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Hi, I'm Martin.
大家好，我是马丁。
Welcome to Oxford Online English! In this lesson, you can get ten essential tips for your IELTS writing exam.
欢迎来到牛津在线英语课堂！在这节课中，大家将学到关于雅思写作考试的10个基本技巧。
How's this video different? Well, we collected feedback from students who took IELTS, and also interviewed IELTS examiners.
这期的视频有什么特点？是这样，我们收集了参加雅思考试学生的反馈，也采访了雅思考官。
Our aim is to give you the most up-to-date IELTS advice, and also give you tips which you might not find elsewhere.
我们的目的是给你最新的雅思建议，同时也给你一些你在其他地方找不到的提示。
We've also included our own top tips, which we've developed through teaching hundreds of IELTS candidates.
我们的目的是给大家提供最新的雅思建议，同时也教给大家一些在其他地方学不到的提示。
You can study with us too, if you want; book classes on Oxford Online English dot com.
如果大家愿意，也可以和我们一起学习；登录牛津在线英语网站，预订课程。
One more thing, do you want English subtitles while watching this video? Turn them on now if you like.
对了，你们看这期视频需要英文字幕吗？需要的话，现在就打开字幕。
If your overall IELTS score is between two bands, your score is rounded up.
如果雅思总分位于两个等级分之间，那么总成绩会被四舍五入。
For example, if you score 7-7-7-6 in the four sections, you'll get band seven overall.
举例说，如果四个单项分是7分-7分-7分-6分，那么你的总成绩就是7分。
In the writing exam, it probably doesn't work the same way.
在写作考试中，规则可能会有所变化。
Why 'probably'? Well, there's no clear information publicly available, and even the examiners we spoke to weren't sure.
为什么说“可能”？嗯，因为没有明确的公开信息，甚至受访的主考官也无法确定。
However, according to the best information we have:
然而，根据我们所掌握的最佳信息：
if you score seven for task achievement, seven for coherence/cohesion,
如果在写作考试中，任务完成情况得了7分，连贯与衔接得了7分，
seven for vocabulary and six for grammar in your writing exam, that will be rounded down to 6.5.
在词汇方面得了7分，在语法方面得了6分，那么总分会被四舍五入到6.5分。
What does this mean for you? It means that you can't have any major weaknesses.
这对大家来说意味着什么？意味着单项分不能有任何弱项。
If your target score is seven, you probably need to score seven in all four areas.
如果目标分数是7分，那么可能需要在四个单项都拿到7分。
Do you make multiple small grammar errors when you write? This will likely limit your grammar score to six.
大家在写作的时候会犯很多小的语法错误吗？这可能会把语法分数限制在6分。
If you get one score of six, then getting band seven overall becomes much more difficult.
如果拿到6分，那么想总成绩拿到7分就很难了。
OK, if you score band eight in one area, then you can score band six somewhere else and still get seven.
好吧，如果你们在某个单项拿到了8分，那么其他单项拿到6分是可以的，总成绩还是能拿到7分。
However, it's rare that we see students with some scores much higher than others.
然而，很少看到一些学生的单项分数比其他考生高太多。
Generally, the four scores – TA, C＆C, vocabulary and grammar – are close together.
一般来说，这四个分数——任务完成情况、连贯与衔接、词汇和语法——分值都差不了多少。
So, if your target score is, for example, seven, you need to aim for seven in all four areas.
所以，如果目标分数是7分，就需要在所有四个单项都拿到7分。
Find your weakest area, find out what you need to do to hit your target score, and give it extra focus when preparing.
发现自身最薄弱的环节，发掘拿下目标分数要掌握的技巧，备考的时候要特别关注弱项。
In the past, IELTS examiners would count how many words you had written, and apply a penalty to your TA score if you hadn't written enough.
之前，雅思考官会计算单词数量，如果字数不达标，会对任务完成分数进行扣分。
They no longer do this.
现在他们不这么做了。
No one will count your words.
没有人计算单词的数量。
So, you shouldn't do this in the exam, either.
所以，大家也无需在考试中统计单词数量。
Why did they change? The idea is that you can't write a full answer while writing less than the word count, and this will be reflected in your TA score anyway; there's no need for an extra word count penalty.
为什么要改变呢？原因是字数如果不达标无法能写出完整答案，这部分将计入任务完成的分数中；无需再单独扣分。
So, focus on writing full, well-developed answers which answer every part of the task.
所以，要集中精力写出完整、标准的答案，针对题目的每一部分进行作答。
Don't worry about word count.
无需担心单词数量。
This applies to the exam.
考试时同理。
When practising, you should count your words.
进行练习时，应该要留意字数。
However, don't focus on the word count as a number.
但是，不要认为字数就是个数字。
If you find it difficult to meet the word count, this strongly suggests that you aren't answering the task fully.
如果发现很难达到字数要求，这会强烈地暗示你没有完整地完成任务。
Ask yourself: what could you add? What ideas could you explain in more depth?
问问自己：还可以补充些什么？能不能更深入地解释一些观点？
