评论
打印
The (Secret) City of London -- Part 1 The Great City of London, known for its historical landmarks, modern skyscrapers, ancient markets and famous bridges.
（秘密）伦敦金融城——第1部分 伟大的伦敦金融城，以其历史地标、现代摩天大楼、古老市场和著名桥梁而闻名。
It's arguably the financial capital of the world and home to over eleven thousand people. Wait, what? Eleven... thousand?
伦敦金融城可以说是世界金融之都，拥有超过11000的人口。等等，什么？11000？
That's right: but the City of London is a different place from London -- though London is also known for its historical landmarks, modern skyscrapers, ancient markets, famous bridges and is home to the government, royal family and seven million people.
没错：但伦敦金融城与伦敦不同——尽管伦敦也以其历史地标、现代摩天大楼、古老市场、著名桥梁而闻名，是政府、王室和七百万人的家园。
But, if you look map of London crafted by a careful cartographer that map will have a one-square mile hole near the middle -- it's here where the City of London lives inside of the city named London.
但是，如果你看一看由细心的制图师制作的伦敦地图，你会发现地图中间有一个一平方英里的洞——伦敦金融城就在这里，位于名为伦敦的城市内。
Despite these confusingly close names the two Londons have separate city halls and elect separate mayors, who collect separate taxes to fund separate police who enforce separate laws.
尽管这两个名字相近，令人困惑，但两个伦敦都有各自的市政厅，选举各自的市长，他们分别课税来资助执行不同法律的不同警察。
The Mayor of the City of London has a fancy title 'The Right Honourable the Lord Mayor of London' to match his fancy outfit.
伦敦金融城市长有一个花哨的头衔“伦敦市长阁下”，以匹配他花哨的服装。
He also gets to ride in a golden carriage and work in a Guildhall while the mayor of London has to wear a suit, ride a bike and work in an office building.
他还可以乘坐金色马车，在市政厅办公，而伦敦市长则必须穿西装、骑单车，在办公楼里工作。
The City of London also has its own flag and its own crest which is awesome and makes London's lack of either twice as sad.
伦敦金融城还有自己的旗帜和徽章，这很棒，而伦敦市没有这两样，显得更加可悲。
To top it off the City of London gets to act more like one of the countries in the UK than just an oddly located city --
最重要的是，伦敦金融城更像英国的一个国家，而不仅仅是一个位置奇怪的城市——
for uniquely the corporation that runs the city of London is older than the United Kingdom by several hundred years.
因为管理伦敦金融城的法人比英国早几百年。
So how did the UK end up with two Londons, one inside of the other? Because: Romans.
那么，英国为什么会有两个伦敦，一个在另一个里面呢？因为：罗马人。
2,000 years ago they came to Great Britain, killed a bunch of druids, and founded a trading post on the River Thames and named it Londonimium.
2000年前，罗马人来到大不列颠，杀死了一群德鲁伊教徒，在泰晤士河上建立了一个贸易站，并将其命名为Londonimium。
Being Romans they got to work doing what Romans do: enforcing laws, increasing trade, building temples, public baths, roads, bridges and a wall to defend their work.
作为罗马人，他们必须做罗马人该做的事情：执行法律、发展贸易、建造庙宇、公共浴室、道路、桥梁，以及一道保卫他们作品的城墙。
And it's this wall which is why the current City of London exists -- for though the Romans came and the Romans went and kingdoms rose and kingdoms fell, the wall endured protecting the city within.
正是这堵墙，才有了现在的伦敦金融城——尽管罗马人来了又去，王国兴起又衰落，但城墙却一直保护着这座城市。
And The City, governing itself and trading with the world, grew rich.
这座城市自治并与世界进行贸易，变得富有起来。
A thousand years after the Romans (yet still a thousand years ago) when William the Conqueror came to Great Britain to conqueror everything and begin modern british history
罗马人之后的一千年（但仍是距今一千年前），征服者威廉来到大不列颠征服一切，并开启现代英国历史，
he found the City of London, with its sturdy walls more challenging to defeat than farmers on open fields.
他发现伦敦金融城有着坚固的城墙，要征服它比击败户外的农民更具挑战性。
So he agreed to recognize the rights and privileges City of Londoners were used to in return for the them recognizing him as the new King.
因此，他同意承认伦敦金融城市民习惯的权力和特权，作为交换，市民承认威廉是新国王。
Though after the negotiation, William quickly built towers around the City of London which were just as much about protecting William from the locals within as defending against the Vikings from without.
不过谈判结束后，威廉很快在伦敦金融城周围修建了塔楼，这些塔楼不仅保护威廉免受当地人的侵扰，还保护威廉免受外部维京人的侵扰。
This started a thousand-year long tradition whereby Monarchs always reconfirmed that 'yes' the City of London is a special, unique place best left to its own business, while simultaneously distrusting it.
这开启了一个延续千年的传统，君主们总是重申“是的”，伦敦金融城是一个特殊的、独一无二的地方，最好让它自己经营，但同时又不信任它。
Many a monarch thought the City of London was too powerful and rich.
许多君主认为伦敦金融城太强大、太富有了。
And one even built a new Capital city nearby, named Westminster, to compete with the City of London and hopefully, suck power and wealth away from it.
甚至有位君主在附近建造了一个新的首都，名为威斯敏斯特，与伦敦金融城竞争，并希望从中获取权力和财富。
This was the start of the second London. As the centuries passed, Westminster grew and merged with nearby towns eventually surrounding the walled-in, and still separate City of London.
这就是第二个伦敦的起源。几个世纪过去了，威斯敏斯特发展壮大，与附近的城镇合并，最终包围了被围墙包围、仍然独立的伦敦金融城。
But, people began to call the whole urban collection 'London' and the name became official when Parliament joined towns together under a single municipal government with a mayor.
但是，人们开始将整个城市集合称为“伦敦”，当议会将城镇合并在一个由市长领导的市政府下时，伦敦正式成为官方名称。
But, the mayor of London still doesn't have power over the tiny City of London which has rules and traditions like nowhere else in the country and possibly the world.
但是，伦敦市长仍然无法控制这个小小的伦敦金融城，因为伦敦金融城的规则和传统在全国乃至全世界都是独一无二的。
For example, the ruling monarch doesn't just enter the City of London on a whim, but instead asks for permission from the Lord Mayor at a ceremony.
例如，执政君主不会一时兴起就进入伦敦金融城，而是要通过仪式向市长阁下请求许可。
While it's not required by law, the ceremony is, unusual to say the least.
虽然法律没有要求，但仪式至少可以说是不同寻常的。
The City of London also has a representative in Parliament, The Remembrancer, whose job it is to protects the City's special rights.
伦敦金融城在议会也有代表，即“The Remembrancer”，其职责是保护伦敦金融城的特权。
Because of this, laws passed by Parliament sometimes don't apply to the City of London: most notably voting reforms, which we'll discuss next time.
因此，议会通过的法律有时不适用于伦敦金融城：最明显的是选举改革法，我们将在下次讨论。
But if you're curious, unlike anywhere else in the UK elections in the City of London involve Medieval Guilds and modern companies.
但如果你好奇的话先来个预告，与英国其他地方不同，伦敦金融城的选举涉及中世纪行会和现代公司。
Finally, the City of London also owns and operates land and buildings far outside its border, making it quite wealthy.
最后，伦敦金融城还拥有并经营着远离其边界的土地和建筑物，这使其相当富有。
Once you start looking for The City's Crest you'll find it in lots of places, but most notably on Tower Bridge which, while being in London is operated by City of London.
一旦你开始寻找伦敦金融城的徽章，你会在很多地方发现它，但最引人注目的是塔桥，虽然它位于伦敦，却是由伦敦金融城运营。
These crests everywhere when combined with the City of London's age and wealth and quazi-independent status make it an irresistible temptation for conspiracy nuts.
但这些随处可见的徽章，加上伦敦金融城的悠久历史、财富和半独立地位，对阴谋论者来说是一种不可抗拒的诱惑。
Add in the oldest Masonic temple and it's not long before the crazy part of the Internet yelling about secret societies controlling the world via the finance industry from inside the City-state of London.
加上最古老的共济会寺庙，不久之后，互联网上就会出现疯狂的言论，称秘密社团通过伦敦城邦内部的金融业控制世界。
(And don't forget the reptilian alien Queen who's really behind it all.)
（别忘了爬行动物外星女王，她才是幕后主使。）
But conspiracy theories aside, the City of London is not an independent nation like the Vatican is, no matter how much you might read it on the Internet, rather it's a unique place in the United Kingdom with a long and complicated history.
但抛开阴谋论不谈，伦敦金融城并不是像梵蒂冈那样的独立国家，无论你在互联网上读到多少这样的消息，它都是英国一个有着悠久而复杂历史的独特地方。
The wall that began all this 2,000 years ago is now mostly gone -- so the border between London and its secret inner city isn't so obvious.
2000年前开启这一切的那堵墙现在基本已经不复存在——所以伦敦和其秘密内城之间的边界不再那么明显。
Though, next time you're in London, if you come across a small dragon on the street, he still guards the entrance to the city in a city in a country in a country.
不过，下次你去伦敦时，如果你在街上遇到一条小龙，它仍然守卫着这个城中之城，国中之国的入口。
