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Across the nation, auto companies, local officials and union leaders are trying to chart a path through this uncertain, fast-moving moment. Small towns and state governments are jockeying to capture their share of the emerging green economy, enticing electric automakers to invest in their backyards with tax incentives and worker-training programs. Legacy automakers are rethinking their businesses from the ground up, poised to spend tens of billions of dollars in the process, while union leaders are fighting to maintain a voice in the evolving industry. Meanwhile, the Biden Administration is trying to use the federal dime to shape the industry's transition in a way that will ultimately support communities.
在全国各地，汽车公司、地方官员和工会领导人都在努力规划一条道路以度过这个不确定、快速发展的时刻。小城镇和州政府都在想方设法从新兴的绿色经济中分一杯羹，通过税收优惠和工人培训项目吸引电动汽车制造商投资自家后院。传统汽车制造商正在从头开始重新考虑他们的业务，准备在这个过程中花费数百亿美元，而工会领导人正努力在不断发展的行业中维持自己的话语权。与此同时，拜登政府正试图利用联邦政府的资金，以最终支持社区的方式来推动该行业的转型。
The auto industry is not the only sector staring into the green unknown. Study after study shows that on a global scale, transitioning industry to a low-carbon economy will create new jobs, but those jobs won't necessarily be in the same places, go to the same people, or offer the same pay and benefits. In the energy sector, for example, the International Labour Organization found that addressing climate change will create 24 million jobs globally while eliminating 6 million. This trend carries across large swaths of the economy.
汽车行业并不是唯一一个盯着绿色未知的行业。一项又一项研究表明，在全球范围内，向低碳经济转型将创造新的就业机会，但这些就业机会不一定在相同的地方，不一定流向相同的人，也不一定能提供相同的薪酬和福利。例如，在能源部门，国际劳工组织发现，应对气候变化将在全球创造2400万个就业机会，同时减少600万个就业机会。这一趋势贯穿了经济的大部分领域。
But the science of climate change is urgent, and even the most wizened labor advocates acknowledge that such complexities cannot be an excuse for inaction. Instead, they say, this moment must be viewed as an opportunity to create the best jobs as early as possible. "All of these decisions on electric vehicles and clean energy ... will need to be worker-centered," says Senator Sherrod Brown, an Ohio Democrat and longtime supporter of organized labor. "That will make all the difference."
但气候变化的科学研究迫在眉睫，即使是最干瘪的劳工倡导者也承认，这种复杂性不能成为无所作为的借口。相反，他们说，必须把这个时刻视为一个尽早创造最佳就业机会的机会。“所有这些关于电动汽车和清洁能源的决定…… 将需要以工人为中心，”俄亥俄州民主党参议员谢罗德·布朗是工会的长期支持者，他说：“这将改变一切。”
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