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Issues concerning human leaming are among the critical topics in educational psychology, child development, and cognitive science. One central focus has been on the issue of why students learn and teachers teach best, and discovery leaming versus direct instruction has been a contented debate in modern educational theory and practice.(1)____(2)____Stemmed from the theoretical perspective of constructivism, discovery leaming is believed to be a tool for facilitating the creation and organization of knowledge, as well as the transfer of that knowledge across different contexts.(3)____ This approach contrasts with views that emphasize direct instruction from teacher to student. This entry addresses the following central issues: how discovery leaming is defined, the empirical evidence in favor of discovery leaming or direct instruction, and the facilitation of discovery and transfer.
Discovery leaming is a general approach that involves minded participation and active inquiry in the acquisition of concepts and strategies.(4)____ In classroom contexts, it refers to a form of curriculum which students are encouraged to actively explore and figure out the concepts, solutions, or strategies at the hand.(5)____(6)____ A widely accepted idea is that discovery leaming is the least appropriate and effective approach to facilitate deep and lasting understanding.(7)____(8)____ This approach is often contrasted with direct instruction or expository leaming, which typically refers traditional, content-oriented methods that the instructor lectures to students.(9)____(10)____ Leaming associated with direct instruction is often believed to be less engaged and less active, and thus less effective.
