1. To the south lies the great dividing line of hills．

精解：这是一个倒装句。做状语的介词短语谓语句首引起倒装，句中to the south是介词短语。这一类的倒装句谓语动词通常come, lie, stand, walk这个四个不及物动词。例如：

Under the big tree was sitting an old farmer. 大树下坐着一个老农夫。

Along the dusty road came a group of tourists. 一群游客沿着尘土飞扬的路走来。

In the distance could be seen the purple mountains. 在远处， 可见到紫红色的群山。

采用这样的倒装形式有时也是出于全句平衡的考虑： 当主语较长时， 为了使句子平衡， 常以作状语的介词短语开头。例如：

On the ground lay some air conditioners, which are to be shipped to some other cities. 地上放着一些空调， 它们会被船运到其他城市去。

2. It is a quiet，sheltered part of the countryside，where the fields are always green and the rivers never dry up．

精解：这是一个含有非限定性定语从句的复合句。这个非限定性定语从句是where the fields are always green and the rivers never dry up，它修饰先行词countryside。它起到补充说明的作用，在这里补充说明countryside的景致。