评论
打印
Hey there! Welcome to Life Noggin.
大家好！欢迎来到脑洞大开的生命奇想。
Electricity has allowed for some great things in our world, but it can also be pretty dangerous.
电力为世界上很多伟大发明的问世创造了条件，但电也可能相当危险。
In the United States alone, a little under 100 people a year are killed from being electrocuted in the workforce and about another 60 electrocutions occur from consumer products like power tools and lighting equipment.
仅在美国，每年就有将近100人在生产中因触电而死亡，而电动工具和照明设备等消费类产品还会造成60起触电身亡事件。
Electrocution is defined as when a person or animal is killed by electricity or an electric shock. But how exactly does electricity hurt someone?
触电死亡，即人或动物触电，或遭遇电击，因而失去生命。但是电究竟是如何伤害人的呢？
Well, to understand that, let's take a step back and see how electricity is measured.
为了弄明白这一点，我们先看看如何测量电。
Volts and amperes, or amps, are typically ways engineers and scientists describe the electrical phenomena of the world.
工程师和科学家经常用伏特和安培（或者安）来描述世界上的电现象。
Amperes measure current flow, or how much electric charge flows through a point per unit of time.
安培用于测量电流，或者说单位时间内流过一个点的电荷数。
Electron flow is what typically causes harm to a person through tissue or nervous system damage.
电子流动通常会造成组织或神经系统损伤，对人造成伤害。
When flowing through the body in ways they aren't typically supposed to, electrons can cause damages inside a person.
电子在体内以反常的方式流动，会在人体内造成损害。
These include the burning of bodily tissues or interfering with essential electrical signals, like the ones that cause the heart to beat.
这包括烧伤身体组织或干扰基本的电信号，比如促进心脏跳动的信号。
Under certain conditions, a person's muscles will tense and clench, sometimes even preventing them from letting go of the current source.
在某些情况下，人的肌肉会绷紧，有时甚至会让他们没办法松开电流源。
The Occupational Safety and Health Administration gives some guidelines on just how dangerous certain amperages are.
职业安全与健康管理局给出了一些指导手册，解释了各种电流强度的危险性。
Currents at around 1 mA can cause tingling sensations, while currents above 75 mA can potentially cause ventricular fibrillation, which may lead to death.
大约1 mA的电流会引起刺痛感，而超过75 mA的电流可能导致心室颤动，致人死亡。
Severe tissue and organ burns typically begin at currents above 1500 mA.
1500 mA以上的电流通常会导致严重的组织和器官烧伤。
But you have to take into account more than just the amperage when seeing how the current of an electrical source will harm a person.
但是，考察电流对人的伤害，要考虑的不仅仅是安培数。
Theoretically, a small current could flow into one hand, directly through the heart, and out the other hand and cause a person to die.
从理论上讲，一股很小的电流从一只手流入，直接穿过心脏，再从另一只手流出，就可以导致一个人死亡。
At the same time, an extremely large current from a lightning bolt could hit a person and only cause bodily burns if it simply travels through the skin and not further inside a person.
与此同时，一个闪电的巨大电流，也可以击中一个人，如果它只是扫过皮肤而不深入到人体内，只会导致身体烧伤。
Certain body parts are also more susceptible to electric damage than others, with someone's inner organs having far less resistance than their outer skin.
某些身体部位也比其他部位更容易受到电损伤，因为人内部器官的抵抗力要比外部皮肤小得多。
Wet skin also has way less resistance than dry skin. This is way people are at far greater risks of electrocution when water is involved.
湿润的皮肤也比干燥的皮肤抵抗力更小。有水的时候，人就会面临更大的触电危险。
So obviously high amounts of electricity going through you are pretty bad, but is there ever anything that can make a little electric kiss be a good thing?
所以很明显，大量的电流通过人体是很可怕的，但是有没有什么东西能让小小的电吻成为一件好事呢？
All my Left 4 Dead fans know that there is; the defibrillator! Modern-day defibrillators can vary quite a bit from what you see in video games.
所有的求生之路粉丝都知道；去纤颤器！现代的除颤器可能与你在游戏中看到的不一样。
But they are basically devices that deliver a therapeutic dose of electrical energy to a person's heart in order to treat urgent medical conditions like sudden cardiac arrest.
这种装置为人的心脏提供一种适量的电能，以处理心脏骤停这样的紧急医疗状况。
Sudden cardiac arrest is a condition where a person's heart abruptly stops beating, usually caused by ventricular fibrillation.
心脏骤停是指人的心脏突然停止跳动，通常是由心室颤动引起的。
Without the use of things like CPR and a defibrillator, sudden cardiac arrest usually leads to a person's death. See, electricity can be a dangerous thing, but it can also save your life!
如果不使用像CPR和除颤器这样的东西，心脏骤停通常会致命。看，电可能很危险，但它也能救你的命！
So have you ever been electrocuted? Have you or anyone you've known been saved by a defibrillator? Let me know in the comments section below. Share your story with the class.
你有没有被电过？你或者你认识的人被除颤器救过？请在下面的评论栏中告诉我。与全班同学分享你的故事。
If you enjoy this video then you're definitely going to want to look at our video on what happens when you drown. Check it out.
如果你喜欢这个视频，那么你肯定会想看看我们做的这个视频，看看溺水的时候会发生什么。看一下吧。
Well, firstly, drowning isn't like how you see it in the movies -- there's not a lot of thrashing around or yells for help.
首先，溺水不像你在电影里看到的那样——没有机会在水里翻腾或大喊救命。
Typically, it's a silent act, where the person's mouth sinks below the surface of the water and then reappears as they try to breathe.
一般来说，这时候是发不出声音的，人的嘴会沉到水面以下，浮上水面时又需要全力呼吸。
My name is Blocko. This has been Life Noggin. Don't forget to keep on thinking!
我是宝高。这里是脑洞大开的生命奇想。思考不要停！
