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I think all of us basically as we grow older realize that almost all of our learning happens through experience
我觉得所有人随着年龄的增长都会意识到，几乎我们所有的学习都是通过经历来完成的，
and very little of it actually happens in these kinds of organized, contrived, constrained environments that many schools are like.
很少是在像学校那种有组织的、人为的、受约束的环境中完成的。
I think it took me a long time to become a learner because I kept going back and expecting someone to teach me stuff.
我花了很长时间才成为一个学习者，因为我总会回到以前那种状态，希望是别人来教我东西。
But what I realized in the last 20 years or so, especially since the internet came around is that this is a really powerful opportunity to continually learn
但我意识到在过去的20年左右，尤其是互联网出现以后，这是一个非常强大的持续学习的机会，
and that again as I look into the future for my kids I just totally think that they are going to succeed or fail based on their ability to learn.
当我展望我的孩子们的未来，我相信他们个人的学习能力将决定他们是成功还是失败。
I think changes are going to come mostly from the bottom up.
我认为，变革将主要来自底层。
I think there are huge financial considerations for those who are in charge or have power right now
我认为对负责人和掌权人而言，现在有很大的经济考量，
and that it's going to be very difficult for them to break those stories or those narratives in service of one that is more, that embraces learning in a more kind of natural sense.
让他们打破现有规则和现行方法去为一种更加自然的学习方法让路非常困难。
I think you're seeing it already, right.
相信大家已经看出来了，是吧。
Mastery.org, the Mastery Transcript Consortium is an example that I give all the time about a group of schools, about 300-400 of them now that have gotten together and just said look,
“Mastery.org，掌握记录财团”就是一个例子，我让一群学校，大约有三四百个，把他们聚到一起，告诉他们
in a couple of years we're not going to send our kids out to colleges with transcripts that have numbers on them and grades on them
几年后，我们不打算让孩子去有成绩单、有分数的大学学习，
because frankly, we think that numbers and grades are not a great way of assessing what kids actually can do and what they've learned.
因为说实话，我们觉得那些数字和分数并不是衡量孩子们的能力和所学内容的好方法。
But it's a great deal of stress and anxiety on kids to chase that number and it changes the whole dynamic in the classroom
但那些分数却给孩子们造成了很大的压力和焦虑，它改变了整个教室的氛围，
when kids are coming in saying how do I get three more points to get a B instead of coming in and saying I really want to learn more about this. How can I do that.
孩子们走进教室，想的是怎么多拿三分，好得到B，而不是我真的想多了解一些相关知识。我要怎么做呢。
So Mastery has basically said to colleges and admissions officers we're not going to do this anymore and so there's strength in numbers.
所以Mastery基本上就是告诉大学和招生官员，我们不再这样做了，毕竟人多力量大啊。
Like I said 300-400 schools, and college admissions officers have said okay, we'll work with you.
就像我说的，有三四百所学校，所以大学招生官员说，好的，我们会与你合作。
We'll figure that out.
我们会想办法的。
I do think the more that we can come together as K-12 educators and also on the higher ed level,
我真的觉得如果我们能凝聚更多的K12教育家，也包括高等教育家，
but the more that we can come together as educators and have real conversations and ask really big questions about what the world looks like right now
但我们凝聚的人数越多，有更加真实的对话，问问这个世界到底是什么样子，
and what that means for our kids moving forward so they can thrive in whatever comes at them.
这对我们的孩子而言意味着什么，才能让他们茁壮成长。
I think there's opportunities for us to make real big change happen.
我认为我们有机会实现真正重大的改变。
And I'll just say if that grading and assessment domino falls I think that will start a chain of events that will start looking at everything that we do in the classroom.
我想说，如果这个分级和评估多米诺骨牌倒下了，它一定会引发一系列事件，会影响到我们在课堂上所做的一切。
But again, it's going to be can we change the story in people's heads.
但是，问题是我们能否改变人们的想法。
Can we change that narrative as well that says yeah, you know what, grades really aren't that important and they don't really measure learning and they're not really conducive to learning.
我们是否可以改变这种说法，也就是说，你知道吗，分数真的不是那么重要，它们并不是真正衡量学习的标准，它们并不是真的对学习有帮助。
This thing over here, this competency thing or this portfolio thing, whatever it is that we create is much better for that.
这个东西，这里所说的能力或者说投资组合，无论我们创造的是什么，都比它好得多。
That's going to be a very difficult task because people want numbers, people want that traditional kind of experience and assessment experience as well.
这将是一个非常困难的任务，因为人们想要分数，人们也想要传统的经验和评估经验。
Look, at the end of the day the only learning that really matters is the learning that you can apply.
毕竟说到底，唯一真正重要的学习是你可以应用的学习。
We do a lot of learning in schools that basically is just totally forgotten as soon as the test is over and we all know that.
我们在学校里学的很多东西在考试一结束基本就被遗忘了，这一点我们心知肚明。
I mean we all know that. That's been all of our experience that most of what we "learn" in school we don't ever use.
我们都知道。这就是我们的经验，我们在学校“学到”的大部分东西，基本都不会使用。
It's not really relevant to our lives and we forget it.
它与我们的生活无关，我们会忘记它。
I kind of chuckle but sadly all those stories I'm reading about parents who are trying to help their kids with their schoolwork and just can't remember any of it.
我可能笑了，但很遗憾，我读到的那些故事都是父母试图帮助孩子完成学业，但自己却什么都不记得。
It's just like I don't remember how to do that.
就像我不记得怎么做一样。
But I think that at the end of the day if kids can actually apply what they're learning in meaningful ways and in ways that show up in the world,
但我认为，如果孩子最终能有意义地应用他们所学的知识，能付诸实践，
those are amazing assessments and much better I think, much more effective than trying to objectively give an 83 to some piece of work or subject that we give it.
这才是更好更有效的评估手段，而不是客观地给他的某项作业或科目打个83分。
Yeah, let's see what kids can actually do and why wouldn't we want to know what they could do.
让我们看看孩子们能做什么，知道他们能做什么有何不可呢。
Why wouldn't that be much more important than trying to assess what they actually know.
那不比评估他们实际知道的东西重要得多吗?
If they can't apply it, it doesn't really matter.
即便他们不会把知识用在实践中，那也没关系。
