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What those characters are speaking isn't gibberish.
这些角色并不是在胡言乱语。
It's actually a language called Dothraki, and it was invented by this guy, David Peterson, in lovely Orange County, California.
这其实是一种叫多斯拉克语的语言，由一个叫大卫·彼得森的人创造，他住在可爱的加州奥兰治县。
David Peterson is what we call a conlanger, an inventor of languages.
大卫·彼得森就是我们所说的语言创造者。
Conlanging is the intentional creation of a full language, creating its full grammar, its full phonology,
语言创造是有意识地创造一种完整的语言，创造完整的语法，完整的语音，
its writing system if it has one, and its entire lexicon.
书写系统(如果有的话)和整个词汇。
David has written many languages, but the first one he wrote was back in 2000.
大卫写过很多语言，但他第一次创造语言是在2000年。
I was taking an intro linguistics class at UC Berkeley in 2000,
2000年，我在加州大学伯克利分校上语言学入门课，
and it was just one day during class I started scribbling on my notes my very first language.
有一天上课的时候，我开始在笔记上瞎写，这就是我创造的第一种语言。
He named it after his girlfriend.
他用女朋友的名字为它命名。
Meg Davy.
梅格·戴维。
And according to David himself.
按照大卫自己的说法。
It's irredeemably awful, it's just not worth even considering anymore.
非常糟糕，根本不值得再提起。
Everything I was doing with this language was just kind of a really fancy bizarre way to speak English.
我创造这种语言时做的无非是用一种非常浮夸的方式来说英语。
So I just kind of started over and said, “Alright, ground zero, how do I be a language creator?”
所以我就重新开始了，“好吧，归零，我该如何成为一个语言创造者?”
Before we move forward, let's take a quick step back and talk about the godfather of modern conlanging: J.R.R. Tolkien.
在我们继续讨论之前，让我们先快速回顾一下现代语言创造的教父:J.R.R.托尔金。
You probably know this name because he's the author of The Hobbit and Lord of the Rings.
你可能知道这个名字，因为他是《霍比特人》和《指环王》的作者。
He created 14 different languages for use within Middle Earth.
他创造了14种不同的中土世界语言。
Quenya and Sindarin are probably his most famous.
昆雅和辛达林可能是他最著名的创造。
He was the very first person that we know of to create languages just for fun, and we've been kind of emulating him ever since.
他是我们已知的第一个为了好玩而创造语言的人，从那以后我们就一直在模仿他。
Now that we've cleared that up we can move forward.
现在我们已经弄清楚了起源，可以继续往下聊了。
We're here in California because we're curious about what it takes to create a successful language.
我们这次来到加州是因为我们很好奇怎样才能创造出一种成功的语言。
David's having two of his friends who are also conlangers come over and speak with us.
大卫邀请了他的两个朋友来和我们聊天，他们也是语言创造者。
One of them brought ice cream.
其中一人还买了冰激凌过来。
We were gonna do this outside but it's too hot so we're gonna do it inside.
我们本来是打算在外面聊，但外面太热了，于是我们决定在室内聊。
The three of them are talking about how languages are created, and they've come up with five steps.
他们三个在探讨语言是如何产生的，提出了五个步骤。
Take it away guys.
拿走吧朋友们。
Oh.
噢
So, alright.
好的，开始。
A naturalistic conlang needs five basic things.
一次自然的语言创造需要五个基础。
One. The people.
一，人。
What they do, who their neighbors are.
他们做什么，他们的邻居是谁。
The second thing that you're going to need is a phonology or sound system.
二，你需要一个语音系统。
Do you have voiced and voiceless consonants?
有浊辅音和清辅音吗?
Do you have aspirated consonants?
有送气辅音吗?
Three, words.
三，词汇。
All the nouns, all the verbs, all the modifiers.
所有的名词、动词、修饰词。
Fourth, grammar.
四，语法。
Which is the fun part.
这部分就有趣了。
Finally, history.
最后，历史。
You need to know how meanings of words changed over time
你需要知道单词的含义是如何随时间变化的，
and you need to know how the grammar of your language evolved from a time in the distant past to what's used now.
你需要知道你创造的语言语法是如何从遥远的过去演变到现在使用的这样。
Now that we've got that settled, let's finish this.
既然我们解决了这个问题，那就结束吧。
In the past 15 years, somebody who created language went from somebody who's like, oh, you're a nerd, to, you know, oh wow.
在过去的15年里，创造语言的人从“哦，你真是个书呆子”变成了“哦，哇”。
That's really nerdy, which now means cool.
这也太书呆子了，太酷了吧。
And its prolific use in television and film proves that it's not just a passing fancy.
它在电视和电影中的大量使用证明了它不是一时的幻想。
For television the difference between a created language and some other set prop is
对于电视来说，创造出来的语言和其他道具之间的区别在于，
that the maximum level of interaction that a viewer ever has with a background set or with a prop is just seeing it on screen.
观众与背景或道具之间最大程度的互动仅仅是在屏幕上看到它。
A language, on the other hand, when you hear it that's the most real a language ever gets.
而另一方面，当你听到一种语言时，它就是最真实的一种存在。
For that reason you have to have a fully created language for a television show, and not just a bunch of gibberish.
因此，你必须为电视剧创造一种完整的语言，而不仅仅是一堆胡言乱语。
Was that good?
还不错吧？
That was great.
很棒。
Thank god.
谢天谢地。
