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Urban scholars argue that the new data illustrates a longstanding American tradition of high-income earners leaving urban housing markets in pursuit of bigger homes in the suburbs.
城市学者认为，新数据说明了美国长期以来的一个传统，即高收入者离开城市住房市场，到郊区寻找更大的房子。
“We like big houses, and we like big cars,” said Richard Florida, an expert on cities and author of “The New Urban Crisis.” “It’s part of our post-World War II DNA.”
“我们喜欢大房子，我们也喜欢大汽车，”城市专家、《新城市危机》的作者理查德·弗罗里达说，“这是二战后美国人DNA中的一部分。”
But remote and hybrid work has supercharged this trend.
但远程和混合办公已经极大地加速了这一趋势。
A small portion of the work force (around 12 percent now, compared with roughly 50 percent at the peak of Covid lockdowns) is still able to work entirely remotely.
现在一小部分劳动力仍然能够完全远程工作(占比约为12%，在疫情封锁最严重的时期约为50%)。
Some chose to leave pricey housing markets like San Francisco or New York in favor of new hometowns, sometimes called “Zoom towns.”
一些人选择退出旧金山或纽约等城市昂贵的住房市场，转而选择新的家乡，这种地方有时被称为“Zoom小镇”。（注：Zoom是远程办公经常用到的视频会议软件。）
Others who are working in hybrid environments, in which they have to go to the office only two or three days a week, moved and accepted lengthier “super commutes” in exchange for cheaper housing and more space.
其他人在混合环境中工作，一周只需去办公室两三天，于是他们搬家了，选择接受更长距离的“超级通勤”，以换取更便宜的住房和更大的空间。
Verna Coleman is one of those super commuters.
维娜·科尔曼就是一位超级通勤者。
Ms. Coleman, 41, works for a media company in New York.
41岁的科尔曼在纽约一家传媒公司工作。
Before the pandemic, she lived in Brooklyn and went into the office five days a week.
在疫情前，她住在纽约的布鲁克林区，一周有五天要去办公室。
In 2020, after remote work started, she bought a house in Cincinnati, where she grew up and wants to raise her two children.
2020年开始远程办公后，她在俄亥俄州的辛辛那提买了一套房子，她在那里长大，也想在那里抚养两个孩子。
Now Ms. Coleman commutes into her Manhattan office for three days every other week, and leases a small apartment in Harlem.
现在，科尔曼每隔一周通勤前往她在纽约曼哈顿的办公室并在曼哈顿待三天，她在纽约哈莱姆区租了一套小公寓。
“It’s only an hour-and-a-half flight, so I frequently cite to people it’s a shorter flight than driving across the George Washington Bridge and sitting in traffic for two and a half hours,” she said.
“从辛辛那提到纽约坐飞机只要一个半小时，所以我经常跟人们说，这比（住在纽约上班的时候）开车穿过乔治·华盛顿大桥，再在路上堵两个半小时花费的时间更短，”科尔曼说，
“I take a 6 a.m. flight from Cincinnati, and I’m normally at my desk before 9.”
“我在早上6点从辛辛那提起飞，通常在9点前就坐到工位上了。”
Some days are more challenging, though — including last week, with foggy skies causing flight delays.
然而，有些时候这种通勤很有挑战性，比如上周，大雾导致了航班延误。
“We create the options we have to for our kids and to maintain our careers,” she added.
“为了我们的孩子以及维持事业，我们不得不创造出这些选择。”她补充道。
But the effects of this shift on cities have been troubling, many economists argue, as urban leaders struggle to revive the downtown areas sapped of some workers who used to eat, drink and shop there.
但许多经济学家认为，这种转变对城市的影响令人担忧，城市领导者正在努力复兴市中心地区，曾经上班族在那里吃饭、喝酒和购物，现在市中心已经失去这些人了。
And business leaders are grappling with both the downsides and the blessings of their newly dispersed work forces.
企业老板也正在想办法应对新的分散劳动力带来的利与弊。
A video game company in Boulder, Colo., called Serenity Forge, adopted a hybrid policy in 2021.
科罗拉多州博尔德市的一家视频游戏公司“寂静铁匠铺”在2021年采取了混合办公政策。
The company’s founder, Zhenghua Yang, gets nostalgic for prepandemic days when people hung out at the office over potlucks and Ping-Pong — but also notices that his employees now seem to have a healthier balance between family and professional life.
这家公司的创始人杨正华（音译）怀念疫情前的日子，那时人们在办公室随便吃饭、打乒乓球，但他也注意到，他的员工们现在似乎在家庭和职业生活之间找到了更健康的平衡。
