评论
打印
Six types of eating disorders.
饮食失调的6种类型。
One of the most common misconceptions about eating disorders is that they only affect women.
关于饮食失调最常见的误解之一就是这种疾病只对女性有影响。
According to a survey conducted by Self magazine and the University of North Carolina,
《悦己》杂志和北卡罗来纳大学的研究表明
65% of American women between the ages of 25 and 45 have reported taking part in unhealthy eating behaviors.
年龄在25到45岁的美国女性之中，有65%的女性称自己有不健康的饮食行为。
However, roughly one in three men are also affected by this deadly psychological disorder.
但每三个男人中就有一个同样受这种致命心理障碍的影响。
At the age of 12, I experienced an eating disorder that made me never look at food the same way.
12岁的时候，我也经历过饮食失调，饮食失调让我改变了对食物的看法。
I was always a nervous child but I had a heavy breakdown when I couldn't keep up with all the changes thrown my way.
我一直是一个敏感的孩子，但当我我无法适应周围的改变时，我崩溃了。
I started middle school and had trouble making new friends.
在新学校交不到朋友。
That same year my father also left to start a new career in another country.
同年，我的父亲去了另一个国家开始新的工作。
Everything spiraled out of control and soon my body began to reject food the way it rejected these harsh realities.
一切都失控了，很快我的身体开始拒绝食物，就像拒绝接受现实一样。
Luckily, I am a survivor of my eating disorder.
幸运的是，我是饮食失调的幸存者。
I learned not to let it define me and neither should you if you're currently going through a similar battle.
我学会不让疾病定义自己，如果你们也经历同样的困境，那么你们也一样。
The purpose of making this video is to inform others about eating disorders
制作本期视频的目的是让大家了解饮食失调
and break the stereotypes that make it hard to talk about. Here are six types of eating disorders.
并打破人们对此的固有观念。以下是饮食失调的6种类型。
1. Avoidant or restrictive food intake disorder.
1. 回避型或约束型食物摄入紊乱。
According to a registered dietitian, people with this kind of eating disorder
一名注册营养师表示，患这种饮食障碍的人
due to a lack of interest in food or intense distaste for how certain foods look smell or taste.
缺乏对食物的兴趣或是对某种食物的味道深恶痛绝。
They may lose weight or experience nutritional deficiencies due to eating less than is necessary for maintaining a healthy diet.
他们或是体重下降或是营养不良，因为他们吃得少，不能维持健康的饮食。
I remember of avoiding parties and other social events that would involve celebration meals.
我记得我会避免参加聚会和其他社交活动。
Eating in front of others was generally a painful process for me,
在别人面前吃东西对我而言是一种痛苦的过程，
so I'd hide in the girls bathroom during lunch period every day until it was over.
所以午餐时，我会躲在厕所，直到用餐结束。
2. Anorexia nervosa. This is the type everyone usually first thinks of when they hear the term eating disorder.
2. 神经性厌食症。当听到饮食失调，人们最先想到的就是这种类型。
People with anorexia nervosa are obsessed with perfecting their body image.
患有神经性厌食症的人痴迷于完善自己的体型。
They like to remain in control by limiting the amount of calories they consume to achieve their ideal body shape
他们喜欢通过控制摄入的卡路里来实现完美的体型
Even when they are severely underweight, people with this disorder have a hard time recognizing it.
即便他们已经严重体重不足了，患这种类型的人却认不清这一点。
Driven by their obsessive compulsive behaviors, they adapt distorted self-perceptions and have dangerously high expectations.
他们的强迫行为驱使着他们，他们适应了这种扭曲的自我知觉，对自己的高期待趋于危险。
3. Bulimia nervosa.
3. 神经性贪食症。
People with this type of eating disorder indulge in a large amount of food and make themselves purged shortly after.
患神经性贪食症的人沉溺于暴饮暴食，之后就马上排空自己。
Purging gives them a sense of relief and similarly to anorexia nervosa, this helps them feel like they're in control of their own bodies.
排空后能给他们一种放松感，和神经性厌食症相似，这样可以帮助他们感觉自己对身体的掌控。
It may be hard for others to spot those with bulimia nervosa
要发现患神经性贪食症的人或许会很难
because they might be able to maintain normal weight.
因为他们或许能够维持正常体重。
4. Binge eating disorder.
4. 暴食症。
People who binge eat consume a large amount of food on a day-to-day basis.
暴饮暴食的人每天都会吃大量食物。
They often exceed the suggested daily calorie intake and are usually overweight or obese.
通常都超过了一天的卡路里正常摄入量，并通常有肥胖问题。
People with binge eating disorder often feel ashamed of themselves and do not feel in control of their bodies.
患有暴食症的人常为自己感到羞耻，并感觉无法控制自己的身体。
If people with this type of disorder do not seek treatment,
如果他们不寻求治疗，
they can run the risk of developing heart disease and diabetes.
就有患心脏病和糖尿病的风险。
5. Pica.
5. 异食癖。
Pica is an eating disorder in which the individual consumes non-food items such as rocks, paper and hair.
异食癖是吃非食物的东西，比如石头、纸和头发。
Although the causes of it are unknown, researchers hypothesize that
虽然其原因未知，但研究人员猜测
it can be influenced by factors such as stress, developmental disorders and low socioeconomic status.
可能是受压力、发展失常和社会经济地位低下的影响。
Most often though, pica is reported alongside nutritional deficiencies.
报道称异食癖会伴随着营养不良。
Like any consumption of non-food items, pica has the risk of infections and poisoning.
和吃任何其他非食物的物品一样，异食癖也有感染和中毒风险。
6. Nocturnal sleep-related eating disorder.
6. 夜间睡眠相关的饮食失调症。
This type of eating disorder occurs when individuals unknowingly eat in their sleep,
当人们在睡眠中无意识进食时，就会发生这种类型的饮食失调，
they may roam their kitchen cabinets in fridge or eat straight in bed.
他们可能会在电冰箱的橱柜漫游或是在床上吃东西。
According to Health and Place, some people have reported eating strange combinations of food such as hotdogs dipped in peanut butter,
《健康与环境》期刊称，一些人还会吃奇怪的食物组合，比如蘸有花生酱的热狗。
This type of eating disorder affects 1 to 3% of the world's general population.
全球1-3%的人受这种饮食失调的影响。
Have you experienced any of these disorders? Please share your story with us below.
你有经历过哪种上述饮食失调？请在下方分享你的故事。
We want you to know that you're not alone. There are ways to seek treatment.
我们让大家知道，你并不是一个人。总会有办法解决问题的。
In our description box below, we provided some helpful sources for you.
我们下方提供了一些有用的资源。
If you have any specific topic requests you'd like to explore, please let us know as well with a comment.
如果你有任何想要了解的话题，请在下方评论告诉我们。
Also please be sure to subscribe to our channel for more helpful tips and share this video with others.
一定要订阅我们的频道，获取更多有用妙招并和他人分享我们的视频。
With your help, we can reach more people to spread awareness on the mind and mental health issues. Thanks for watching.
有了大家的帮助，我们可以让更多人了解精神和心理问题。感谢收看。
