Hey everyone, this is Stephane Fouche from Talkways
大家好,我是来自Talkways的Stephane
Today, we are going to talk about my favorite topics, and it has to do with languages
今天我们要讲的是我最感兴趣的话题,它跟语言相关
Languages, that’s a very vast topic,so we are going to cater it to stereotypes
不过语言是个很大的话题,我们今天要讲的是Stereotypes
So I remember when I first came into China
我记得我第一次来中国的时候
I was talking to my co-workers, talking to some friends
在跟几个同事和朋友聊天
and I asked them to teach me some basic words in Chinese
我让他们教我一些基础的中文
You would think that they would teach me how to say thank you
一般人会觉得,他们会教我说谢谢
or like hello, simple words, but no
或者是你好,这些比较简单的,但是不
They went straight into the stereotypes and they went deep into the story
他们直接跟我讲了在中国常用的Stereotypes(昵称),内容非常深刻
The first word that I learned in Chinese was Gaofushuai
我学到的第一句中文是“高富帅”
So you have your rich, your handsome, and your tall, your beautiful man
有一个很富有的,英俊的,高大的男人
who is looking for someone
他在找他的另外一半
That someone is the Baifumei
这一半肯定是“白富美”
Once he gets the Baifumei, and spends a little bit of time with her, and throws the Baifumei away
当他得到白富美,跟她在一起一段时间之后,会抛弃白富美
She becomes the Heimuer
白富美就变成“黑木耳”了
The funny thing about the Heimuer, aside from the name, is that there is someone else
有趣的是,黑木耳也有她的另一半
You have the Gaofushuai, and you have the opposite of the Gaofushuai
高富帅的对立面
Which is the Diaosi
也就是屌丝
The Diaosi sees this chance and goes for the Baifumei
当白富美变成黑木耳
That is now, as we know it, the Heimuer, and tries to go for that
屌丝觉得自己的机会终于来了,并去追求
But sometimes, the Diaosi still doesn’t get the girl
但是大部分时候,屌丝还是没有女朋友
So what happens at the end?
最后会发生什么呢?
So, the Diaosi puts his head down, lifts it up, and admits that he’s a Jiyou
屌丝把头低下去想想,抬起头来,承认自己是基友
So this is the first story that I pretty much heard in China
以上是我来到中国之后听到的第一个故事
My friends taught me all these words, so I would go to a club and I would be like
我学了这些词汇之后,就可以在去酒吧玩的时候灵活运用
“Wo bu shi gao fu shuai, dan wo ye bu shi diao si, wo shi Stephane”
我不是高富帅,但我也不是屌丝,我是Stephane
The girl would look at me, ohhh, asking, how does he know all these words
然后身边女孩就会很惊讶的说,啊他怎么会这些中文
But from a more serious note
但从一个更严肃的角度来看看这件事情
if you are comparing stereotypes in China in stereotypes in the U.S.
如果你对比一下中国和美国的Stereotypes(昵称)
There is a small little difference
你会发现一些小小的不同
If you in the US you have your typical nerd
在美国,最常用的昵称有“Nerd书呆子”
You have the geek, which is similar to the nerd
然后有“Geek极客”,跟“Nerd书呆子”有一点相似
You have your jock, which is your buff guy, who’s the one that plays sports and so on
还有“Jock运动帅哥”,一个身体健壮,热爱运动的人
You have your preppy, your pretty boy who takes care of himself
还有那些比较会打扮自己,有“preppy预科生形象”的男孩
So the stereotypes are not so much about status
这些昵称跟人的地位关系不大
They are a lot more about someone’s interest, what they are doing
更多的是形容他们的兴趣爱好,描述他们平常做什么事
Something having to do with their personality
有时也和他们的性格有关
The jock of course has to play some sport, or he has to be very built, that’s the image of the jock
“Jock运动帅哥”必须要参与某项运动,身材必须非常好,不然就不是Jock
But then, for the Gaofushuai or the Baifumei, it’s still very much linked to status
但是高富帅和白富美呢,这些昵称是根据人的地位设定的
So what does that say about Chinese culture?
这能让我们对中国现在的社会文化有什么样的联想?
What does that say about the culture in the United States?
这能让我们对美国的社会文化有什么联想?
Well we need to go back to stereotypes
我们首先要回到“stereotype昵称”的定义上
Stereotypes are a way that we can create an image of someone
“stereotype昵称”让我们能对一个人有一种感受
It’s a preconceived notion that we have
有一个先决的概念
Oh, someone who is this would probably do this, and this, and this
让我们觉得某个人一定会做这件事,或者那件事
So it’s nothing too specific, it’s just a label
它不太具体,只是一个模糊的标签
So that label, what’s the focus of it?
那这个标签专注的方向是什么?
In the US, again, it’s that person’s interest
在美国,人们更愿意通过兴趣来打标签
So if you are trying to extract a little bit of information from the stereotypes in China
如果我们对中国常用的“Stereotype昵称”做一些分析
That idea of status still comes up
我们看到,被强调的是地位
So, this is again me talking to one of my friends in China
记得有一次跟一个中国朋友聊天
He was telling me that he was talking to his parents about ohh
他在跟我描述一次他跟他父母的对话
How he’s almost ready to marry his girlfriend and so on
他说他基本上准备好跟他的女朋友谈婚姻了
And he thought his parents were going to tell him
他以为他的父母会因为一些理由阻止他
Oh, he needs to finish with school, you need to do this first and so on
比如他还没从学校毕业,或者是还有没处理的事情要做什么的
But, unexpectedly the things that his parents were telling him were
但是我没想到他父母当时跟他说的话是
Oh, you don’t have a house, oh, you don’t have a car, oh, you don’t have this
你还没有房子,你还没有车,等等
Or you are not stable yet, or you don’t have that status yet
又或者是你现在还不稳定,还没有地位
So it all goes back to this idea of standing
最后还是身份的概念
Like is that person stable? What’s their status in society?
一个人稳不稳定,他在社会里是什么地位
Looking at it from a different perspective in other countries
让我们换个视角,看看其他国家
Again I’m going to take the States as an example for this one
我还是先拿美国做例子
What makes or breaks a relationship is really the personality
一段关系是否能持续更多的还是看性格
Does the personality of the girlfriend and the boyfriend align with each other?
要看男朋友和女朋友的性格是否合得来
Can the girlfriend get along with the boyfriend’s mother?
或者是女朋友是否能够男朋友的母亲相处融洽
These are the things that tend to either break a make a relationship
这些可能会对感情的影响更大一些
It’s less about having a car, it’s less about having a house
大家并不会一上来就讨论车,或者讨论房子
These are the decisions that people usually make after they get married
因为他们认为这些应该是结婚后再一起去考虑的事情
That’s what I personally notice from looking at my friends, acquaintances, so on
这是我个人从身边的朋友和熟人身上感觉到的
So are stereotyping someone a good thing or a bad thing?
所以通过标签来看待一个人,是好还是不好呢?
We don’t have a choice in a way
有的时候我们没得选
Because you meet someone for the first time, your instincts are to pretty much judge that person
当你第一次见某人,你的本能会让你先通过他的标签判断他是什么样的人
And you are going to take all the notions that you have
你会利用你脑子里已有的所有概念去做这个判断
So if you take someone from Haiti, where I grew up when I was younger
比如,在我长大的地方,海地
You put someone who’s Chinese in front of them
如果一个海地人看到一个中国人
They probably have never met someone who’s Chinese
概率上讲这很可能是他见到的第一个中国人
So the first thing that’s going to pop up in their mind is going to be Jackie Chan
他第一个会想到的是成龙
Second thing, probably Bruce Lee
第二个会想到的,李小龙
So not everyone in China is Jackie Chan or Bruce Lee
当然,并不是所有中国人都是成龙或李小龙
But that’s the preconceived image that they have
但这是他们脑子里已有的概念
Going over that image is the good thing because you are not stuck to this image
当然,人们应该跳过这个概念,不应该以貌取人
If it’s a very bad image
因为如果这个概念本身是负面的
you are giving this person a very bad identity without even knowing them
你在不认识这个人的时候已经有了成见
That’s the danger in stereotyping someone
这是身份昵称的坏处
On the opposite end, it gives you an idea
当然它也有一定的好处,它让你对某人有个大概的概念
And it’s also a great way to joke around with friends, if not abused
如果不滥用的话,也是一个很好的跟朋友闹着玩的方法
But what I want to leave with you guys is probably a simple question
最后,我想问大家一个简单的问题
From your perspective, stereotypes in China, what do you think they are pointing out exactly?
你认为在中国,人们常用的身份昵称所指出的是什么?
Status? Or that person’s personality?
地位?还是一个人的性格?
If you have any questions or comments, feel free to find me on Talkways, or on Weibo
如果你有任何问题或感想,请来在聊世界找我,或者关注我的微博