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This wouldn't be a youtube channel without a cat video - so without further ado, we present: Schrodinger's cat.
没有猫猫的Youtube不是Youtube，废话不多说，我们今天要讲的就是：薛定谔的猫。
I'm sure you've heard some version of this famous thought experiment:
关于这个著名的思想实验，我相信你听过好几个版本：
you put a cat in a bunker with some unstable gunpowder that has a 50% chance of blowing up in the next minute, and 50% chance of doing nothing.
你把一只猫放进密闭的箱子里，里面的火药在一分钟内爆炸的可能性为50%，而另50%的可能是什么也不会发生。
The gunpowder is Einstein's version - Schrodinger preferred poisonous gas. But whatever.
火药是爱因斯坦的版本——薛定谔选择了有毒气体。但无所谓了。
So until we look in the bunker, we don't know whether the cat is dead or alive, and when we do look, it is either dead or alive.
除非我们打开箱子，否则我们就不知道这只猫是死是活，并且我们打开箱子看时，这只猫要么是死了，要么还活着。
So if we repeat the experiment enough times with enough cats and bunkers and gunpowder,
如果我们把实验用无限的猫和无限的火药重复足够的次数，
we'll see that half the time kitty survives, and half the time kitty goes bye-bye. The quantum mechanical interpretation is that before we look,
那么我们会看到猫猫有一半的存活几率，一半的死亡几率。量子力学的解释是，在我们看之前，
the cat is in a superposition - it's both dead and alive - and our act of looking forces nature's decision. So our curiosity kills the cat.
猫猫是处于“又死又活”的叠加态，我们看的这个行为迫使自然做出决定，所以是我们的好奇心害死了猫。
But what about the cat's perspective? Well, the cat either sees the gunpowder explode, or not –
但是从猫猫的视角来看呢？猫猫要么看见火药爆炸，要么没看见——
so inside the bunker we actually have these two possibilities:
所以在箱子里边，我们其实有两种可能性：
'the powder exploded and the cat saw it explode' or 'the powder didn't explode and the cat didn't see it explode'.
‘火药爆炸，并且猫猫看见火药爆炸’或者‘火药没有爆炸，并且猫猫也没看见它爆炸’。
There's no option: 'the powder exploded and the cat didn't see it explode' - so the cat's reality becomes entangled with the outcome of the experiment!
‘火药爆炸，并且猫猫没看见它爆炸’这个选项不存在——所以猫猫的生死与实验结果纠缠一起。
And it's our observation of the experiment that forces nature to 'collapse' to one option or the other.
是我们对实验的观察迫使自然‘坍缩’成某一种选项。
But we're like the cat, too – either the cat dies and we see it dead, or the cat lives and we see it alive –
但是我们也像猫猫一样——要么猫猫死了，并且我们看见它死了，要么猫猫活着，并且我们看见活着的猫——
so who's observing us to force nature to 'collapse' to one reality?
所以观察我们迫使自然‘坍缩’成单一状态的又是谁呢？
Or do both possibilities happen in parallel within a larger multiverse?
或者在一个更大的多元宇宙中，这两种可能性是同时发生的？
This 'collapsing to one reality' problem is one of the biggest unanswered questions in quantum physics. So for kitty's sake, can I has answer pleez?
这个‘坍缩成单一状态’的问题是量子物理学里一直无法解答的疑团。所以看在猫猫的面子上，能给我一个答案吗？
