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A growing demand for turtles as pets in the United States, Asia, and Europe has led to a rise in poaching.
在美国、亚洲和欧洲，人们对宠物龟的需求不断增长，从而导致偷猎活动增加。
Poaching means to catch or kill an animal illegally.
偷猎是指非法捕获或杀害动物。
Wildlife trade experts believe the rise in poaching is adding to the worldwide drop in rare freshwater turtles and tortoises.
野生动物贸易专家认为，偷猎活动的增加加剧了全球稀有淡水龟和陆龟数量的下降。
Such concerns have led to proposals to increase protection for freshwater turtles.
这种担忧促使人们提出了加强对淡水龟保护的建议。
More than 180 nations have gathered this week in Panama as part of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, or CITES.
本周，作为《濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约》的一部分，180多个国家齐聚巴拿马。
The CITES meeting runs from November 14 to 25.
CITES会议于11月14日至25日举行。
Exact numbers on the turtle trade, especially illegal trade, can be hard to find.
关于龟类交易（尤其是非法交易）的准确数字可能很难找到。
Tara Easter, a doctoral student at the University of Michigan, studies the trade.
密歇根大学的博士生塔拉·伊斯特研究这种交易。
She looked at turtle trade data from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
她查看了美国鱼类及野生动植物管理局有关龟类交易的数据。
She estimates that the business export trade for mud turtles in the United States increased from 1,844 in 1999 to nearly 40,000 in 2017.
她估计，美国泥龟的商业出口贸易从1999年的1844只增加到2017年的近4万只。
And she estimated that the trade in musk turtles increased from 8,254 in 1999 to more than 281,000 in 2016.
她估计，麝香龟的交易量从1999年的8254只增加到2016年的28.1万只以上。
The Collaborative to Combat the Illegal Trade in Turtles is a group of mostly state, federal and tribal biologists working to combat poaching of North American turtles.
打击非法买卖龟类协会是一个主要由州、联邦和部落生物学家组成的组织，致力于打击对北美龟类的偷猎行为。
Since 2018, the group has documented at least 30 major illegal trafficking cases in 15 states.
自2018年以来，该组织在15个州记录了至少30起重大非法贩运案件。
Some involved fewer than 50 turtles.
其中一些案件涉及的龟类数量不到50只。
Other cases involved several thousand turtles.
其他案件涉及数千只龟。
Earlier this year, a federal judge in North Carolina sentenced a man to 18 months in prison and fined him $25,000 for trafficking turtles in violation of the Lacey Act.
今年早些时候，北卡罗来纳州的一名联邦法官判处一名男子18个月监禁，并对他处以2.5万美元罚款，他因贩卖龟类违反了《莱西法案》。
The law bans trafficking in fish, wildlife, or plants that are illegally taken, held, transported, or sold.
这项法律禁止非法捕捞、持有、运输或出售鱼类、野生动物或植物。
The man trafficked 722 eastern box turtles, 122 spotted turtles, and three wood turtles for markets in Asia.
这名男子向亚洲市场贩卖了722只东部箱龟、122只斑点龟和3只木纹龟。
The man received more than $120,000 for the turtles, which have a value of $1.5 million in Asia.
这名男子通过贩卖这些龟获益超过12万美元，这些龟在亚洲的价值为150万美元。
Freshwater turtles are among the world’s most trafficked animals.
淡水龟是世界上被贩卖最多的动物之一。
They are targeted by criminal networks that connect with buyers on the internet.
它们是在互联网上与买家有联系的犯罪团伙的目标。
They transport the reptiles to black markets in Hong Kong and other places in Asia.
他们将这些爬行动物运往香港和亚洲其他地方的黑市。
From there, they are sold as pets, to collectors, and for breeding, food, and traditional medicine.
在那里，它们被当作宠物出售给收藏家，也被用于饲养、食物和传统药物。
In many countries, there are no laws to govern the trade.
在许多国家，没有法律来管理这种贸易。
The business can be highly profitable.
这种生意可以获得很高的利润。
Some kinds of turtles are sought out for their colorful or unusual appearance.
有些种类的龟因其五颜六色或不同寻常的外表而受到追捧。
They can be sold for thousands of dollars in Asia.
它们在亚洲的售价可达数千美元。
The trade adds to the threats turtles already face, including climate change, environment destruction and other animals eating their eggs.
这种贸易增多了龟类本已面临的威胁，其中包括气候变化、环境破坏和其他动物吃它们的蛋。
Experts say poachers are even more problematic because they target rare kinds of turtles and adult females.
专家表示，偷猎者的问题更大，因为他们的目标是稀有种类的龟和成年雌性龟。
“The loss of large numbers of adults, especially females, can send turtles into a spiraling decline from which they cannot recover,” said Dave Collins.
戴夫·柯林斯说：“大量成年龟（尤其是雌性龟）的消失可能会导致龟类数量急剧下降，使它们无法恢复。”
He is director of North American turtle conservation for the Turtle Survival Alliance.
他是龟类生存联盟北美龟类保护部门的负责人。
The United States and several Latin American countries have proposed banning or limiting the trade in more than 20 turtle species.
美国和一些拉美国家已经提议禁止或限制20多种龟的贸易。
In their CITES proposal, the countries included data from Mexico that found nearly 20,000 were confiscated from 2010 to 2022.
在CITES会议上他们的提案中，这些国家引用了来自墨西哥的数据，墨西哥发现从2010年到2022年，有近2万只龟被没收。
To confiscate means to take something away from someone to enforce laws or rules.
confiscate的意思是从某人那里拿走某物以执行法律或法则。
The illegal trade has also led governments to propose listing for the first time 42 turtle species under CITES – including North American musk turtles.
非法贸易还促使各国政府首次提议将42种龟列入《濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约》，其中包括北美麝香龟。
A listing means traders will need permits to sell them internationally.
A listing的意思是交易者需要获得许可证后才能在国际上销售它们。
Matthew Strickler is with the U.S. Department of the Interior.
马修·斯特里克勒就职于美国内政部。
He is heading the American group at the CITES meeting in Panama.
他是参加在巴拿马举行的CITES会议的美国小组的负责人。
He called the possible listings and increased protection for North American turtles “really, really important.”
他称，可能的清单和加强对北美龟类的保护“真的非常重要”。
“We’ve seen this pattern of turtles being depleted in one place, and then poachers and traffickers and traders moving to another place,” Strickler said.
斯特里克勒说：“我们已经看到，一个地方的龟类数量正在减少，偷猎者、非法买卖者和商人正在将龟类动物转移到另一个地方。”
“Southeast Asia was depleted. They moved to Africa. Now, we see them moving to the Americas.”
“东南亚的龟类数量减少。它们被转移到了非洲。现在，我们看到它们被转移到了美洲。”
I’m Caty Weaver. And I’m Gregory Stachel.
凯蒂·韦弗、格雷戈里·施塔赫尔为您共同播报。
译文为可可英语翻译，未经授权请勿转载！
