评论
打印
In August, Illinois passed a law, the first of its kind in the United States, requiring adults who use "the likeness, name or photograph" of a minor in paid online content to set aside a portion of the earnings in a trust.
今年8月，伊利诺伊州通过了一项法律，这是美国首部此类法律，要求在付费在线内容中使用了未成年人"肖像、姓名或照片"的成年人，必须将收入的一部分放在信托基金中。
David Koehler, a state senator who introduced the bill, was inspired after receiving a letter from Shreya Nallamothu, a local high school student, urging him to consider establishing legal protections for child influencers.
提出这项法案的州参议员大卫·克勒在收到当地高中生什雷亚·纳拉莫苏的一封信后受到了启发，信中纳拉莫苏敦促他考虑为儿童网红建立法律保护。
How much parents should set aside is based on how much the child appears in the content. For example, if the child is in 100 percent of an influencer's videos, at least half of the earnings must be set aside.
父母应该在信托基金中放多少钱，取决于儿童在网络内容中出现了多少。例如，如果儿童在网红视频中出现的比例为100%，那么必须留出至少一半的收入。
The law, which will go into effect in July 2024, does not require parents to report information about their child's earnings to the state, but it does give child influencers the right to pursue legal action.
这项将于2024年7月生效的法律并不要求父母向州政府报告儿童的收入信息，但它赋予了儿童网红提起法律诉讼的权利。
In Washington State, Chris McCarty, a college sophomore who uses the gender honorific Mx., has been working with local politicians since 2021 to design a law that will protect child social media stars.
在华盛顿州，克里斯·麦卡蒂是一名大二学生（Ta使用无性别称呼Mx），自2021年以来，Ta一直与当地政界人士合作，设计一项保护儿童社交媒体明星的法律。
The current version of the bill, introduced in January, requires parents to set aside 15 percent of their revenue; it also includes a provision that an Internet platform would have to take "all reasonable steps" to delete a video at the request of a child star who has come of age if the platform paid the parents for that content.
该法案的当前版本于今年1月推出，要求父母拿出收入的15%；其中还包括一项条款：如果互联网平台为某一视频内容向父母付费，则平台必须应已成年儿童网红的要求，采取"一切合理措施"将该视频删除。
In February, Cam Barrett, a TikTok influencer who appeared in her mother's Facebook posts regularly as a child, testified in support of the Washington bill.
今年2月，TikTok网红卡姆·巴雷特作证支持华盛顿的这项法案。巴雷特小时候经常出现在母亲的脸书帖子里。
"I'm terrified to share my name because a digital footprint I had no control over exists," Ms. Barrett said. She recalled her mother sharing intimate details of her first period, of a car accident she was in, and of a serious illness she once had.
"我不敢让别人知道我的名字，因为网上有关于我的内容，而我没办法控制这些内容。"她说。她回忆了她母亲在网上讲述她第一次来月经的隐私细节、她经历过的一次车祸，以及她曾经患过的一场重病。
Sarah Adams, a blogger who criticizes child exploitation on social media, said that children were being "consumed as content publicly, sometimes on the daily, across various platforms."
莎拉·亚当斯是一位在社交媒体上批评剥削儿童的博客作者，她说儿童正在"作为一种内容被公开消费，这种消费有时每天都在进行，出现在各种平台上"。
Influencing has become an aspirational path for many young people. A study by the Harris Poll, a market analytics group, and Lego found that children ages 8 to 12 are three times as interested in being a YouTuber as they are in being an astronaut.
成为网红已经成了许多年轻人的一个志向。市场分析集团哈里斯民意调查和乐高公司联合开展的一项研究发现，8至12岁的儿童对成为油管博主的兴趣是对成为宇航员的兴趣的三倍。
The amount of money that influencers earn varies widely, but the most successful ones, like Anastasia Radzinskaya, the 9-year-old star of the YouTube channel Like Nastya, can make millions of dollars.
网红的收入水平差别很大，最成功的网红可以赚到数百万美元，比如阿纳斯塔西娅·拉津斯卡娅，她今年九岁，油管账号是Like Nastya。
In videos shared with 108 million subscribers, Anastasia spends time with her parents and friends, and demonstrates the risks of overeating sugar as well as the benefits of washing hands.
在有1.08亿订阅者共同观看的视频中，阿纳斯塔西娅与父母和朋友共度时光，并演示了过量吃糖的风险以及洗手的好处。
