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She also announced an unprecedented plan for a $140 billion windfall tax on gas, oil, and coal producers to help pay for government subsidies that will limit European households’ gas bills.
她还宣布了一项前所未有的计划，对天然气、石油和煤炭生产商征收1400亿美元的暴利税，以帮助支付政府补贴，这些补贴将限制欧洲家庭的天然气账单过高。
Britain, despite having left the EU, is also finalizing a package, which could total nearly $200 billion, to cap energy price increases for households and businesses.
英国尽管已经脱离欧盟，但最终也在敲定一项总额近2000亿美元的一揽子计划，以限制家庭和企业的能源价格上涨上限。
A number of EU states, including Germany, have also been taking steps to cut energy use and drawing up plans for more drastic cutbacks if necessary.
包括德国在内的一些欧盟国家也在采取措施减少能源使用，并制定计划在必要时进行更大幅度的削减。
So far, the main effect of Russia’s sharp cutback on natural gas supplies to the EU – it provided some 40% of the bloc’s imports before the war, but less than a quarter of that today – has been to harden Europe’s political resolve and accelerate moves to find long-term alternatives.
到目前为止，俄罗斯对欧盟大幅削减天然气供应的主要影响是强化了欧洲的政治决心，加快了寻找长期可替代能源的行动。战前，俄罗斯为欧盟提供了约40%的天然气进口，但如今欧盟进口却不到四分之一。
Inevitably, the Russian cutbacks have inflicted damage on European economies, if only because they’ve contributed to a steep worldwide hike in energy prices.
俄罗斯削减能源供应不可避免地对欧洲经济造成了破坏，这仅仅是因为他们导致了全球能源价格的急剧上涨。
But EU countries have set themselves the goal of eventually importing no Russian gas at all, and they have been adapting more quickly than the Kremlin will have expected.
但欧盟国家已经为自己设定了最终完全不再进口俄罗斯天然气的目标，而且欧盟国家适应的速度比俄罗斯预期的要快。
Yet, winter could still be grueling.
然而，冬天可能仍然很难熬。
In Ukraine, more than 6 million people have lost their homes as a result of the invasion.
在乌克兰，超过600万人因入侵战争而失去家园。
Half a million, mostly in the east of the country, are already living without electricity.
50万人，大部分在该国东部，在没有供电的情况下生活着。
And the Russians’ immediate response to recent Ukrainian success on the battlefield – missile strikes on civilian power plants – leaves little doubt that Mr. Putin is ready to deny Ukrainians power, heat, and light when the winter nights arrive.
俄罗斯军队对乌克兰最近在战场上取得的成功立即做出反应--用导弹袭击民用发电厂-- 毫无疑问，普京准备在冬夜到来时切断乌克兰人的用电、供暖和照明。
In Europe, too, the EU’s preparations may not be sufficient to prevent blackouts if the winter proves especially severe.
对欧洲也是如此，如果冬天的天气特别恶劣，欧盟的准备工作可能不足以避免停电。
Even if things do not get that bad, there is every possibility that EU economies will be tipped into recession.
即使情况没有那么糟糕，欧盟经济状况也极有可能陷入衰退。
Still, recent polls indicate that grassroots European support for Ukraine is holding up, six months into the war.
尽管如此，最近的民意调查显示，尽管战争已经进行了6个月，但欧洲民众仍持续支持乌克兰。
And Ms. von der Leyen, while frankly acknowledging that the EU “will be tested” in the winter ahead, was keen to remind member states that a deeper principle was at stake: “It is autocracy against democracy.”
冯德莱恩虽然坦率地承认，欧盟在即将到来的冬天“将受到考验”，但她也热切地提醒成员国，一个更深层次的原则正岌岌可危:“这是专制对抗民主。”
Both she and Mr. Putin know, however, that the next stage of that struggle will depend on more than the military experts.
然而，她和普京都知道，下一阶段的斗争将不仅仅取决于军事专家。
It’s in the hands of the weather forecasters.
而是掌握在天气预报员的手中。
