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科学美国人60秒:医疗保健助力尼安德特人超水平发挥

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  • This is Scientific American — 60-Second Science. I'm Christopher Intagliata.
  • 这里是科学美国人——60秒科学。我是克里斯托弗·因塔利亚塔。
  • Health care isn't just a benefit of the modern human age.
  • 医疗保健并非仅是现代人类时代的福利。
  • It goes way back. All the way, even, to the Neandertals.
  • 其历史相当久远。甚至可以追溯至尼安德特人时代。
  • "We imagine they would have been cleaning wounds, dressing wounds."
  • “我们猜想他们会清洗伤口和包扎伤口。”
  • Penny Spikins, a paleolithic archaeologist at the University of York in the U.K.
  • 英国约克大学的旧石器时代考古学家佩妮·斯皮金斯说到。
  • "They may have used things like splints when you've got broken limbs. We know they had some forms of painkillers."
  • “当四肢骨折时,他们可能会用类似夹板的东西来固定。我们知道他们有止痛药之类的东西。”
  • And they most likely needed them.
  • 他们最有可能需要的就是止痛药。
  • Because remains of Neandertals show that most individuals seem to have suffered a serious injury at least once.
  • 因为尼安德特人的遗骸显示,大多数人似乎至少受过一次重伤。
  • The key detail being that those injuries didn't always kill them.
  • 关键细节是,这些伤并不总是会造成死亡。
  • Spikins and her team catalogued more than 30 cases of Neandertals who'd been injured but didn't die of their wounds,
  • 斯皮金斯及其团队对30多个受伤但未死于伤口的尼安德特人病例进行了分类,
  • to investigate the pattern of health care in premodern humans.
  • 以调查前现代人类的医疗保健模式。
  • And they concluded that health care may have been key to their colonizing extreme environments,
  • 他们得出的结论是,医疗保健可能是他们征服极端环境的关键,
  • and pursuing dangerous prey, like mammoths and woolly rhinos.
  • 也可能是他们追逐猛犸象和披毛犀等危险猎物的关键。
  • "Health care wasn't just something cultural for Neandertals.
  • “医疗保健不仅是尼安德特人的某种文化。
  • It also performed an ecological function. It allowed them to punch above their weight as a predator."
  • 它还发挥着生态功能。同时能让尼安德特人在捕食时超水平发挥。”
  • Their conclusions are in the journal Quaternary Science Reviews.
  • 他们的研究结果发表在《第四纪科学评论》期刊上。
  • And the results are one more reminder that Neandertals shared many of the qualities we think of as human.
  • 研究结果再次提示我们,尼安德特人具有我们认为人类独有的多种特质。
  • Except, of course, that they never made it out of the Pleistocene.
  • 当然,不同之处是他们未活过更新世。
  • Thanks for listening for Scientific American — 60-Second Science Science. I'm Christopher Intagliata.
  • 谢谢大家收听科学美国人——60秒科学。我是克里斯托弗·因塔利亚塔。


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重点讲解:
1. go back 追溯到;回溯到;
Our association with him goes back four years.
我们同他的合作是从4年前开始的X]6CP5cOoLMU]c;CuP
2. die of 死于;
Millions could die of hunger as an indirect result of the war.
作为战争的间接后果,数百万人可能会死于饥饿mL1wwO_y74,&![]kF|w0
3. allow sb. to do sth. 允许;容许;准许;
The Government will allow them to advertise on radio and television.
政府将准许他们在广播和电视上做广告,V-[(_tjHmG0
4. think of sb./sth. as 认为,以为(人或物具有某特点或用途) ;
We all thought of him as a father.
我们都视他为父亲_F]^+;(_#Q@V

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重点单词   查看全部解释    
predator ['predətə]

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n. 食肉动物,掠夺者

联想记忆
advertise ['ædvətaiz]

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v. 登广告,为 ... 做广告,宣传

联想记忆
prey [prei]

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n. 被掠食者,牺牲者
vi. 捕食,掠夺,使

 
indirect [.indi'rekt]

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adj. 间接的,迂回的,次要的,不坦率的,欺骗的

 
reminder [ri'maində]

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n. 提醒物,提示

 
extreme [ik'stri:m]

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adj. 极度的,极端的
n. 极端,极限

 
except [ik'sept]

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vt. 除,除外
prep. & conj.

联想记忆
function ['fʌŋkʃən]

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n. 功能,函数,职务,重大聚会
vi. 运行

 
association [ə.səusi'eiʃən]

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n. 联合,结合,交往,协会,社团,联想

联想记忆
ecological [.ekə'lɔdʒikəl]

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adj. 生态的,生态学的

 

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