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when I saw them clear red, I let them stand in that heat about five or six hours, till I found one of them, tho' it did not crack, did melt or run, for the sand which was mixed with the clay melted by the violence of the heat, and would have run into glass if I had gone on,
看到陶器烧得红透后，又继续烤了五六个小时。后来，我看见其中一只虽然没有破裂，但已开始熔化了，这是因为掺在陶土里的沙土被火烧熔了，假如再烧下去，就要成为玻璃了。
so I slacked my fire gradually till the pots began to abate the red colour, and watching them all night, that I might not let the fire abate too fast, in the morning I had three very good, I will not say handsome pipkins; and two other earthern pots, as hard burnt as could be desired; and one of them perfectly glazed with the running of the sand.
于是我慢慢减小火力，罐子渐渐没那么红了。我整夜守着火堆，不让火力退得太快。到了第二天早晨，我便烧成了三只很好的瓦锅和两只瓦罐，虽然谈不上美观，但很坚硬；其中一只由于沙土被烧熔了，还有一层很好的釉。
After this experiment, I need not say that I wanted no sort of earthern ware for my use; but I must needs say, as to the shapes of them, they were very indifferent, as anyone may suppose, when I had no way of making them; but as the children make dirt pies, or as a woman would make pies, that never learned to raise past.
这次实验成功后，我就不缺什么陶器用了。但我必须说，这些东西的形状，是很不像样的。大家也可以想象，因为我没有办法制造这些东西，只能像小孩子做泥饼，或像不会和面粉的女人做馅饼那样去做。
No joy at a thing of so mean a nature was ever equal to mine, when I found I had made an earthern pot that would bear the fire; and I had hardly patience to stay till they were cold, before I set one upon the fire again, with some water in it, to boil me some meat, which it did admirably well;
当我发现制成了一只耐火的锅子时，我的快乐无与伦比，尽管这是一件多么微不足道的事情。等不及让锅子完全冷透，我迫不及待地把其中一只放到火上，倒进水煮起肉来，效果极佳。
and with a piece of a kid, I made some very good broth, though I wanted oatmeal, and several other ingredients, requisite to make it so good as I would have had it been.
我用一块小山羊肉煮了一碗可口的肉汤，不过我没有燕麦粉和别的配料，否则我会做出非常美味的汤来。
My next concern was, to get me a stone mortar, to stamp or beat some corn in; for as to the mill, there was no thought at arriving to that perfection of art, with one pair of hands.
接下来我需要一个石臼舂粮食。我明白，仅凭一双手是无法做出石磨的。
To supply this want I was at a great loss; for of all trades in the world I was as perfectly unqualified for a stone-cutter, as for any whatever; neither had I any tools to go about it with.
至于如何做石臼，我也一筹莫展。三百六十行中，我最不懂的就是石匠手艺了，更何况没有合适的工具。
I spent many a day to find out a great stone big enough to cut hollow, and make fit for a mortar, and could find none at all; except what was in the solid rock, and which I had no way to dig or cut out;
我费了好几天功夫，想找一块大石头，把中间挖空后做个石臼。可是岛上尽是大块岩石，根本无法挖凿。
nor indeed were the rocks in the island of hardness sufficient, but were all of a sandy crumbling stone, which neither would bear the weight of a heavy pestle, or would break the corn without filling it with sand;
而且石质不硬，是些一碰就碎的沙石，经不住重锤去舂，而且即使能捣碎谷物，也必然会有许多沙子和在面粉里。
so after a great deal of time lost in searching for a stone, I gave it over, and resolved to look for a great block of hard wood, which I found indeed much easier;
因此，花了很长时间找不到适当的石料时，我放弃了，决定找一大块硬木头。这要容易得多。
and getting one as big as I had strength to stir, I rounded it, and formed it in the outside with my axe and hatchet, and then with the help of fire, and infinite labour, made a hollow place in it, as the Indians in Brasil make their canoes.
我弄了一块很大的木头，勉强能搬动。然后用大斧小斧把木头砍圆；初具圆形时，借助火力和无限的劳力，在上面烧一个槽，就像巴西的印第安人做独木舟那样。
After this, I made a great heavy pestle or beater, of the wood called the iron wood, and this I prepared and laid by against I had my next crop of corn, when I proposed to my self, to grind, or rather pound into meal to make bread.
然后我又用铁树做了一个又大又重的杵。舂谷的工具做好后，我就放起来准备下次收获后做面粉，再用面粉做面包。
My next difficulty was to make a sieve, or sifter, to dress my meal, and to part it from the bran, and the husk, without which I did not see it possible I could have any bread.
第二个需要克服的困难是，我得做一个筛子筛面粉，把面粉和秕糠分开。没有筛子，就无法做面包。
This was the most difficult thing, even to think on; for to be sure I had nothing like the necessary thing to make it; I mean fine thin canvas, or stuff, to sift the meal through.
做筛子光是想想也把我难倒了。我没有任何材料可以用来做筛子，我是说那种有很细网眼的薄布可以把面粉筛出来。
And here I was at a full stop for many months; nor did I really know what to do; linen I had none left, but what was meer rags; I had goats' hair, but neither knew how to weave it, or spin it; and had I known how, here was no tools to work it with;
这使我停工好几个月，不知怎么办才好。除了一些破布碎片外，我连一块亚麻布也没有。虽然我有山羊毛，但根本不知道怎样纺织，即使知道也没有工具。
all the remedy that I found for this, was, that at last I did remember I had among the seamens' clothes which were saved out of the ship, some neckcloths of Callicoe, or Muslin;
后来，我忽然想起一个补救办法，也是当时唯一的办法，那就是在从船上搬下来的那些水手衣服里，有几块棉布和薄纱围巾。
and with some pieces of these, I made three small sieves, but proper enough for the work; and thus I made shift for some years; how I did afterwards, I shall show in its place.
我拿了几块出来做成三个小筛子，总算能凑合着用，这样应付了好几年。至于后来怎么办，我下面再叙述。
The baking part was the next thing to be considered: how I should make bread when I came to have corn; for first I had no yeast; as to that part, as there was no supplying the want, so I did not concern myself much about it.
下一步要考虑的是制面包的问题，也就是我有了粮食之后怎样做面包。首先，我没有发酵粉。这是绝对没有办法做出来的，所以我也就不去多费脑筋了。
But for an oven, I was indeed in great pain; at length I found out an experiment for that also, which was this;
至于炉子的问题，颇费了我一番周折。但最后，我还是想出了值得一试的办法，具体做法如下：
I made some earthern vessels very broad, but not deep; that is to say, about two foot diameter, and not above nine inches deep; these I burnt in the fire, as I had done the other, and laid them by;
我先做了些很大的陶器，但不太深；这些容器直径有两英尺，但深仅九英寸。像上次烧制陶器那样，我把它们也放在火里烧过，完工后就成了大瓦盆，放置一边备用。
and when I wanted to bake, I made a great fire upon my hearth, which I had paved with some square tiles of my own making, and burning also; but I should not call them square.
制面包时，我先用方砖砌成一个炉子；这些方砖也是我自己烧制出来的，只不过不怎么方正罢了。然后，在炉子里生起火
