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Hi, I'm Oli. Welcome to Oxford Online English.
大家好，我是奥利。欢迎来到牛津在线英语课堂。
In this lesson, you can learn about the IELTS speaking exam part three.
本节课，大家将学习雅思口语考试的第三部分。
The IELTS speaking test has three parts.
雅思口语考试分三个部分。
In this class, you can learn in more detail about part three of the speaking exam, and how to get a better score.
这节课，大家将学到更多关于口语考试第三部分的细节，以及如何获得更优异的成绩。
First, let's review what happens in part three of the IELTS speaking test.
首先，我们来回顾一下雅思口语考试第三部分的内容。
The examiner will ask you some open-ended questions about a topic.
考官会就某个话题问你一些开放式的问题。
The topic is often related to what you spoke about in part two of the exam.
通常这个话题和口语考试的第二部分所讲的内容有关。
For example, if your topic in part two was “Talk about a sport you enjoy playing,"
例如，如果第二部分的话题是“谈论自己喜欢的一项运动”，
the topic in part three will almost certainly be about sports.
那么第三部分的话题很大程度上也是关于运动的。
In part three, the examiners want to see if you can express your opinions clearly.
在第三部分中，主考官想要了解你是否能够清楚地表达自己的观点。
They also want to see if you can talk about more abstract topics, not just about you and your own life.
他们还想考察你是否可以谈论更抽象的话题，而不是只谈论自身或者自己的生活。
Also, in part three, the examiner can respond to what you say and take the conversation in different directions.
还有，在第三部分中，考官可以就你所说的话题做出回应，从不同的方向与你对话。
That means it's more like a natural conversation than the other parts of the IELTS speaking exam.
这就意味着，比起雅思口语考试的其他部分，第三部分更像是一场自然而然的对话。
The other parts follow a script.
其他的部分有脚本可循。
The questions in part three are generally quite simple.
第三部分的问题通常十分简单。
However, you need to be careful; just because the questions are simple, that doesn't mean your answers should be simple.
但是，你需要严谨；虽然问题简单，但并不意味着你的答案也要简单。
The questions give you an opportunity to speak.
这些问题给了你一个表达的机会。
You need to use that opportunity.
而你需要利用这个机会。
So how can you do that? Well, let's take some sample questions on the topic of sports:
那么应该怎么做呢？我们来举几个关于运动话题的例子：
"Do you think that children do less sport and exercise than in the past?"
“你认为现在的儿童比过去锻炼的少了吗？”
Let's see how you can answer this question effectively.
我们来看看如何有效地回答这一问题。
Part one: support your opinions.
第一部分：为观点列出理由。
The worst answer in part three is a very short answer.
在第三部分中，最不提倡非常简短式的回答。
Don't say something like, "Yes, I agree." It's not enough just to give your opinion; you also need to support your ideas.
不要用“是的，我同意。”这类的回答。仅仅给出你的意见不够充分；还需要列出理由支持你的想法。
How can you do this? Well, first, try to give a reason.
这一点如何做呢？首先，试着给出理由。
For example: "Yes, I agree.
比如说：“是的，我同意这一观点。
Children have more homework and are under more pressure at school, so they have less time to play sports or do something outside."
孩子们的学业压力大，作业多，所以他们很少有时间能做运动或者进行户外活动。”
Secondly, try to add an example from your life.
第二，试着补充生活中的案例。
For example: "Yes, I agree.
例如：“是的，我认可这一观点。
Children have more homework and are under more pressure at school, so they have less time to play sports or do something outside.
孩子们的作业多了，学习压力大了，所以他们没有多少时间做运动或者到户外活动。
For example, when I was younger, I played outside with my friends every day after school.
比如说，我小时候每天放学都会跟小伙伴们在外面玩耍。
Nowadays, I never see children playing outside." But, you say, what if I can't think of a reason?
现在，很少看到在户外玩耍的孩子了。”不过，你可能会说，要是我想不出理由怎么办？
What if I don't have an example? No problem—just add one or the other.
我举不出例子怎么办？没问题——列出理由和举例可以二选一。
But, you say, what if I can't think of examples from my life or any reasons? No problem—just make one up!
但是，你会说，如果我想不出生活中的例子或其他问题？不用担心——编一个吧！
For example: "My friend Sam and his wife have an 8-year-old daughter.
例如：“我的朋友萨姆和他的妻子有一个八岁的女儿。
She has to do around two hours of homework every day after school.
每天放学后，她都要做大约两小时的作业。
Of course, this means she's too tired to go outside or do anything in the evening.
当然，这意味着她没有精力外出玩耍或者做夜间活动了。
When I was eight years old, I hardly had any homework." Good answer, right?
我八岁的时候，几乎没有什么家庭作业。”这个答案不错，对不对？
But guess what—I don't have a friend called Sam! I just made it all up.
结果你猜这么着——我根本没有一位名叫萨姆的朋友！只是随口编造的。
It's a complete lie, and that doesn't matter at all.
这完全是一个谎言，不过这不重要。
The examiner doesn't care if you're telling the truth or not.
考官并不关心你说的是不是实话。
Using an imaginary friend as an example can be a very useful.
以假想的朋友为例是非常有用的。
Here's another trick: "In a recent survey, researchers discovered
还有另一个小窍门：“在最近的一项调查中，研究人员发现，
that children 30 years ago did five hours of exercise or physical activity every week.
30年前的儿童每周都会进行5个小时的锻炼或体育活动。
Now, the average is just one hour of activity a week." Again, there was no survey.
而现在，平均一周只有一个小时的活动时间。同样，也没有什么调查报告。
I just made it up. I'm lying! And again: no one cares. You can do this too.
这都是我编造的。我说的不是事实！同样：没有人会在意。
The examiner is not going to stop the exam to check your research on the Internet. They don't care.
考官不会叫停考试去网上查验你所说的研究。他们根本就不关心。
However, remember that this is only for emergencies, if you can't think of anything to say—it's difficult to think of things like this.
不过，请记住，这只限于紧急情况，如果你想不出要说点什么——很难想到这样的内容。
It's always better to use real examples if you can. Now it's your turn.
可以的话，还是尽量使用真实案例为好。现在，轮到大家了。
Think about the question: "Do you think that children do less sport and exercise than in the past?"
思考一下这个问题：“你认为孩子们比过去相比运动和锻炼减少了吗？”
First of all, do you agree or not? Secondly, why do you agree or disagree?
首先，你是否同意这个观点？其次，为什么同意或者反对？
Thirdly, can you think of examples from your life, or from people you know?
第三，能不能想到生活中的案例，或者认识的人？
Pause the video, think about, think about how you would answer this question.
暂停视频，想一想你会如何回答这一问题。
