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Climate scientists are warning of serious problems for life in the Mediterranean Sea because of high temperatures during the summer.
气候科学家警告称，由于夏季高温，地中海的生物将面临严重的问题。
The scientists say they are seeing high water temperatures across the sea from Barcelona in Spain to Tel Aviv in Israel.
科学家表示，他们发现从西班牙的巴塞罗那到以色列的特拉维夫的海水温度都很高。
Temperatures have been reported from 3 degrees Celsius to 5 degrees Celsius above usual temperatures for the summer.
据报道，今年夏天的气温比往年高出3到5摄氏度。
They report that water temperatures have regularly gone above 30 degrees Celsius.
他们报告称，水温经常超过30摄氏度。
Extreme heat in Europe and other countries around the Mediterranean has gotten a lot of attention this summer.
今年夏天，欧洲和地中海沿岸其他国家的极端高温引起了广泛关注。
But rising sea temperatures have received less attention.
但海洋温度上升受到的关注较少。
Marine heat waves are caused by ocean currents building up areas of warm water.
海洋热浪是由洋流形成的温暖水域引起的。
Weather systems and heat in the atmosphere can also add warmth to the water's temperature.
天气系统和大气中的热量也会使水温升高。
And just like heat waves on land, marine heat waves are longer, happen more often and are more intense because of climate change.
就像陆地上的热浪一样，由于气候变化，海洋热浪持续时间更长、发生频率更高、强度更大。
The situation is “very worrying,” says Joaquim Garrabou.
华金·加拉布说，这种情况“非常令人担忧”。
He is a researcher at the Institute of Marine Sciences in Barcelona.
他是巴塞罗那海洋科学研究所的一名研究员。
“We are pushing the system too far. We have to take action on the climate issues as soon as possible.”
“我们把这个系统推得太远了。我们必须尽快就气候问题采取行动。”
Garrabou is part of a team that recently published a report on heat waves in the Mediterranean Sea between 2015 and 2019.
加拉布是一个团队的成员，该团队最近发表了一份有关2015年至2019年地中海热浪的报告。
The report says the heat waves have led to deaths of a large number of marine species.
该报告称，热浪已导致大量海洋物种死亡。
The study found about 50 species, including corals, sponges and seaweed, were affected along thousands of kilometers of Mediterranean coasts.
研究发现，在数千公里的地中海沿岸，包括珊瑚、海绵动物和海藻在内的约50种物种受到了影响。
The study was published in Global Change Biology.
这项研究发表在《全球变化生物学》上。
The situation in the eastern Mediterranean is especially notable.
地中海东部的情况尤其值得注意。
The waters off Israel, Cyprus, Lebanon and Syria are “the hottest hot spot in the Mediterranean, for sure,” said Gil Rilov.
吉尔·里洛夫说，以色列、塞浦路斯、黎巴嫩和叙利亚附近的水域“肯定是地中海最热的地方”。
He is a marine scientist at Israel’s Oceanographic and Limnological Research Institute, and one of the writers of the study.
他是以色列海洋和湖泊研究所的海洋科学家，也是这项研究的作者之一。
Sea temperatures in the summer are now regularly above 31 degrees Celsius.
如今夏季的海洋温度经常在31摄氏度以上。
These warming seas are driving native species to the edge of survival.
海水变暖正在将本土物种逼到生存的边缘。
Every summer their desired temperature is being exceeded, he said.
他说，每年夏天的温度都会超过它们的理想温度。
Scientists expect to see species loss further west in the Mediterranean Sea toward Greece, Italy and Spain in the coming years.
科学家预计，未来几年，地中海以西至希腊、意大利和西班牙的物种将会进一步减少。
Garrabou said seas have been absorbing 90 percent of the Earth’s extra heat.
加拉布说，海洋吸收了地球90%的额外热量。
They also absorb 30 percent of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere by coal, oil and gas production.
它们还吸收了燃烧煤炭、石油和天然气所排放到大气中的二氧化碳的30%。
This is called the carbon-sink effect.
这被称为碳汇效应。
Scientists say oceans protect the planet from more intense climate effects.
科学家表示，海洋保护地球免受更强烈的气候影响。
Ocean scientists want officials to protect at least 30 percent of sea areas from human activities like fishing.
海洋科学家希望官员们保护至少30%的海域不受捕鱼等人类活动的影响。
About 8 percent of the Mediterranean Sea area is currently protected.
目前约有8%的地中海区域受到保护。
Recent scientific studies say that surface temperatures on the Mediterranean have increased by 0.4 degrees Celsius every 10 years between 1982 and 2018.
最近的科学研究表明，从1982年到2018年，地中海表面温度每10年上升0.4摄氏度。
Yearly, it has been rising by 0.05 degrees Celsius over the past 10 years.
在过去的10年里，温度每年上升0.05摄氏度。
Some scientists say even very small increases in average temperatures can have serious effects on ocean health.
一些科学家表示，即使平均温度只有非常小幅度的上升，也会对海洋健康造成严重的影响。
The Mediterranean Sea makes up less than 1 percent of the world’s oceans.
地中海只占世界海洋面积的不到1%。
But experts estimate it contains between four and 18 percent of the world’s known marine species.
但专家估计，它包含了世界上已知海洋物种的4%到18%。
“The question is not about the survival of nature, because biodiversity will find ways to survive on the planet,” Garrabou said.
加拉布说：“这个问题与自然的生存无关，因为生物多样性会找到在地球上生存的方法。”
“The question is if we keep going in this direction maybe our society, humans, will not have a place to live.”
“问题是，如果我们继续朝这个方向发展，或许我们的社会、人类将没有栖身之地。”
I’m Dan Novak.
丹·诺瓦克为您播报。
译文为可可英语翻译，未经授权请勿转载！
