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阿根廷和美国缘何互相憎恨
For the past few centuries, relations between the United Kingdom and Argentina have been pretty shaky. The heart of their dispute lies in a tiny archipelago, some 300 miles from the coast of Argentina, called the Falkland Islands. Their struggle stems from the question of who actually owns the islands. So what’s the whole story? Why do the UK and Argentina hate each other?
过去几个世纪，英国和阿根廷之间的关系动荡不已。其争议的核心在于一个小小的群岛，距离阿根廷海岸大约300英里，叫做福克兰群岛。他们的争端来自这个群岛的归属权。那么详细情况如何呢？英国和阿根廷为何互相憎恨？
Well, the history is a little complicated.But simply put, the first person to actually claim the Islands was an English sailor named John Strong in 1690. While both Spain and France made various claims on the Islands,the British ultimately maintained their jurisdiction. Argentina didn’t become a part of the equation until 1820 when an American mercenary landed on the Falkland Islands and declared them for what is now Argentina. About 9 years later,Argentina gave the islands away as payment for a debt, a move that prompted the UK to send a ship in 1833 to reestablish the British flag. It was met with little resistance, as the Argentine commander was heavily outnumbered.
历史有点复杂。但是简单的说，首先认领这个群岛的是一个名叫John Strong的英国水手，当时是1690年。而西班牙和法国都宣称拥有这个群岛。最终英国得到了管辖权。阿根廷此前并未参与争夺，直到1820年，一名美国雇佣兵登陆了福克兰群岛，称其为阿根廷。大约9年后，阿根廷将该群岛出让，作为债务赔偿，此举促使英国于1833年派遣了一艘船只，重新在群岛上升起英国国旗。当时几乎没有遭遇任何抵抗，因为阿根廷指挥官的数量严重不敌英国。
For nearly the next 150 years, the British controlled the Islands while Argentina continued to dispute their sovereignty. After increasing tensions between the two countries, as well as an economic collapse and military regime change in Argentina, the Argentine military invaded the Falkland Islands in 1982. They assumed the British would not respond with force. They were wrong. Within weeks, the British mounted an assault to retake the Islands,while most of the European Community backed the UK and imposed sanctions on Argentina.
接下来近150年，英国控制着群岛，而阿根廷继续争夺其主权。两国之间紧张关系加剧，阿根廷遭遇了经济崩溃和军事政权变更，军队于1982年入侵福克兰群岛。他们认定英国不会武力回应。然而他们错了。几周之内，英国发动了进攻，重新夺取群岛，而欧洲社会大部分人支持英国，对阿根廷实施了制裁。
After three months of intense fighting, the British reconquered the Falkland Islands,and expelled all Argentine forces from the area.
经过三个月的激烈战斗之后，英国重新占领了福克兰群岛，驱逐了该地区所有阿根廷军队。
In the years following, the British ramped up their military presence on the islands,granted all residents full British Citizenship,and gave the Islands full self-governance as a British dependency. But in 2006, Argentina began claiming sovereignty again in an attempt to secure fishing and petroleum rights. In 2009, Argentina made a territory claim to the UN concerning an area including the Falklands, which the UK denied as being legitimate. The following year, in 2010, Argentina demanded that any ships that wanted to go to the Falkland Islands would have to seek a permit from the Argentine government. Both the British and Falklands government ignored this demand.
随后的几年，英国增加了群岛驻军，赋予岛上所有居民英国公民身份，给予群岛完全的自主权。但是2006年，阿根廷再次开始争夺主权，试图获得捕鱼和开采石油的权利。2009年，阿根廷向联合国提出领土主张，其中包括福克兰群岛，而英国否认其合法性。随后一年，2010年，阿根廷要求想要进入福克兰群岛的任何船只必须向阿根廷政府申请许可。英国和福克兰政府都忽视了该要求。
Finally, in 2013, Falkland Islanders voted in a referendum on whether the territory would stay British. With nearly every single Island resident voting to remain a British territory,it would seem that the question of sovereignty was solved. But in response, the Argentine government said that the referendum had quote “no value”, since the population of the Islands was “implanted” by the British.
最后，2013年，福克兰群岛岛民就该领土是否继续留在英国进行了全民公投。几乎每个岛民都投票支持继续留在英国，似乎主权问题得到了解决。但是作为回应，阿根廷政府称这次全民公投无效，因为岛上人口被英国灌输了思想。
Despite some pretty good reasons as to why the UK should hold dominion over the Islands,Argentina has argued that because the islands are closer to them than to Britain, Argentina should have control over them. This argument has widely been called ridiculous.
尽管英国继续控制该群岛有着非常好的理由，然而阿根廷一直辩称因为群岛距离他们比距离英国更近，阿根廷应该拥有控制权。该理由被广泛的认为是无稽之谈。
