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The two sites appear to be among the hardest hit. But throughout Florida's reef, which stretches some 350 miles, scientists and advocates are doing triage.
宽边帽礁岛和卢礁岛似乎是损失最为严重的两个复育点。但对于佛罗里达州绵延约350英里的珊瑚礁，科学家和珊瑚保护者正在进行分类救援。
First priority has been salvaging samples of the most threatened species of coral. Before the marine heat wave, there were only about 150 genetic individuals of elkhorn and 300 of staghorn left in the state. (Coral can reproduce asexually, making clones of themselves, so separate corals can have the same genes.)
当务之急是抢救受威胁最大的珊瑚物种的样本。在海洋热浪到来之前，整个佛罗里达州仅剩约150个麋角珊瑚和300个鹿角珊瑚的基因个体。(珊瑚可以无性繁殖，将自己克隆，因此不同的珊瑚可以拥有相同的基因。)
Divers fanned out across the reef and offshore nurseries, collecting two fragments of each genetic individual. Those were taken to tanks in holding facilities, then loaded onto trailers and driven to two separate locations that will serve as gene banks.
潜水员在珊瑚礁和近海复育场四散开来，对每个基因个体收集两块碎片。这些碎片会被送往存放场地的水箱，然后装上拖车，运往两个不同的地点，作为基因库。
It's a "last-ditch sort of insurance policy," said Jennifer Moore, who is leading the banking effort and coordinates protected coral recovery for NOAA Fisheries' Southeast region. "God forbid everything dies in the water, we still have not lost those individuals."
詹妮弗·摩尔说，这是"最后的保险办法"，她是基因库工作的带头人，并协调国家海洋渔业局的东南部地区受保护珊瑚的复育工作。"但愿水里的东西不会都死掉，我们至少还有这些基因个体。"
Coral reefs occur in less than 1 percent of the ocean, but about 25 percent of all marine life depends on them at some point, including fish that provide a critical source of protein to millions of people.
珊瑚礁只在不到1%的海洋中出现，但大约25%的海洋生物在某些阶段都依赖珊瑚礁，其中包括为数百万人提供关键蛋白质的鱼类。
Reefs also protect shorelines from storms, breaking the energy of waves by an average of 97 percent, researchers have found. Worldwide, the goods and services provided by reefs have been valued at $2.7 trillion a year.
研究人员发现，珊瑚礁还可以保护海岸线免受风暴的侵袭，使海浪的能量平均减少97%。在全球范围内，珊瑚礁每年提供的商品和服务价值达2.7万亿美元。
Yet they are imperiled. In 2018, the UN scientific panel on climate change noted that the fate of coral reefs hangs in the balance between a global temperature increase of 1.5 degrees Celsius and a rise of 2 degrees Celsius.
然而，它们正处于危险之中。2018年，联合国气候变化科学小组指出，全球气温上升1.5摄氏度至2摄氏度会让珊瑚礁的命运岌岌可危。
The smaller figure would cause further declines of 70 to 90 percent, the scientists said. The larger one would bring losses of more than 99 percent.
科学家说，升温1.5摄氏度将导致珊瑚礁的面积下降70%至90%。升温2摄氏度将使超过99%的珊瑚礁消失。
While migration can help animals and plants adapt to a warming planet, coral reefs require very specific ocean conditions and take decades, centuries or millenniums to build.
动植物可以通过迁徙来适应变暖的地球，而珊瑚礁需要非常特定的海洋条件，需要数十年、数百年或数千年才能形成。
The pace of climate change is too fast, Phanor Montoya-Maya, a marine biologist with the Coral Restoration Foundation, said. Without drastic reductions in greenhouse gas emissions, the world is on track to warm 2.1 to 2.9 degrees by 2100, according to the United Nations.
珊瑚复育基金会的海洋生物学家帕诺·蒙托亚-玛雅说，气候变化的速度太快了。联合国称，如果不大幅减少温室气体排放，到2100年，全球气温将上升2.1至2.9摄氏度。
Stressed corals bleach, meaning they expel the algae that give them color and nourishment. If conditions don't improve, or if bleaching happens too frequently, the corals will die.
受到温度压力的珊瑚会白化，这意味着珊瑚驱逐了给它们带来颜色和营养的藻类。如果条件没有改善，或者白化太频繁，珊瑚就会死亡。
