着。外向的人与他人在一起。
How someone recharges may not seem like a huge deal, but it has some pretty interesting impacts.
一个人如何充电似乎不是什么大事，但它有一些相当有趣的影响。
One's social life, career, even Internet usage can be affected. And these differences aren't just external.
一个人的社交生活，事业，甚至互联网的使用都会受到影响。这些差异不仅仅是外在的。
The brains of introverts and extroverts are actually surprisingly different.
内向者和外向者的大脑实际差异令人惊讶。
Let's start by looking at dopamine, a chemical in the brain that causes an influx of good feelings.
我们从多巴胺开始，多巴胺是大脑中的一种化学物质，它能催生美好的感觉。
Extroverts receive more of it during high-energy, exciting activities than introverts do.
在消耗能量、令人兴奋的活动中，外向的人比内向的人产生的多巴胺更多。
It's been found that introverts have less blood flow in certain regions with a lot of dopamine terminals, indicating that dopamine presence plays a big role in whether someone is more extroverted or introverted.
研究发现，内向者多巴胺终端较多的特定区域，血流量较少，这表明多巴胺的存在在一个人是外向还是内向中起着重要作用。
The extrovert and introvert brains look different too.
外向和内向的人的大脑看起来也不一样。
Introverts have thicker prefrontal cortices, which makes sense since this is the area associated with deep thinking and decision making.
内向的人前额皮质更厚，这很重要，因为这是与深度思考和决策相关的区域。
And they have more neuronal activity in the brain areas associated with learning and vigilance control, which dictates how alert someone is.
他们大脑中与学习和警戒控制相关的区域有更多的神经元活动，警戒控制决定了一个人的警觉程度。
The brains of extroverts have larger right-hemisphere amygdalas than their introverted counterparts.
外向者的大脑右半球扁桃体比内向者大。
The amygdala aids in emotional processing and researchers believe that this increased size reduces an extrovert's likelihood of developing conditions like depression or anxiety.
扁桃体参与情感处理，研究人员认为，扁桃体的增大会降低外向者出现抑郁或焦虑等症状的可能性。
Unsurprisingly, introvert and extrovert personality differences affect many aspects of their personal and professional lives.
不出所料，内向和外向的性格差异会影响他们个人和职业生活的许多方面。
For example, caffeine has been found to have positive effects on extroverts working memory, but not on introverts.
例如，有人发现咖啡因对外向型人的工作记忆有积极影响，但对内向型人却没有。
And extroverts are able to perform better than introverts when presented with distractions like music and background noise.
当受到音乐和背景噪音等干扰时，外向的人比内向的人表现得更好。
Basically, they work more effectively when there's a lot going on.
基本上，有很多事情发生时，他们工作效率会更高。
Could we actually get this marching band out of here? Thanks. Th-thank you! But, introverts also have their own leg up in the world.
我们能把游行乐队带出去吗？谢谢。谢，谢谢你！但是，内向的人也有他们自己的优势。
It's been found that introverts are better fits for leadership positions in industries and offices that rely heavily on collaboration.
人们发现，内向的人更适合在高度依赖协作的行业和办公室担任领导职务。
This is because they are more receptive to input from others. Ya hear that world! I have potential!
这是因为他们更容易接受别人的意见。全世界都听到了吗！我有潜力！
When it comes to socializing, researchers found that extroverts display a less genuine form of themselves on social media.
在社交方面，研究人员发现，性格外向的人在社交媒体上表现出不那么真实的自我。
At the same time, it suggested that introverts, who are more of their "real selves" online, may find it easier to open up to people behind a computer screen than peers in a face-to-face interactions.
与此同时，研究表明，在网络上更像“真实自我”的内向者，与面对面交流相比，更容易向网络另一端的人敞开心扉。
But what if you wanted to switch personality types? Is that doable?
但是如果你想要改变性格类型呢？这可行吗？
Personality isn't completely understood but it's thought to be pretty stable after it's formed in childhood.
我们没有完全理解人格，但它被认为在童年形成后就相当稳定。
Genes and dopamine function come into play in its formation so it's fairly deeply rooted, but if there are certain traits of your personality that you don't like, you can always work on changing those.
基因和多巴胺功能在它的形成过程中起了很大的作用，所以它是相当根深蒂固的，但是如果你的个性中有某些你不喜欢的特征，你可以努力改变它们。
Now, all of this comes with some very important fine print. Most people aren't introverts or extroverts!
现在，所有这些都有一些非常重要的附属细则。大多数人不是内向的人，也不是外向的人！
It's been found that about two thirds of the population are ambiverts, meaning they're a bit of both.
人们发现大约三分之二的人是中间性格者，这意味着他们两者兼而有之。
So if you feel like you don't fit into one box or the other, you're actually not alone. Are you an ambivert, introvert or extrovert? Let us know in the comments below!
所以，如果你觉得自己两个类型都不符合，那么你不是一个人。你是中间性格，内向还是外向？在下面的评论告诉我们！
Thank you so much to Anthony for helping me out with this episode! You might recognize some work we did over on his channel.
非常感谢安东尼帮我完成这一集！你可以在他的频道上找到我们的一些作品。
One wall will have a screen mounted to it connected to her phone, so she can view twitter from inside the safety of the scream box.
其中一面墙上安装了一个与她的手机相连的屏幕，这样她就可以从安全的“尖叫箱”里查看twitter了。
So go check out his awesome videos, subscribe, and tell him Blocko sent you!
所以去看看他的精彩视频，订阅，告诉他是宝高让你来的！
As always, my name is Blocko! This has been Life Noggin. Don't forget to keep on thinking!
我是宝高！这里是脑洞大开的生命奇想。思考不要停！
