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Hi again, welcome to engVid.com. I'm Adam.
欢迎来到英格威英语学习网。我是亚当。
In today's video, I want to talk to you about social media.
在今天的视频中，我想和大家谈谈社交媒体。
Now, all of you are, I'm sure, are aware of social media. There're the big companies like Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, etc.
我敢肯定，你们所有人都知道社交媒体。现在有脸书、照片墙、推特等大公司。
Social media has basically taken over almost everyday life for a lot people,
社交媒体基本上已经占据了很多人的日常生活，
so today I want to give you some vocabulary that you might need
所以今天我想给大家讲一些你们可能需要的词汇，
in order to be able to talk about social media or understand people who are speaking about social media.
以便能够谈论社会媒体或者理解那些谈论社会媒体的人。
So, the first things I want to look at are- I want to look at a couple of pronunciation issues,
所以，我首先想讲的是——我想讲几个发音问题，
and I want to look at people, people you need to know who are on social media and who affect everyday social media use.
然后再说说你需要知道的在社交媒体上的人们，是谁影响着每天的社交媒体使用。
So, the first thing I want to talk about is Twitter and tweeter, okay?
我首先要讲的是“Twitter”和“tweeter”。
Twitter is a big company that you can send, you can post short messages and photos and videos, etc.
推特是一家大公司，你可以在应用上发布短消息，照片和视频，等等。
And when you send out anything on Twitter, that's the company name,
当你在推特上发送任何东西，“Twitter”是公司的名字，
so Twitter is the company, and a tweet is the message or the picture or video that you send out.
“Twitter”指的是公司，“tweet”就是你发送出去的信息或图片或视频。
And a person who uses Twitter is called a tweeter, okay? Someone who tweets.
使用推特的人叫做推特用户。发推特的人。
So, it - ee. A very slight difference, but it's important to understand.
差别很小，但是理解它很重要。
If someone is talking about a tweeter they're talking about a person.
如果某人在谈论一个推特用户，他们是在谈论一个人。
Anyone who makes videos on YouTube is a youtuber.
任何在油管上制作视频的人都是油管博主。
Now, generally speaking, when we talk about youtubers, we're talking about someone with a following,
一般来说，当我们谈论油管博主时，我们谈论的是拥有追随者的人，
someone who has a lot of subscribers, or a lot of followers, a lot of people watching their videos. Right?
他们有很多订阅者，很多关注者，很多人看他们的视频。
now, there are about - there's millions of people making YouTube videos, you can'tcall all of them youtubers.
有成千上万的人在制作油管视频，你不能把他们都叫做油管博主。
The ones who are a bit more well known are youtubers.
比较出名的才叫做油管博主。
So, I'm a youtuber, let's put it this way. And all the other EngVid teachers are youtubers.
我是一个油管博主，这么说吧。其他所有的英格威老师都是油管博主。
Now, someone on YouTube or Instagram or Facebookor any social media platform,
现在，有人在油管、照片墙和脸书或任何社交媒体平台上，
and it's very important to know this - all these social media sites are platforms where people can engage each other.
了解这一点非常重要——所有这些社交媒体网站都是人们相互交流的平台。
So, a person on a social media platform who is very, very popular and many people following and many subscribers, we call this person an influencer, okay?
所以，如果有个人在社交媒体平台上非常非常受欢迎，有很多人关注和订阅，我们就称这个人为有影响力的人，
Some people say "YouTube star", star, okay, so maybe very popular,
有些人说“油管之星”，好吧，可能很受欢迎，
but the more important word is influencer, because this person hasthe power to influence a lot of people.
但是更重要的词是有影响力的人，因为这个人有能力影响很多人。
So, advertisers and, like, a lot of big companies,
所以，广告商和许多大公司，
they try to get in touch with these influencers to help them promote a product or sell a product or an event or information, etc.
他们试图与这些有影响力的人取得联系，帮助他们推销产品或销售产品，或宣传事件或信息等。
So, influencer. So next, we have trolls and haters, okay.
这就是有影响力的人。还有，网上也有喷子和仇恨者。
Very similar but subtle difference between the two.
这两个非常相似，但有细微的区别。
A hater is just like the word says, a person who hates.
一个仇恨者就像这个词所说的，一个有仇恨的人。
So, there are people who go online and they look through social media sites and look at posts and pictures and whatever, and they just put something negative.
所以，有些人上网浏览社交媒体网站，浏览帖子和图片等等，他们只是发一些负面的东西。
They put some sort of bad comment - "I hate you.", "You look ugly.", "You're stupid.","You're this and that".
他们会发一些不好的话——“我讨厌你”、“你看起来很丑”、“你很笨”、“你就是这样或那样”。
These people have absolutely nothing else to do, okay?
这些人完全没有其他事情可做。
They're sitting at home, they're bored and- "What should I do?
他们坐在家里，感到无聊，然后就想——“我该怎么办？
Ah okay, let me write some bad things to this person". Why?
好吧，让我给这个人写一些不好的东西。
Because it's anonymous. What does anonymous mean? It means nobody knows the identity of this person.
因为网上是匿名的。匿名是什么意思？这意味着没有人知道这个人的身份。
So, a hater is basically somebody with nothing to do, who is bored, gets online, and writes bad things.
所以，一个怀恨者基本上是一个无所事事的人，他很无聊，就去上网写一些不好的东西。
The best thing to do with haters is ignore them.
对付这些怀恨者，最好的办法就是忽视他们。
If you're putting things on the internet, if you're posting things on your Facebookpage, on your Instagram page, on your Twitter page, whatever,
如果你在互联网上发东西，如果你把东西发在你的脸书页面上，你的照片墙页面上，你的推特页面上，等等，
and somebody comes and says something negative, let it go. Just move on. It doesn't matter.
如果有人过来说了一些消极的话，那就随他去吧。就往前看。不要在意。
Don't worry about what this person says. Even this person doesn't care about what he or she is saying.
不要担心这个人说什么。甚至这个人也不关心他或她在说什么。
But then you have a troll. Now, a troll is generally similar to a hater,
但是还有喷子。喷子通常和怀恨者相似，
will usually come and write something negative, the difference is that the hater, once he or she has written something, they just forget about it.
他们通常会写一些负面的东西，不同的是，怀恨者写了什么东西后他们就会忘记它。
A troll is trying to get a reaction, which- this makes a troll a lot more dangerous, okay?
喷子则是要试图刺激人做出反应，所以喷子更加危险。
A troll will come and say something that he or she knows will annoy you or irritate you or make you angry or make you sad,
一个喷子会过来说一些他或她知道会惹恼你、激怒你、让你生气或伤心的话，
but he or she is hoping that you write something back, because then they can write something bad again, and they want this exchange.
但他或她是希望你写一些东西回来，因为这样他们可以再回一些不好的东西，他们想要这个交互。
Again, the best thing to do: ignore the trolls.
同样，最好的办法是：忽略这些喷子。
And you'll hear if you listen to the news or you read newspapers, you hear about "trolling", this is the action of what a troll does,
如果你听新闻或读报纸，你会听到“trolling”这个词，这是一个喷子做的事情，
you'll hear about people trolling each other, famous people trolling each other.
你会听到人们互相挑衅，名人互相挑衅。
They're acting like little children. Ignore them, ignore the trolls on your site, move on.
他们表现得像小孩子一样。忽略他们，忽略你网上的喷子，别关注他们。
Both of these people are considered cyberbullies.
这两种人都被认为是网络欺凌者。
Cyberbullying is a very, very serious social phenomenon.
网络欺凌是一种非常严重的社会现象。
Very dangerous; it's making a lot of people angry, it's increasing the suicide rate inmany cities and many countries.
非常危险；它让很多人感到愤怒，这增加了许多城市和国家的自杀率。
It's very dangerous but also very difficult to fight because of the anonymity,
这是非常危险的，但也很难打击，因为它是匿名的，
because these people are anonymous, so in many casesyou don't know who is doing it.
因为这些人是匿名的，所以在很多情况下你不知道是谁在做。
You have a lot of, especially teenagers, who are doing bad things to themselves because of cyberbullying.
有很多人，尤其是青少年，因为网络欺凌而伤害自己。
If you see it, do something. Act against it, write against it, try to stop it, but ignore it.
如果你看到了，就做点什么。在行动上反对网络欺凌，用文字对抗它，试图阻止它，但是要忽视它。
That's the main thing if it happens to you, ignore it, move on.
如果它发生在你身上，忽略它，往前看。这是最重要的。
Now, again, if you're on social media and you have a lot of people who come and visit your page or your site or whatever, these are called followers.
现在，如果你在社交媒体上，有很多人来访问你的页面或网站，这些人被称为追随者。
They're essentially your fans. And when we talk about all of your fans or all of a person's fans, that is called the fanbase.
他们本质上就是你的粉丝。当我们说到你所有的粉丝或者一个人所有的粉丝时，那就叫做粉丝团。
These are all the people who are following you, who are fans of your content, okay?
这些是所有关注你的人，是你的内容的粉丝。
And that's what social media is all about, it's about content.
这就是社交媒体的意义，它是关于内容的。
It's about articles, it's about vlogs and blogs, etc.
它是关于文章的，它是关于视频博客和博客的，等等。
about things that people put online to share with other people. I'll talk more about that as well.
社交媒体是关于人们在网上与他人分享的事情。我也会多讲一些这个东西。
Now, a very cool part of social media is something called a flash mob.
现在，社交媒体中一个很酷的部分叫做快闪族。
It used to be very, very popular a few years ago but it still happens every now and again.
它在几年前非常非常流行，但现在仍然经常发生。
A flash mob happens when somebody puts on their social media feed, their social media page,
快闪族就是，有人在他们的社交媒体推送上，社交媒体页面上发布消息，
that they want people to come to a specific location at a specific time and wait for a signal.
他们希望人们在特定的时间来到特定的地点，等待信号。
And when that signal happens, everybody who got this message will get together and start doing a dance, okay.
当收到信号时，每个收到这个信息的人都会聚集在一起开始跳舞。
They've practiced this, it was all shared through social media, they know the song, they know the steps, they know where everybody should be,
他们练习过，社交媒体到处都有分享，他们知道歌曲，知道步伐，知道每个人应该在哪里，
and these are all strangers who got together to have fun and it's actually a very interesting and very cool sight, okay.
这些都是陌生人聚在一起玩，这实际上是一个非常有趣非常酷的景象。
So - there's good and bad to the social media thing, but we'll get more about that.
所以，社交媒体有好有坏，但我们会了解更多。
Now, you can often hear about social media campaigns. Now, what is a campaign?
现在，你可以经常听到社交媒体活动。那么，什么是计划活动？
A campaign is an effort to do something, to achieve something.
计划活动就是努力去做某事，去实现某事。
So, you'll have a lot of campaigns like educational campaigns, ad campaigns,
所以，会有很多活动，比如教育活动，广告活动，
where they're pushing a certain piece of information to get people to buy something, to act on something, to go somewhere, take some action, etc.
他们推送特定的信息，让人们去买东西，去行动，去什么地方，采取某个行动，等等。
But a very interesting and becoming more andmore popular campaign is called crowdfunding.
但是一个非常有趣而且越来越受欢迎的活动叫做众筹。
So, there's a site or there're applications called Kickstarter or GoFundMe,
有一个网站或应用叫“Kickstarter”或“GoFundMe”，
where people have a very good idea and they need money to make this idea come alive,
人们有一个很好的想法，他们需要钱来实现这个想法，
so they create a crowdfunding page, they create a crowdfunding campaign,
所以他们创建了一个众筹页面，创建了一个众筹活动，
and people from all over the world send them a little bit of money, and they collect all this money,
来自世界各地的人们献给他们一些钱，他们会收集所有的钱，
sometimes it can be very huge quantities, and they take this money and they can pursue their product.
有时数额可能很大，他们用这些钱来做他们的产品。
