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Now, some people start companies, some people invent a new machine, new technology, etc.
有些人创办公司，有些人发明新机器，新技术，等等。
so it's a very positive use of social media. However, there are also a lot of scams.
所以这是社交媒体的积极利用。但是也有很多骗局。
A scam is like a trick to try to get something from you,
骗局是一种试图从你这里得到东西的诡计，
so a lot of people will get on thesesites and say, oh, you know, "My wife, she's pregnant,
所以很多人会在网上说，你知道，“我的妻子，她怀孕了，
but she has cancer and I need asurgery for her but I don't have money, will people please help me?
但是她得了癌症，她需要做手术，但是我没有钱，大家来帮助我好吗？
"And people are nice, they're generous and friendly, they're helpful,
“人们很好，他们慷慨、友好、乐于助人，
they send money to this person, but this person is not married, is young,
他们给这个人打钱，但是这个人没有结婚，很年轻，
has nothing going on but, you know, just taking the money and going on vacation.
根本没有什么事，他就用这些钱度假。
So, you have to be very careful about the places you send your money to.
所以，你捐钱时要非常小心。
Be very, very careful where you're sending your money. Now, crowdsourcing is very similar to funding, but it has nothing to do with money.
要非常、非常小心地捐钱。众包与融资非常相似，但它与金钱无关。
Let's say I want to start a new website and I have a very, very good idea for a service to provide people.
比如说，我想建立一个新网站，我有一个非常非常好的想法，那就是为人们提供服务。
The problem is that I have all the content, but I don't actually know how to build a site.
问题是，我有所有的内容，但我实际上不知道如何建立一个网站。
I don't know how to make functions on the site.
我不知道如何在网站上实现功能。
So, I can go to crowdsourcing sites, especially social media sites,
所以，我可以去众包网站，尤其是社交媒体网站，
and I can ask people tohelp write the code or look for people to do the coding to help me build this site and create my vision of the website.
我可以请人帮我写代码，或者找人帮我写代码，帮我建这个网站，帮我建立我想要的网站。
So, crowdsourcing is getting people to help you with actual work, with tasks,
所以，众包是让人们用他们的知识，用他们的技能帮助你完成实际工作，
with their knowledge, with their skills, which is actually a very interesting thing.
完成任务，这实际上是一件非常有趣的事情。
A very good thing. And now there's also something called Creative Commons.
这是一件非常棒的事情。现在还有一个叫做知识共享的东西。
So, what social media has done is it connectedthe world.
所以，社交媒体所做的就是把世界连接起来。
It made everybody be able to reach basically everybody and work together.
它使每个人都能接触到每个人，一起运作。
So, Creative Commons, a lot of people are sharing photos and videos and articles for free,
所以，知识共享，很多人会免费分享照片、视频和文章，
and they say you can use this information, you don't have to pay me anything,
他们说你可以利用这些信息，而且你不需要付任何报酬，
there's no license, if you want to use this picturein your website, go ahead, it's free.
不用获得许可，如果你想在你的网站上使用这张照片，就使用吧，它是免费的。
So, you get a Creative Commons license. I'm going to go to black because I lost myred [marker].
所以，你获得了知识共享许可。我要用黑笔了，因为红笔掉了。
So, you get a Creative Commons license. You can go to some website where they have some kind of really beautiful pictures and,
所以，你得到了一个知识共享许可。你可以登录一些网站，那里有一些非常漂亮的图片，
of course, there are websites where you have to buy the picture and they're a little bit expensive.
当然，在一些网站上，你需要购买图片，但是价格有点贵。
There are Creative Commons sites where you can take the picture and use it and you have a Creative Commons license, it means it's not copyrighted.
有知识共享网站，你可以下载照片并使用它，你有一个知识共享许可，这意味着它没有版权。
It's free for everybody to use and share, so it's a very nice thing.
每个人都可以免费使用和分享，所以这是一件很好的事情。
Now, very common, very popular thing to do on social media is a blog, which is a weblog,
现在，在社交媒体上非常常见、非常流行的事情是博客，也就是网络日志，
and that's basically people - you know, it started off as people just writing their ideas and thoughts and whatever.
那基本上是，你知道，人们只是在博客上写他们的想法和观点，诸如此类。
It was like a journal and they shared it on the world wide web.
它就像一本日志，他们在网上分享它。
Now, more common is vlog - video log, which is essentially YouTube and other streaming services where people can share videos about anything and everything.
现在，更常见的是vlog——视频日志，基本上是人们在YouTube平台上和其他流媒体平台上分享关于任何事情的视频。
Now, clickbait. Very interesting little situation here. Click, you know, on the mouse, you click.
现在来讲，标题党。这个东西很有意思。点击，你知道用鼠标点击。
Bait, this word, bait, if any of you have ever gone fishing, okay,
诱饵，这个词，诱饵，如果你们当中有人去钓鱼，
you have your rod and you have your line and at the end of your line you have your hook.
你有鱼竿，有鱼线，鱼线的末端有鱼钩。
If you throw this into the water, the fish won't come. They won't care, you know, it's just a piece of metal.
如果你把这个扔进水里，鱼不会上钩。他们不会在意的，你知道，它只是一块金属。
But if you put a worm on the hook, or a piece of bread, or another little fish, then other bigger fish will come and bite it.
但是如果你把一条虫子，或者一片面包，或者另一条小鱼放在鱼钩上，那么其他更大的鱼就会来咬它。
So, that's the bait. The stuff you put on the hook to attract the fish is called the bait.
这就是诱饵。你放在鱼钩上吸引鱼的东西叫做诱饵
So, clickbait is headlines, very powerful headlines or pictures that really, all these people want is for you to click on them.
所以，标题党就是使用非常有力的标题或图片，所有这些人想要的是你点进去。
The more you click, the more money they get.
点击量越大，他们得到的钱就越多。
The more visitors to their site they get, the more advertising money they get, so be careful about clickbait. It's very, very tempting.
网站的访问者越多，广告收入就越多，所以要小心标题党。这非常非常诱人。
Now, I personally have clicked many things that were just click bait because you can't help it,
现在，我个人已经点击了很多标题党文章，因为你无法控制它，
they're so attractive, you go to them, you click, and then ah, clickbait! And then you've wasted your time.
它们是如此的有吸引力，你点进去后发现是标题党文章！然后你就浪费了时间。
Feed. Everything you put on your social media site or social media platform is called a feed or post.
推送。你在社交媒体网站或社交媒体平台上发布的所有内容都被称为“feed”或“post”。
On Twitter you put a post, on Facebook you put a feed, and it goes up and down, and up and down, and it keeps moving.
你在推特上发布动态，在脸书上发布动态，帖子的位置会上下变化，一直不停地变化。
So, your feed is basically the collection of posts, and they keep moving up and down.
你的“feed”基本上是帖子的集合，它们的位置不停的变化。
The more posts people put on, the more crowded the feed gets until nothing really matters anymore.
人们发布的帖子越多，信息流就会变得越拥挤，直到一切都变得无关紧要。
And then, of course, unless something goes viral, alright.
当然，除非有什么东西像病毒一样传播开来。
If it goes viral, it spreads very quickly to a lot of people
如果帖子病毒式传播，它很快就会传播给很多人，
and it becomes very popular until people forget about it and something else becomes viral.
它变得非常受欢迎，直到其他的东西疯传起来，人们才会忘记它。
And then you have something that's trending. Now, something that goes viral is one thing, spreads very quickly.
接下来看热门话题。现在，病毒式传播是一件事，它传播得很快。
Something that's trending is more of like a topic and more and more people start talking about it.
“trending”更像是一个话题，越来越多的人开始谈论它。
So, it's not one thing, it's one category, and more people start adding things to it to get the conversation going.
所以，它不是一件事，它是一个类别，更多的人开始添加内容，让对话继续。
Trends last longer than viral posts or things.
热门话题比病毒式的帖子或东西持续的时间长。
Live streaming is basically you're taking a video and instead of recording it and then posting it later, you're doing it live.
视频直播基本上就是你开视频，而不是录下来之后再上传，你是在实时直播。
So, whatever the person is doing on the camera, other people can see at the exact same time,
不管这个人在镜头前做什么，其他人都能在同一时间看到，
and then you can even communicate with people who are livestreaming.
你甚至可以和直播的人交流。
This is becoming more and more popular. And that's why we have something, it's more and more streaming media.
这变得越来越流行。这就是为什么我们有越来越多的流媒体。
More and more live video broadcasting, okay?
视频直播越来越多。
Now, something that happens on a mass scale, this is a very important phrase. Mass means a lot or big. Scale means size, so a big size.
一些大规模发生的事情，这是一个非常重要的短语。大量意味着很多或很大。规模指的是尺寸，很大的尺寸。
So, anything that happens on a mass scale means it affects a lot of people; travels to a lot of places.
任何大规模发生的事情都会影响很多人；传到很多地方。
It's a very, very big audience, I guess you could call it.
它有一个非常非常大的观众群，我想你可以这样说。
An app is short for application, so anything you don't do on your desktop computer,
“app”是“application”的缩写，所以你不在台式电脑上做的任何事情，
you do it on your mobile computer, it is specifically set just for that platform.
你可以在你的移动电脑上做，它是专门为那个平台设置的。
For example, Twitter, you can do on your desktop computer.
例如，推特，你可以在你的台式电脑上登录。
If you want to do it on your phone, you download the Twitter application,
如果你想在手机上登录，你可以下载推特应用，
and that application is only for Twitter and it doesn't interact with other things.
那个应用程序只适用于推特，它和其他东西无关。
Hashtag. Hashtags used to be very popular, they're still popular,
标签。标签曾经很流行，现在仍然很流行，
but a hashtag basically looks like this: # and then whatever words come after it.
但是“hashtag”基本上是这样的：#，然后还有后面的单词。
A hashtag just connects this word to other posts that have the same hashtag.
它是将这个有标签的消息与其他具有相同标签的帖子联系起来。
So, if you put something with a hashtag, it will connect with all the other posts with the same hashtag
所以，如果你放了一个带有标签的东西，它会连接到所有其他带有相同标签的帖子，
so it's easier to find information about a particular thing.
所以更容易找到关于特定事物的信息。
A meme - the pronunciation meme, not meh mehor mi mi or whatever, meme.
一个表情包——发音是这样，不是“meh mehor” “mi mi”或其他什么，表情包。
A meme is basically a picture or an expression or a video, a short video,
表情包基本上是一个图片或一个表情或一个视频，一个短视频，
that is taken out of its context, out of its original context and lots of different things are added to it and it gets sent back out onto the internet.
它脱离了它的背景，脱离了它最初的背景，很多不同的东西被加到它里面，然后它被重新发送到互联网上。
So, for example, somebody posts a picture of a smiling baby.
例如，有人上传了一张微笑的婴儿的照片。
And then somebody else takes that picture of the smiling baby and puts that smiling baby surrounded by lions and then they say, "Who's happier?", right?
然后另一个人下载了这张微笑的婴儿的照片，把微笑的婴儿PS在狮子旁边，然后他们说，“谁更快乐？”
And then someone takes the baby and puts it in a different situation; someone takes the baby like it's speaking something.
然后有人把婴儿放在不同的情境中；有人把婴儿图片配上文字，好像是婴儿在说话。
They take one picture or one thing and put it in many different contexts because they think it's funny.
他们拍一张照片或一个东西，然后把它放在很多不同的情境中，因为他们觉得这很有趣。
Okay, so lastly, we have something called phishing.
好吧，最后，还有网络钓鱼。
So, like I mentioned before, it's similar to click bait but it's a lot more dangerous and a lot more negative.
就像我之前提到的，它类似于标题党，但是它更危险，也更负面。
So, first of all, notice that I have phishing with a "ph",
首先，请注意，“phishing”的开头是“ph”，
so "ph" can sound like "f", so it's phishing with a "ph" not fishing with an "f" like the fish, okay.
所以“ph”听起来像“f”，“phishing”的开头是“ph”，而不是像“fish”一样以“f”开头。
So, what is phishing? One of the problems with social media is that people can interact with people directly and they can sort of establish relationships.
那么，什么是网络钓鱼呢？社交媒体的一个问题是人们可以直接与人互动，他们可以建立关系。
So, what people do with phishing is they try to connect with people who are -- maybe they need a friend,
所以，人们通过网络钓鱼所做的就是试图与那些——也许他们需要一个朋友，
maybe they're lonely, they try to become friends with them.
也许他们是孤独的，他们试图和他们成为朋友。
They try to attract them and gain their trustand then they will run a scam on them.
他们试图吸引他们，获得他们的信任，然后他们会欺骗他们。
They will try to steal something from them. Steal their identity,
他们会试图从他们那里窃取东西。盗取他们的身份,
steal money, steal anything they can, and that's the whole purpose of phishing.
偷钱，偷他们能偷的任何东西，这就是网络钓鱼的全部目的。
So, if you meet strangers online, especially on social media, always have a little bit of questioning.
所以，如果你在网上遇到陌生人，尤其是在社交媒体上，一定要多问一些问题。
Like, don't 100 percent trust any stranger, just like you wouldn't trust a stranger on the street that you just meet for the first time,
不要百分百相信陌生人，就像你不会相信街上的陌生人一样，
don't trust somebody you just meet on the internet.
不要相信刚在网上认识的人。
And again, some of these people will spend months or years trying to gain your trust until they can finally work out their scam.
同样，这些人中的一些人会花几个月或几年的时间试图获得你的信任，直到他们最终实施他们的骗局。
So, be careful. Always use common sense on the internet.
所以，要小心。在互联网上要经常使用常识。
So, again, as you see, the social media. Good uses, bad uses, use your common sense to know which is which.
所以，正如你所看到的，社交媒体。它有好的用途，坏的用途，用你的常识来分辨。
Enjoy the social media; be a little bit wary, be a little bit careful and always keep your eyes open. Be sure you know what you're doing, okay?
享受社交媒体；要谨慎一点，要小心一点，永远睁大你的眼睛。你一定要知道你在做什么。
So, I hope this was a little bit helpful. You're going to be on the computer, social media is getting bigger.
我希望这对你们有所帮助。你会使用电脑，社交媒体变得越来越强大。
Know the words, know what's going on, take care of yourself.
知道这些词汇，知道正在发生什么，照顾好自己。
If you have any questions about any of this, please go to www.engvid.com and ask me there.
如果你对此有任何问题，请登录engvid.com上问我。
There's also a quiz; you can practice this vocabulary and make sure you understand it.
还有一个小测验；你可以练习这些词汇并确保你理解了它们。
If you like the video, give me a like. Don't forget to subscribe to my YouTube channel
如果你喜欢这个视频，请给我点赞。别忘了订阅我的油管频道，
and come back for more helpful videos on English and other things, okay? See you again soon. Bye.
回来看更多关于英语和其他东西的有用视频，好吗？下次见。再见。
