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1 I'm basically a toddler. "The secret to understanding dog behavior is that
我还是个学步男孩。“理解狗狗行为的秘密就是，
the average dog has a mind that's equivalent to that of a human two-to-two-and-a-half-year-old,"
一般狗狗的智力相当于两岁到两岁半的人类。”
Stanley Coren, PhD, a professor emeritus in the psychology department at the University of British Columbia, told Psychology Today.
斯坦利·科伦博士告诉《今日心理学》。他是英属哥伦比亚大学心理学系的名誉教授。
On average, dogs comprehend about 165 words, so they can follow a bit more than just "walk" and "treat."
平均来说，狗狗可以理解大约165个单词，所以他们不仅仅可以懂得“走路”和“吃饭”。
They're also most likely to learn words associated with objects or activities, as opposed to words associated with emotions, such as "Good doggy!"
他们更喜欢学习与物体或活动有关的单词，而不是与情感有关的单词，比如“好狗”！
2 But there are a few top dogs.
但是有一些是处于顶端的狗。
"Superdogs"—those in the top 20 percent of the intelligence spectrum—are a little closer to human three-year-olds, and they can understand more than 250 words.
“超级狗”-那些智商最高的20%的狗-它们的智商更接近人类三岁的孩子，他们能听懂250多个单词。
"Every now and then, you get a Mozart or Dickens of dogs who can understand 1,000 words," Coren says.
“有时，你会遇到一只狗中的莫扎特或狄更斯，它们可以理解1000个单词。”科伦说道。
Psychologist John Pilley's border collie, Chaser, showed knowledge of the names of 1,022 objects, according to a study Pilley published in Behavioural Processes in 2011.
心理学家约翰·皮尔利2011年在《行为过程》杂志上发表的一项研究表示，他养的边境牧羊犬“追球手”知道1022件物品的名字。
"But John worked with her four hours a day, like Mozart's dad," says Coren.
科伦说：“但是约翰每天让她学习4个小时，就像莫扎特的父亲那样。”
3 I need to get out in the world. Young dogs that don't meet people or other dogs tend to grow up fearful and aggressive.
我需要去外面的世界看看。见不到人或其它狗的小狗往往会出现恐惧心理和侵略性。
Before they are six months old, puppies should meet 150 people and visit 50 different places.
在小狗六个月大之前，它们应该见到150个人，参观50个不同的地方。
"It doesn't have to be Zanzibar," Coren says. "It can be rooms that are very different, machine shops, parking lots, whatever."
不一定非得去桑给巴尔岛，”科伦说。“可以是非常不同的房间，机械车间，停车场，等等。”
4 I'll tell you when I'm lonely.
我孤单的时候会告诉你的。
Alert pet owners know that the pitch, duration, and frequency of their dog's bark differ depending on the circumstances,
机敏的宠物主人知道，在不同的情况下，狗狗叫声的声调，持续的时间和频率会有所不同。
and researchers are learning what some of that nuance among vocalizations means.
研究人员正在研究发声之间的细微差别意味着什么。
For example, dogs bark differently when they're encountering a stranger than when they're hungry or want company.
比如，狗狗遇到陌生人的叫声和它们饥饿或者想要陪伴的的叫声是不同的。
Two to four high-pitched barks mean a dog senses a threat and is alerting the pack to potential danger, Coren says.
科伦说，两到四声尖锐的吠叫意味着，狗狗察觉到了威胁，警示同伴有潜在危险。
But a long string of single barks with pauses in between? That probably means your dog is lonely.
那一些列单独的、中间还有停顿的叫声呢？可能是你的狗寂寞了。
5 I also use my own sign language. Dogs do talk to you through barks and whines, but don't ignore their more physical communication,
我也有自己的手势语。狗的确通过吠叫和牢骚声和你交流，但是不要忽略他们的身体语言，
such as when Spot paws at the bottom of the sofa to indicate that his ball is hidden underneath.
比如，它们朝着沙发底部挠爪子，来表示它的球跑到了下面。
"Dogs are excellent at adapting their body language to provide us clues about how they feel and what they want,"
“狗非常擅长改变他们的身体语言来告诉我们他们的感觉和需求，
says Monique A. R.Udell, PhD, an assistant professor in the department of animal and rangeland sciences at Oregon State University.
莫妮可·A·尤戴尔博士说。他是俄勒冈州立大学动物和牧场科学系的助理教授。
6 You might be transferring your stress to me. "Tension flows down the leash," Coren says.
你可能在把你的压力转到我身上。”科伦说：“紧张会向下传递。”
"If you're tense and upset, your dog will start to act tense and upset too."
“如果你感到紧张和不安，你的狗会开始表现地紧张和不安。”
He recounts a story of a woman who didn't understand why her dog had started acting aggressive.
他讲述了一个女人的故事，她不明白为什么她的狗开始表现出攻击性。
When Coren found out she was troubled over a recent breakup with a boyfriend,
当科伦发现她因为最近和男友分手遭到困扰时，
he suggested that she focus on getting lots of exercise and socialization with her dog to help dissipate any tension she might be passing along to her pet.
他建议她和狗狗一起增加锻炼和社交，来帮助消除任何她可能传递给狗的紧张感。
