今日长难句:
选自《经济学人》
This can be done by counting the number of worm eggs in animals’ droppings and selecting as sires and dams those that have the fewest, on the assumption that these are the sheep with the least worm-friendly guts, and that this property will show up in their offspring as well.
这可以通过计算动物粪便中的虫卵数量完成,并选择那些虫卵最少的作为公羊和母羊培育后代,假设这些羊的肠道对虫子最不友好,这种特性也会在它们的后代中表现出来。
这句话的主句This can be done,这可以完成,通过什么完成?by counting the number of worm eggs in animals’ droppings,可以通过计算动物粪便中虫卵的数量完成,其中droppings在这里指的不是掉落,而是掉落下来的鸟兽的粪便;还可以通过什么完成呢?and selecting as sires and dams those that have the fewest,这里的难点在与selecting选择是及物动词,之后并没有告诉我们选择了什么而是跟随了一个介词短语,这里是一个倒装结构,及物动词+介词短语+名词,在名词比较长的时候,比如这个名词之后跟随了后置定语时,通常会发生倒装,阅读时可以先跳过介词短语,找到名词中最核心的词,然后回过头来再读介词短语,所以这句话的正常语序应该是selecting those(that have the fewest)as sires and dams,选择那些羊作为育种的公羊和母羊,什么样的羊?that have the fewest,有最少虫卵的样,这里fewest之后省略了the number of worm eggs。再往后on the assumption作为状语,表示在…...的假设下,on the assumption之后跟随两个并列关系的同位语从句,that these are the sheep with the least worm-friendly guts,这些是有着对虫子最不友好肠道的羊,and that this property will show up in their offspring as well.这个特性在后代中也会表现出来,其中this property指代的是with the least worm-friendly guts这样的特性。
总结下,这句话由4个简单句组成,4个谓语动词分别是can be done,have,are和will show up。整句话意思是:这可以通过计算动物粪便中的虫卵数量完成,并选择那些虫卵最少的作为公羊和母羊培育后代,假设这些羊的肠道对虫子最不友好,这种特性也会在它们的后代中表现出来。
核心要点:
1.droppings n. 鸟兽的粪便;
例:This might sound unappealing, but nightingale droppings have long been used in Japan to clear sunspots, acne marks and pigmentation.
这听起来可能没什么吸引力,但夜莺粪便长期以来在日本被用来清除祛斑、痤疮和色素沉着。
2.guts n. 内脏;胆量
例:He doesn't have the guts to walk away from a well-paid job.
他没胆量辞去一份报酬优厚的工作。
3. on the assumption 在……的假设下
例:His views are grounded on the assumption that all people are equal.
他的观点建立在人人平等的假设之上。
更多精彩内容,欢迎关注【可可英语】微信公众号。另外,我们开通了【可可英语APP】微信视频号哦,欢迎关注~