Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang City
敦煌莫高窟
自然概况
Located on the eastern slope of Rattling Sand Mountain(Mingshashan) southeast of Dunhuang City in Gansu Province，the Mogao Grottoes(also known as Thousand Buddha Cave)is one of three noted grottoes in China and also the largest，best preserved and ,richest treasure house of Buddhist art in the world.
莫高窟也称干佛洞，位十甘肃省敦熄市东南鸣沙山的东麓。莫高窟是中国三大名窟之一，也是世界上现存规模最大、保存最完好、内容最丰富的佛教艺术地。
In AD 366，during the Eastern Jin Dynasty，a monk named Yue Seng chiseled the first cave here. The endeavor continued through later dynasties，including the Northern Wei(386一534)，Western Wei(535一556)，Northern Zhou(557一581)，Sui(581一618)，Tang (618一907)，Five Dynasties ( 907一960 )，Song (960-1279 )，Western Xia(1038一1227)and Yuan(1279一1368)，resulting in the fantastic group of caves that can been seen today.
公元366年，在东晋时期，一位名叫乐傅的僧人在这里开凿了第一个洞窟。开凿活动持续了随后的几个王朝，包括北魏(386一534 ) ,西魏(535一556 )，北周(557一581 )，隋(581一618)，唐( 618一907 )，五代(907一960 )，宋( 960—1279 )，西夏(1038一1227)和元(1279一1368)，最终形成了今日所看到的宏伟洞窟群。
Today，492 caves still stand，containing some 2 100 colored statues and 45 000 square meters of murals. These murals ，if joined together，would cover a length of 30 kilometers.The caves vary in size The smallest one just allows a head's space，while the largest one stretches from the foot to the top of the mountain，having a height of over 40 meters. The colored statues also differ in size，ranging from a few centimeters to 33 meters high，embodying the remarkable imagination of their makers.
莫高窟现存492个洞窟，洞窟内存有2 100尊彩塑和大约45 000平方米壁画如果把它们全部加在一起，这些壁画的长度超过了30千米。这些洞窟大小各异，最小的只有人头大小，而最大的则从山脚延伸到山顶，高度超过40米。彩塑也大小不同，高度从几厘米到33米不等，充分展示了作者超凡的想象力。
Despite years of erosion，the murals are still brightly colored，with clear lines. Through pictures of different styles and schools drawn in different historical periods，they tell Buddhist stories and ways as well as life in the secular world. All these，plus a largest quantity of Buddhist sutras and relics kept in the caves have provided valuable material for a study of ancient China's politics , economy，and culture and arts。as well as its science and technology，military affairs， and religion，documenting national history as well as cultural exchanges between China and the world.
尽管历经一千多年的风雨侵蚀，这些壁画依然色彩鲜艳，线条清晰。不同时期各种风格和教派的壁画向我们讲述了佛教故事以及当年现实世界中人们的一此生话方式、这些壁画连同大址的佛经和佛教遗物一起，为我们研究古代中国的经济、政治、文化、艺术、科学技术、军事、宗教、历史以及中国与外界的文化交往等都提供了大量的宝贵资料。
In 1987，UNESCO placed the Mogao Grottoes under the protection of the world cultural heritage list.
1987年，联合国教科文组织把莫高窟列入《世界文化遗产名录》。
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