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In this American English pronunciation video, we're going to learn how to pronounce the AA as in BAT vowel.
在本期视频中，我们将学习如何发BAT中的AA元音。
This is a sound that changes depending on the following sound.
这是一种根据后续发音变化的音。
So, it can either be a pure vowel or a modified vowel. We'll go over both in this video.
所以，它既可以是纯元音，也可以是修饰元音。我们将在这段视频中讨论这两个问题。
To make the pure AA vowel, the jaw drops quite a bit, AA.
要发纯AA元音，下巴要降一些，AA。
The tip of the tongue stays forward; it's touching the back of the bottom front teeth, AA. The back part of the tongue stretches up.
舌尖保持向前；它接触到底部门牙的背面，AA。舌头的后部向上伸展。
The tongue is wide, AA. Because the tongue is high in the back and low in the front, you can see a lot of it.
舌头平展，AA。因为舌头在后部抬高，在前部放低，你能看到大部分。
This is different from the 'ah' as in 'father' vowel, for example,
这与“father”中的元音“ah”不同，
where the tongue presses down in the back and you see more dark space in the mouth. AA, AH.
在这里，舌头压在后面，你会看到嘴里更多暗部。AA、AH。
You can also see the corners of the mouth pull back and up a little bit. AA.
你还可以看到嘴角向后拉，并且向上提一点，AA。
Let's take a look at the pure AA vowel up close and in slow motion.
让我们近距离、慢速看一下纯AA元音。
The tongue tip is down and the back of the tongue lifts. Here's the word 'sat'.
舌尖向下，舌背抬起，这是“sat”这个词。
The tongue position is easy to see because of the jaw drop needed for this vowel.
舌头的位置很容易看到，因为这个元音需要下巴下垂。
When AA is in a stressed syllable, the vowel will go up and come down in pitch, AA.
AA在重读音节中时，元音的音调会上下起伏，AA。
Sat, AA.
Sat、AA。
In an unstressed syllable, the vowel is flatter and lower in pitch, quieter, aa.
在非重读音节中，元音更平缓，音调更低，更安静，aa。
This vowel is unstressed in the second syllable of 'backtrack'. Let's look up close and in slow motion.
这个元音在“backtrack”的第二个音节中不重读。让我们慢速、近距离看一下。
In the first, stressed syllable, the jaw drops, and we see the corners of the lips pull back and up for the stressed AA.
在第一个重读音节中，下巴下垂，我们看到嘴角向后并向上拉，重读AA。
In the unstressed syllable, the jaw drops less. Let's compare them.
在非重读音节中，下巴下降的幅度较小。我们来比较一下。
On top is the stressed AA. You can see the jaw drops more.
最上面是重读的AA。可以看到下巴更下垂。
For the unstressed AA, the corners of the lips are a little more relaxed than in the stressed version,
对于非重读的AA来说，唇角比重读时稍微放松一点，
where they pull slightly back and up.
唇角稍微向后并向上拉。
Generally, the unstressed version of a vowel or diphthong is more relaxed and doesn't take the full mouth position,
一般来说，元音或双元音在非重读时更放松，不用张开整个嘴部。
in this case, a little less jaw drop, and relaxed lips.
在这种情况下，下巴有点下降，放松嘴唇。
This is because unstressed syllables are shorter, so we don't take the time to make the full position.
这是因为非重读音节较短，所以不需要花时间把嘴部全张开。
