Against the Oval Earth man, the first card I can play is the analogy of the sun and moon. The Oval Earth man promptly answers that I don't know, by my own observation, that those bodies are spherical. I only know that they are round, and they may perfectly well be flat discs. I have no answer to that one. Besides, he goes on, what reason have I for thinking that the earth must be the same shape as the sun and moon? I can't answer that one either.
面对"地球卵形说"者,我能打的第一张牌是,可以根据太阳和月亮来类推。"地球卵形说"者立即回敬道,我无法根据自己的观察得知那些天体是球形的。我只能得知他们是圆的,而它们完全可能呈扁平的圆盘状。我对此无言以答。此外,他还会说,我凭什么理由认为地球一定与太阳和月亮的形状相同?对此,我同样无法解答。
My second card is the earth's shadow: when cast on the moon during eclipses, it appears tobe the shadow of a round object. But how do I know, demands the Oval Earth man, that eclipses of the moon are caused by the shadow of the earth? The answer is that I don't know, but have taken this piece of information blindly from newspaper articles and science booklets.
我的第二张牌是地球的影子:月食期间,地球投在月亮上的影子看上去呈圆形物体状。但"地球卵形说"者马上要问,我怎么知道月食是由地球的影子造成的呢?回答是,我并不知道,我只是照搬报刊文章和科普小册子上的说法而已。
Defeated in the minor exchanges, I now play my queen of trumps: the opinion of the experts.The Astronomer Royal, who ought to know, tells me that the earth is round. The Oval Earth man covers the queen with his king. Have I tested the Astronomer Royal's statement, and would I even know a way of testing it? Here I bring out my ace. Yes, I do know one test.The astronomers can foretell eclipses, and this suggests that their opinions about the solarsystem are pretty sound. I am, to my delight, justified in accepting their say-so about theshape of the earth.
小小交锋受挫,于是我打出一张王牌"Q":专家的看法。英国格林威治皇家天文台台长总该是权威了,他告诉我说地球是圆的。"地球卵形说"者用他的"K"牌压倒我的"Q"牌。天文台台长的话我检验过没有?再说,我知道怎么个检验法吗?这时候,我打出我的"爱司"。是的,我确实知道一个检验方法。天文学家能预报月食,这一点表明他们关于太阳系的看法是非常可信的。因此,令我高兴的是,我接受他们关于地球形状的论断是有道理的。